Performance of standard systematic biopsy versus MRI/TRUS fusion biopsy using the Navigo® system in contemporary cohort.

Introduction: The introduction of multi parameter magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the prostate in combination with MRI/TRUS fusion and systematic biopsy resulted in improved detection of prostate cancer. The aim of the current study was to document the performance of MRI/TRUS fusion biopsy of the prostate using the Navigo™ software in a contemporary cohort of patients from nonreferral centers.

Material And Methods: We performed a two centers prospective data collection (2014-2020) for men with clinically suspected Pca and patients on active surveillance for low-risk Pca that were referred for TRUS biopsy after performing mpMRI of the prostate with a visible lesion.

Large-scale functional inference for skin-expressing lncRNAs using expression and sequence information.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate the expression of protein-coding genes and have been shown to play important roles in inflammatory skin diseases. However, we still have limited understanding of the functional impact of lncRNAs in skin, partly due to their tissue specificity and lower expression levels compared with protein-coding genes. We compiled a comprehensive list of 18,517 lncRNAs from different sources and studied their expression profiles in 834 RNA-Seq samples from multiple inflammatory skin conditions and cytokine-stimulated keratinocytes.

A Rare Case of Hydrophilic Polymer Embolization After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Endovascular procedures that use a hydrophilic polymer-coated device carry a risk of embolization and ischemic complications when used intravascularly. Because these coatings are increasingly used worldwide, it is important to identify potential adverse effects early. Cutaneous complications of hydrophilic polymer emboli are rare and not commonly described in the literature.

Skin-Expressing lncRNAs in Inflammatory Responses.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have attracted attention for their potential roles in modulating keratinocyte differentiation and inflammatory response; however, for many identified skin-expressing lncRNAs, there is no comprehensive characterization regarding their biological roles. In addition, the reported expression profiles for lncRNAs can be ambiguous due to their low-expressing nature. The objective of this review is to utilize large scale genomic data to characterize the prominent skin-expressing lncRNAs, aiming to provide additional insights for their potential roles in the pathology of inflammatory skin of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis by integrating and data.

Patient- and Family-centered Rounding: A Single-site Look into the Room.

Introduction: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends Patient- and Family-centered Rounds (PFCRs) to improve communication between the healthcare team and families while allowing the latter to participate in medical decision-making. PFCRs have a secondary goal of increasing rounds' efficiency and providing a positive learning environment for residents and students. There are many published best practices for PFCR.

Taking the Pain out of Somatization: Development and Implementation of a Hospital-Based Clinical Practice Guideline to Address Pediatric Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders.

Objectives: The diagnostic category of somatic symptom and related disorders (SSRDs), although common, is often poorly recognized and suboptimally managed in inpatient pediatric care. Little literature exists to address SSRDs in the inpatient pediatric setting. The purpose of the study was to characterize current SSRD practice, identify problem areas in workflow, and develop a standardized approach to inpatient evaluation and management at a tertiary care academic children's hospital.

Progression of acute-to-chronic atopic dermatitis is associated with quantitative rather than qualitative changes in cytokine responses.

Background: Although multiple studies have assessed molecular changes in chronic atopic dermatitis (AD) lesions, little is known about the transition from acute to chronic disease stages, and the factors and mechanisms that shape chronic inflammatory activity.

Objectives: We sought to assess the global transcriptome changes that characterize the progression from acute to chronic stages of AD.

Methods: We analyzed transcriptome changes in paired nonlesional skin, acute and chronic AD lesions from 11 patients and 38 healthy controls by RNA-sequencing, and conducted in vivo and histological assays to evaluate findings.

Firearms Screening in the Pediatric Inpatient Setting.

Objectives: Firearm-related deaths remain a top cause of mortality in American children and adolescents. In a 2012 policy statement, the American Academy of Pediatrics urged pediatricians to incorporate questions about the availability of firearms into their patient history taking. We aim to evaluate the frequency of screening for home firearms in an academic tertiary-care hospital inpatient setting.

Factors influencing plasma transfusion practices in paediatric intensive care units around the world.

Background And Objectives: Plasma transfusions are a frequent treatment worldwide, but many studies have reported a wide variation in the indications to transfuse. Recently, an international paediatric study also showed wide variation in frequency in the use of plasma transfusions: 25% of the centres transfused plasma to >5% of their patients, whereas another 25% transfused plasma to <1% of their patients. The objective of this study was to explore the factors associated with different plasma transfusion practices in these centres.

Performance of the PEdiatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 score in critically ill children requiring plasma transfusions.

Background: Organ dysfunction scores, based on physiological parameters, have been created to describe organ failure. In a general pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) population, the PEdiatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 score (PELOD-2) score had both a good discrimination and calibration, allowing to describe the clinical outcome of critically ill children throughout their stay. This score is increasingly used in clinical trials in specific subpopulation.

Indications and Effects of Plasma Transfusions in Critically Ill Children.

Rationale: Plasma transfusions are frequently prescribed for critically ill children, although their indications lack a strong evidence base. Plasma transfusions are largely driven by physician conceptions of need, and these are poorly documented in pediatric intensive care patients.

Objectives: To identify patient characteristics and to characterize indications leading to plasma transfusions in critically ill children, and to assess the effect of plasma transfusions on coagulation tests.

Journey from pediatric intensive care to palliative care.

Background: Approximately two-thirds of patients who die in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) do so following withdrawal of intensive care treatment. Most often when intensive care treatment is withdrawn, the child remains in the PICU for end-of-life care.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the process of referral over a 6-year period of children from a PICU to children's hospices for end-of-life care.

A novel approach for a complete laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision.

Background And Purpose: The dilemma in management of the distal ureter and bladder cuff during nephroureterectomy (NU) for transitional-cell carcinoma (TCC) of the upper urinary tract has delayed the development of a completely minimally invasive approach to NU in cases of TCC. Our aim is to present our technique of a purely laparoscopic nephroureterectomy performed entirely through laparoscopic ports, which mimics established principles of open surgical nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision. Precluding the needed for patient repositioning, complex endoscopic procedures either before or after nephrectomy and leaving the bladder cuff defect to heal spontaneously.

Optimizing the approach for lymph node dissection during laparoscopic radical cystectomy.

Background: Lymph node dissection (LND) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer is one of the integral steps of radical cystectomy. In addition to staging, adequate LND has been found to alter both the prognosis for and the course of the disease after radical cystectomy.

Objective: To point out several essential steps that provide optimal exposure for LND during laparoscopic radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Enterobacter cloacae: an "ICU bug" causing community acquired necrotizing meningo-encephalitis.

Enterobacter cloacae is a gram negative bacillus that is ubiquitous as a contaminant and a pathogen in adult, paediatric, and neonatal ICUs. Its transmission is almost exclusively nosocomial with community acquired infection reported rarely. We report a case of community acquired, rapidly progressive E.

Potentiation of 2-methoxyestradiol-induced cytotoxicity by blocking endothelin A receptor in prostate cancer cells.

Background: 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2) is an antitumoral and antiangiogenic compound that inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1, a key regulator of the hypoxic response that promotes tumor progression. HIF-1alpha, the regulated subunit of HIF-1, is overexpressed in premalignant, cancerous and metastatic lesions of prostate. Endothelin (ET)-1 is a HIF target gene and one that plays an important role during prostate bone metastasis via its interaction with endothelin A (ET(A)) receptor.

[The role of nonoperative management of penetrating renal trauma].

Introduction: Penetrating renal trauma has been treated traditionally by renal exploration. In view of the successful outcome of nonoperative treatment of major blunt renal trauma, there has been a gradual shift in the approach to penetrating renal injuries, in selected cases. This study reviews the local experience with the conservative approach to penetrating renal injuries.

Near-fatal grape aspiration with complicating acute lung injury successfully treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Objective: In this report of a near-fatal case of grape aspiration successfully treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), we highlight the danger of feeding seedless grapes to young children and demonstrate that ECMO can provide cardiopulmonary support for cases of acquired large-airway disruption and can facilitate therapeutic intervention.

Design: Case report.

Setting: A tertiary pediatric intensive care unit and ECMO center.

The ABCs of recording paediatric cardiac arrests.

Objective: To examine the quality and comprehensiveness of documentation in Paediatric 'cardiac arrests'.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care hospital wards, Paediatric Intensive Care and Accident and Emergency department.

Survey of the use of intracranial pressure monitoring in children in the United Kingdom.

Objective: To establish current practice for the monitoring and management of acute intracranial hypertension in children in United Kingdom intensive care units (ICUs).

Design: Postal questionnaire, targetted by prior telephone survey, to all ICUs admitting five or more children per annum with acute neurological illness.

Results: Of the units contacted 70 % responded, approximately one-half of which reported the use of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring.

Cardiac tamponade after varicella infection.

Unlabelled: Infection with varicella zoster virus is common in childhood and generally associated with few complications. Myopericarditis following varicella infection is rare but may result in severe rhythm disturbances and congestive cardiac failure. The case is presented of a 4-month-old infant presenting with a large pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade 2 weeks after the onset of a varicella exanthem.