Local Insulin Improves Wound Healing: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Wounds are a significant health issue, and reliable and safe strategies to promote repair are needed. Clinical trials have demonstrated that local insulin promotes healing in acute and chronic wounds (ie, reductions of 7% to 40% versus placebo). However, the trials' sample sizes have prevented drawing solid conclusions.

A 57-Year-Old Man with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and a Chronic Foot Ulcer Successfully Managed with a Remote Patient-Facing Wound Care Smartphone Application.

BACKGROUND Wounds affect millions of people world-wide, with care being costly and difficult to deliver remotely. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic highlights the urgent need for telehealth solutions to play a larger role as part of remote care strategies for patient monitoring and care. We describe our findings on the use of a patient-facing wound care app (Swift Patient Connect App, Swift Medical, Canada) as an innovative solution in remote wound assessment and management of a diabetic patient's wound.

The Promise of Smartphone Applications in the Remote Monitoring of Postsurgical Wounds: A Literature Review.

Objective: To review the clinical and scientific literature on remote monitoring and management of postsurgical wounds using smartphone applications (apps).

Data Sources: MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane libraries were searched for relevant articles on patients who received surgery and were monitored postdischarge via an app.

Study Selection: Articles were selected with the terms "mobile phones," "smartphones," "wounds," "monitor," and "patient preference.

Financial and Clinical Risk Evaluation of Pressure Injuries in US Hospitals: A Business Case for Initiating Quality Improvement.

Introduction: Pressure injuries (PIs) are a serious, avoidable condition that affect many patients during hospital stays. Yet, to date, there is no comprehensive assessment of the financial and clinical risks of PIs.

Objective: This study evaluates the cost of treatment, impact of reimbursement policies, and clinical consequences of PIs for US hospitals.

Improving the quality of pressure ulcer management in a skilled nursing facility.

Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a serious health care problem for nursing home residents and a key quality metric for regulators. Three initiatives were introduced at a 128-bed facility to improve PU prevention. First, a Quality Assurance and Performance Improvement project and a Root Cause Analysis were conducted to improve the facility's wound care programme.

Point-of-care wound visioning technology: Reproducibility and accuracy of a wound measurement app.

Background: Current wound assessment practices are lacking on several measures. For example, the most common method for measuring wound size is using a ruler, which has been demonstrated to be crude and inaccurate. An increase in periwound temperature is a classic sign of infection but skin temperature is not always measured during wound assessments.

Tumour endothelial marker-8 in wound healing and its impact on the proliferation and migration of keratinocytes.

Chronic wound management represents a significant burden on healthcare systems and negatively impacts on the quality of patient life. New strategies to understand and identify wounds that will not heal in a normal manner are required. Tumour endothelial marker‑8 (TEM‑8) has been implicated in the wound healing and angiogenesis processes.

Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Frequently Missed Diagnosis, Part 2: Treatment Options.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intertriginous area. Patients with HS have several challenges to their quality of life and activities of everyday living, including malodor, purulent discharge, and discomfort. There is often a delay in diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Frequently Missed Diagnosis, Part 1: A Review of Pathogenesis, Associations, and Clinical Features.

Purpose: To provide information about the etiology, diagnostic evaluations, and clinical features of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS).

Target Audience: This continuing education activity is intended for physicians and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.

Objectives: After participating in this educational activity, the participant should be better able to:1.

Patient perception of wound photography.

The objectives of this study were to provide an assessment of photographic documentation of the wound from the patients' perspective and to evaluate whether this could improve patients' understanding of and involvement in their wound care. Our results revealed that most patients visiting the wound care clinic have difficult-to-see wounds (86%). Only 20% of patients monitor their wounds and instead rely on clinic or nurse visits to track the healing progress.

Mass spectrometry reveals synergistic effects of nucleotides, lipids, and drugs binding to a multidrug resistance efflux pump.

Multidrug resistance is a serious barrier to successful treatment of many human diseases, including cancer, wherein chemotherapeutics are exported from target cells by membrane-embedded pumps. The most prevalent of these pumps, the ATP-Binding Cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp), consists of two homologous halves each comprising one nucleotide-binding domain and six transmembrane helices. The transmembrane region encapsulates a hydrophobic cavity, accessed by portals in the membrane, that binds cytotoxic compounds as well as lipids and peptides.

Ion mobility mass spectrometry of two tetrameric membrane protein complexes reveals compact structures and differences in stability and packing.

Here we examined the gas-phase structures of two tetrameric membrane protein complexes by ion mobility mass spectrometry. The collision cross sections measured for the ion channel are in accord with a compact configuration of subunits, suggesting that the native-like structure can be preserved under the harsh activation conditions required to release it from the detergent micelle into the gas phase. We also found that the quaternary structure of the transporter, which has fewer transmembrane subunits than the ion channel, is less stable once stripped of detergents and bulk water.

The response of Escherichia coli NikR to nickel: a second nickel-binding site.

The Escherichia coli transcription factor NikR mediates two levels of regulatory control of Ni(II) uptake in response to changes in the levels of available nickel. Despite the evidence that metal binding to two distinct sites on NikR, referred to as the high- and low-affinity Ni(II) sites, is required for Ni(II)-selective DNA binding by the protein, the role of the latter set of Ni(II) ions in the activation of NikR remains controversial, and the position of the putative low-affinity Ni(II)-binding site(s) on NikR has not been determined. In this study we confirm that NikR has a high-affinity Ni(II)-binding site that is maintained upon DNA binding.

Potassium is critical for the Ni(II)-responsive DNA-binding activity of Escherichia coli NikR.

The Escherichia coli NikR transcription factor is a Ni(II)-dependent repressor that regulates the production of a nickel ion transporter. The X-ray crystal structure of the Ni(II)-NikR-DNA bound complex revealed a K(+)-binding site positioned at the interface of the metal- and DNA-binding domains, but the significance of the potassium was unclear. Mutation of one of the K(+) ligands impairs the affinity and specificity of DNA binding in the presence of either stoichiometric or excess Ni(II).

The "metallo-specific" response of proteins: a perspective based on the Escherichia coli transcriptional regulator NikR.

Transition metal ions are required by all cells but an excess of metal ions beyond physiological requirements has toxic consequences. Optimal cellular concentrations of transition metals are commonly maintained by metal-responsive transcription factors that regulate genes encoding the proteins responsible for transport, sequestration and/or use of the metals. These metalloregulators must discriminate between the bioavailable metals to properly effect metal homeostasis, but how this metal selectivity is achieved is poorly understood.

Structural basis of the metal specificity for nickel regulatory protein NikR.

In the presence of excess nickel, Escherichia coli NikR regulates cellular nickel uptake by suppressing the transcription of the nik operon, which encodes the nickel uptake transporter, NikABCDE. Previously published in vitro studies have shown that NikR is capable of binding a range of divalent transition metal ions in addition to Ni2+, including Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+. To understand how the high-affinity nickel binding site of NikR is able to accommodate these other metal ions, and to improve our understanding of NikR's mechanism of binding to DNA, we have determined structures of the metal-binding domain (MBD) of NikR in the apo form and in complex with Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions and compared them with the previously published structures with Ni2+.

NikR-operator complex structure and the mechanism of repressor activation by metal ions.

Metal ion homeostasis is critical to the survival of all cells. Regulation of nickel concentrations in Escherichia coli is mediated by the NikR repressor via nickel-induced transcriptional repression of the nickel ABC-type transporter, NikABCDE. Here, we report two crystal structures of nickel-activated E.

Fluorescence analysis of sulfonamide binding to carbonic anhydrase.

A practical laboratory experiment is described that illustrates the application of fluorescence resonance energy transfer to the study of protein-ligand binding. The affinities of wild-type and mutant human carbonic anhydrase II for dansylamide were determined by monitoring the increase in ligand fluorescence that occurs due to energy transfer from tryptophan residues near the enzyme active site. In a subsequent experiment, the binding constant of azetazolamide, a weaker fluorophore but a stronger ligand, is measured by competition with dansylamide.

Biomimetic monoacylation of diols in water. Lanthanide-promoted reactions of methyl benzoyl phosphate.

The direct monoacylation of diols by acyl phosphate monoesters in water is a biomimetic analogy to the enzymic aminoacylation of tRNA by aminoacyl adenylates. Without catalysis, acyl phosphate monoesters react rapidly with amines but very slowly with water and alcohols. Lanthanide ions dramatically and selectively facilitate the base-catalyzed monoacylation of diols in water by methyl benzoyl phosphate (MBP), a typical acyl phosphate monoester, in neutral solutions where reactive amines are protonated and unreactive.

Selectivity of metal binding and metal-induced stability of Escherichia coli NikR.

NikR from Escherichia coli is a nickel-responsive transcription factor that regulates the expression of a nickel ion transporter. Metal analysis reveals that NikR can bind a variety of divalent transition metals, including Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II), and Cd(II). The selectivity of metal binding to NikR was investigated by using electronic absorption spectroscopy and small-molecule competitors.