An engineered thermally tolerant apo-cytochrome scaffold for metal-less incorporation of heme derivative.

Cytochrome c552 from Thermus thermophilus is one of the hot topics for creating smart biomaterials as it possesses remarkable stability, is tolerant to multiple mutations and has therefore been recently reported for a number of functionalizations upon substitution of the original prosthetic group with an artificial prosthetic group. However, all of the substitutions were driven by the coordination through the axial ligands followed by complete reconstitution with a metal-porphyrin complex. This limits the scope of the cytochrome c for incorporating a metal-less non-natural heme species that could improve the versatility of cytochrome c for a new generation of engineered cytochrome proteins for further enhancement in their functionalities such as biocatalysts.

Radical Mediated Rapid Formation of -Type Cytochrome.

A cytochrome mutant from HB8 ( C14A) was reported, where the polypeptide with replaced Cys14 by alanine, overexpressed in the cytosol of . The apo-form of the C14A mutant (apo-C14A) without the original prosthetic group was obtained by simple chemical treatments that retained compact conformation amenable to reconstitution with heme and zinc(II)-protoporphyrin(IX), gradually followed by spontaneous formation of a covalent bond between the polypeptide and porphyrin ring in the reconstituted apo-C14A. Further analysis suggested that the residual Cys11 and vinyl group of the porphyrin ring linked through the thiol-ene reaction promoted by light under ambient conditions.

Synthesis, Molecular Docking Study, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Some Novel 1,3,4-Thiadiazole as Well as 1,3-Thiazole Derivatives Bearing a Pyridine Moiety.

Pyridine, 1,3,4-thiadiazole, and 1,3-thiazole derivatives have various biological activities, such as antimicrobial, analgesic, anticonvulsant, and antitubercular, as well as other anticipated biological properties, including anticancer activity. The starting 1-(3-cyano-4,6-dimethyl-2-oxopyridin-1(2)-yl)-3-phenylthiourea () was prepared and reacted with various hydrazonoyl halides - α-haloketones -, 3-chloropentane-2,4-dione and ethyl 2-chloro-3-oxobutanoate , which afforded the 3-aryl-5-substituted 1,3,4-thiadiazoles - 3-phenyl-4-arylthiazoles - and the 4-methyl-3- phenyl-5-substituted thiazoles , respectively. The structures of the synthesized products were confirmed by spectral data.

Eosin Removal by Cetyl Trimethylammonium-Cloisites: Influence of the Surfactant Solution Type and Regeneration Properties.

The effect of the counteranion of hexadecyltrimethylammonium salts on the physico-chemical properties of organoclays was investigated, using a selected natural clay mineral with a cation exchange capacity of 95 meq/100 g. The uptake amount of C cations was dependent on the hexadecyltrimethylammonium (C) salt solution used, the organoclay prepared from CBr salt solution exhibited a value of 1. 05 mmole/g higher than those prepared from CCl and COH salt solutions.

Removal Properties of Anionic Dye Eosin by Cetyltrimethylammonium Organo-Clays: The Effect of Counter-Ions and Regeneration Studies.

The organo-clays (OCs) were prepared by a cation exchange reaction between surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium, C16TMA) from different counterions (Bromide, Chloride, and Hydroxide). The effect of the counterions was investigated on the physico-chemical properties of the prepared organo-clays. The highest uptake of organic cations (1.

Application of Organo-Magadiites for the Removal of Eosin Dye from Aqueous Solutions: Thermal Treatment and Regeneration.

Na-magadiite exchanged with cetyl-trimethylammonium cations provided organophilic silicate materials that allowed for the effective removal of the acidic dye "eosin". The organic cations were intercalated into the interlayer spacing of the layered silicate via an exchange reaction between the organic cations from their bromide salt and the solid Na-magadiite at room temperature. Different techniques were used to characterize the effect of the initial concentration of the surfactant on the structure of the organo-magadiites.