Outcomes and associated factors of open abdomen after urgent laparotomy at a University Hospital in Southern Brazil: a retrospective study.

Introduction: The technique of open abdomen refers to a surgical procedure that intentionally involves leaving an opening in the abdominal wall. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes, mortality, and morbidity of patients undergoing open abdomen in a public hospital in Brazil and investigate associated risk factors associated with the outcome.

Methods: Data from electronic medical records were collected from 2017 to 2022.

Open or closed abdomen post laparotomy to control severe abdominal sepsis: a survival analysis.

Introduction: severe abdominal sepsis, accompained by diffuse peritonitis, poses a significant challenge for most surgeons. It often requires repetitive surgical interventions, leading to complications and resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. The open abdomen technique, facilitated by applying a negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT), reduces the duration of the initial surgical procedure, minimizes the accumulation of secretions and inflammatory mediators in the abdominal cavity and lowers the risk of abdominal compartment syndrome and its associated complications.

Long-Term Visual Acuity and Optical Coherence Tomography Changes After Vitrectomy for Idiopathic Epiretinal Membranes.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term visual acuity and retinal thickness changes after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERM).

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 72 patients who underwent PPV for idiopathic ERM in a tertiary hospital over 5 consecutive years. The main outcome measurement was change in visual acuity and macular thickness as recorded with optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Abnormal echocardiographic findings after COVID-19 infection: a multicenter registry.

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has transformed health systems worldwide. There is conflicting data regarding the degree of cardiovascular involvement following infection. A registry was designed to evaluate the prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities in adults recovered from COVID-19.

One-Pot Synthesis of Diverse Collections of Benzoxazepine and Indolopyrazine Fused to Heterocyclic Systems.

The development of efficient and modular synthetic methods for the synthesis of diverse collection of privileged substructures needed for a drug design and discovery campaign is highly desirable. Benzoxazepine and indolopyrazine ring systems form the core structures of distinct members of biologically significant molecules. Several members of these families have gained attention due to their broad biological activities, which depend on the type of ring-fusion and peripheral substitution patterns.

Acute Hepatitis and Pneumonitis Caused by Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Infection.

Intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the treatment of choice for superficial bladder carcinoma. We report a case of disseminated BCG infection in an early stage bladder cancer patient that initially presented with hepatitis followed by pneumonitis and sepsis. A complete clinical response was achieved in 14 days with anti-mycobacterial therapy and prednisolone.

Physical inactivity, water intake and constipation as risk factors for colorectal cancer among adults in Jordan.

Background: Physical activity has been found to play a role in cancer prevention. The purpose of this matched case-control study was to investigate the association between physical activity levels, water intake, constipation and colorectal cancer (CRC).

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and thirty-two patients diagnosed with CRC (125 male, 107 female) were enrolled in this case-control study.

Retrospective analysis of missed advanced adenomas on surveillance colonoscopy.

Objective: Miss rates of large polyp/cancer during colonoscopy are reported from tertiary centers where experts do the colonoscopies. This information is important for determining surveillance intervals for repeat colonoscopy, patient safety, and malpractice issues. We evaluated retrospectively the miss rates of advanced adenomas in the setting of a GI fellowship training where most colonoscopies are done by closely supervised fellows.

[Use of health service to children under five years of age in Southern Brazil].

To identify the main determinants of health services utilization by children under five years of age, a population-based study using systematic sampling was conducted in Rio Grande, Southern Brazil. Twelve previously trained interviewers applied a standardized home questionnaire to mothers in order to obtain data on living conditions, medical consultations, and hospitalization for children under five years of age. Among 514 children covered by the study, 50% had required consultation with a physician in the previous three months and 11% had been hospitalized in the previous twelve months.

Immunologic patterns in hemodialysis patients with and without HBV infection.

66 patients from 5 dialysis centers were surveyed for the prevalence of HBV markers. Their immune status was evaluated by studying parameters of cellular and humoral immunity. Results showed that all patients had depressed T cell numbers while B cell counts, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD and C3 levels were normal.

Indomethacin and the nephrotic syndrome.

Treatment of membranous nephropathy and the nephrotic syndrome with 2 mg/kg/day of indomethacin resulted in prompt and sustained reduction in urinary protein excretion and the loss of edema fluid, which allowed the withdrawal of diuretic therapy and liberalization of salt intake. The reduction in proteinuria was paralleled by a decrease in urinary prostaglandin E (PGE) and F (PGF) levels. Plasma PGE and PGF levels did not change appreciably.

Complement metabolism in man: hypercatabolism of the fourth (C4) and third (C3) components in patients with renal allograft rejection and hereditary, angioedema (HAE).

Highly purified and radioiodinated human C4 and (or) C3 were administered to patients with renal allografts in rejection, with hereditary angioedema (HAE), with chronic glomerulonephritis, and to control subjects. The latter group included normal individuals, anephric patients before transplantation, and stable renal allograft recipients. The catabolic rates of these complement proteins were determined by analysis of the disappearance of plasma protein-bound radioactivity (k(m)), and by direct measurement of urinary excretion of radioactivity (k(u)).