Chronic inflammation: key player and biomarker-set to predict and prevent cancer development and progression based on individualized patient profiles.

A strong relationship exists between tumor and inflammation, which is the hot point in cancer research. Inflammation can promote the occurrence and development of cancer by promoting blood vessel growth, cancer cell proliferation, and tumor invasiveness, negatively regulating immune response, and changing the efficacy of certain anti-tumor drugs. It has been demonstrated that there are a large number of inflammatory factors and inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment, and tumor-promoting immunity and anti-tumor immunity exist simultaneously in the tumor microenvironment.

Preparation of Mitochondria from Ovarian Cancer Tissues and Control Ovarian Tissues for Quantitative Proteomics Analysis.

Ovarian cancer is a common gynecologic cancer with high mortality but unclear molecular mechanism. Most ovarian cancers are diagnosed in the advanced stage, which seriously hampers therapy. Mitochondrial changes are a hallmark of human ovarian cancers, and mitochondria are the centers of energy metabolism, cell signaling, and oxidative stress.

Quantitative analysis of the human ovarian carcinoma mitochondrial phosphoproteome.

To investigate the existence and their potential biological roles of mitochondrial phosphoproteins (mtPPs) in human ovarian carcinoma (OC), mitochondria purified from OC and control tissues were analyzed with TiO enrichment-based iTRAQ quantitative proteomics. Totally 67 mtPPs with 124 phosphorylation sites were identified, which of them included 48 differential mtPPs (mtDPPs). Eighteen mtPPs were reported previously in OCs, and they were consistent in this study compared to previous literature.

Quantitative Analysis of Ubiquitinated Proteins in Human Pituitary and Pituitary Adenoma Tissues.

Protein ubiquitination is an important post-translational modification that is associated with multiple diseases, including pituitary adenomas (PAs). Protein ubiquitination profiling in human pituitary and PAs remains unknown. Here, we performed the first ubiquitination analysis with an anti-ubiquitin antibody (specific to K-ε-GG)-based label-free quantitative proteomics method and bioinformatics to investigate protein ubiquitination profiling between PA and control tissues.

Prolactin Variants in Human Pituitaries and Pituitary Adenomas Identified With Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry.

Human prolactin (hPRL) plays multiple roles in growth, metabolism, development, reproduction, and immunoregulation, which is an important protein synthesized in a pituitary. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) is an effective method in identity of protein variants for in-depth insight into functions of that protein. 2DE, 2DE-based PRL-immunoblot, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics were used to analyze hPRL variants in human normal (control; = 8) pituitaries and in five subtypes of pituitary adenomas [NF ( = 3)-, FSH ( = 3)-, LH ( = 3)-, FSH/LH ( = 3)-, and PRL ( = 3)-adenomas].

Protein Tyrosine Nitration in Lung Cancer: Current Research Status and Future Perspectives.

Oxidative/nitrative damage is a crucial element among the complex factors that contribute to lung carcinogenesis. Nitric oxide (NO) free radicals, through chemical modifications such as tyrosine nitration, are significantly involved in lung carcinogenesis and metastasis. NO-mediated protein nitration, which is the addition of the nitro group (-NO2) to position 3 of the phenolic ring of a tyrosine residue, is an important molecular event in lung cancer, and has been studied with mass spectrometry.