Resident encounters with disruptive workplace behaviours in Japan: findings from a national cross-sectional study.

Importance: Disruptive workplace behaviours (DWBs) between healthcare professionals compromise patient care quality and organisational culture, impacting staff morale, communication and teamwork. Residents are particularly vulnerable to it from nurses and supervisors.

Objective: Elucidate factors associated with DWBs experienced by residents.

Empowering Medical Students to Address Patient-Initiated Mistreatment at the Transition to Residency: An Education Quality Improvement Study.

Background: Mistreatment from patients is prevalent and has far-reaching negative consequences.

Aim: To develop a practice-based curriculum on patient-initiated mistreatment and examine participant perceptions before and after the curriculum.

Setting: Single medical school in the United States.

Enhancing an Experience-Based Patient-Initiated Mistreatment Training.

Problem: Mistreatment of health care workers and learners by patients and their families is prevalent at all levels of training. This mistreatment has negative consequences and disproportionately affects women and historically marginalized and excluded groups.

Approach: The authors designed and piloted a preliminary practice-based curriculum consisting of a discussion of literature, a framework for responding to mistreatment in the moment, and interactive simulated mistreatment encounters with trained patient actors.

One Pump at a Time: A Wearable Lactation Pump Pilot for Graduate Medical Education Trainees.

Despite the known benefits of lactation, lactating graduate medical education (GME) trainees encounter difficulties when returning to work. Wearable lactation pumps are known to be beneficial in lactating physicians, but the benefit for GME trainees in clinical care and education has not been explored. The objective of this study was to examine the benefits of wearable lactation pumps on education and clinical care for GME trainees.

Advancing Equity: Understanding, Addressing, and Mitigating Bias in Assessment in Medical Education.

Despite the growing presence of women and historically underrepresented groups in academic medicine, significant disparities remain. This article examines a key aspect of these disparities: biases in assessment and learning environments. Reviewing current literature, including in OBGYN, reveals persistent gender and racial biases in subjective clinical narrative assessments.

Lentiviral mediated delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 reduces intraocular pressure in a mouse model of myocilin glaucoma.

Mutations in myocilin (MYOC) are the leading known genetic cause of primary open-angle glaucoma, responsible for about 4% of all cases. Mutations in MYOC cause a gain-of-function phenotype in which mutant myocilin accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) leading to ER stress and trabecular meshwork (TM) cell death. Therefore, knocking out myocilin at the genome level is an ideal strategy to permanently cure the disease.

POMC Neuron BBSome Regulation of Body Weight is Independent of its Ciliary Function.

The BBSome, a complex of several Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins including BBS1, has emerged as a critical regulator of energy homeostasis. Although the BBSome is best known for its involvement in cilia trafficking, through a process that involve BBS3, it also regulates the localization of cell membrane receptors underlying metabolic regulation. Here, we show that inducible gene deletion selectively in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons cause a gradual increase in body weight, which was associated with higher fat mass.

Lentiviral mediated delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 reduces intraocular pressure in a mouse model of myocilin glaucoma.

Mutations in myocilin () are the leading known genetic cause of primary open-angle glaucoma, responsible for about 4% of all cases. Mutations in cause a gain-of-function phenotype in which mutant myocilin accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) leading to ER stress and trabecular meshwork (TM) cell death. Therefore, knocking out myocilin at the genome level is an ideal strategy to permanently cure the disease.

Differences in the resident encounter of disruptive behavior by gender.

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of gender-based differences in disruptive behaviors (DBs) among trainee physicians to shed light on the extent and nature of the problem. Using a national cross-sectional design, data were collected through a web-based, self-administered questionnaire administered to post-graduate first-year (PGY1) and second-year (PGY2) residents participating in the General Medicine Intermittent Examination (GM-ITE). A total of 5,403 participants, representing a response rate of 71.

Gender Disparity in Teaching Evaluations of Pediatric Faculty by Residents.

Objectives: Despite their overrepresentation, female physicians continue to have lower rates of promotion compared with male physicians. Teaching evaluations play a role in physician advancement. Few studies have investigated gender disparity in resident evaluations of pediatric faculty.

Important Leadership Skills and Benefits of Shared Leadership Training for Chief Residents: A Delphi Analysis.

Background: Chief residents (CRs) have pivotal educational and leadership roles in residency programs. The necessary CR leadership skills that transcend specialties have not been defined and most training on these skills occurs in silo.

Objective: The primary goal was to define leadership skills important for the general CR role.

Subretinal gene therapy delays vision loss in a Bardet-Biedl Syndrome type 10 mouse model.

Blindness in Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is caused by dysfunction and loss of photoreceptor cells in the retina. , mutations of which account for approximately 21% of all BBS cases, encodes a chaperonin protein indispensable for the assembly of the BBSome, a cargo adaptor important for ciliary trafficking. The loss of BBSome function in the eye causes a reduced light sensitivity of photoreceptor cells, photoreceptor ciliary malformation, dysfunctional ciliary trafficking, and photoreceptor cell death.

The BBSome regulates mitochondria dynamics and function.

Objective: The essential role of mitochondria in regulation of metabolic function and other physiological processes has garnered enormous interest in understanding the mechanisms controlling the function of this organelle. We assessed the role of the BBSome, a protein complex composed of eight Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins, in the control of mitochondria dynamic and function.

Methods: We used a multidisciplinary approach that include CRISPR/Cas9 technology-mediated generation of a stable Bbs1 gene knockout hypothalamic N39 neuronal cell line.

Gendered Language in Letters of Recommendation for Applicants to Pulmonary Critical Care Fellowships.

Background: Previous work has demonstrated letters of recommendation for women in academic medicine are shorter and emphasize communal traits over grindstone or agentic traits.

Objective: To determine if there are sex-based differences in letters of recommendation written for applicants applying to pulmonary critical care medicine fellowships and if the sex of the letter writer impacts these differences.

Methods: All fellowship applications submitted to a pulmonary critical care medicine fellowship program in 2020 were included in this study.

Progressive retinal degeneration of rods and cones in a Bardet-Biedl syndrome type 10 mouse model.

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a multi-organ autosomal-recessive disorder caused by mutations in at least 22 different genes. A constant feature is early-onset retinal degeneration leading to blindness. Among the most common forms is BBS type 10 (BBS10), which is caused by mutations in a gene encoding a chaperonin-like protein.

Consensus Recommendation for Mouse Models of Ocular Hypertension to Study Aqueous Humor Outflow and Its Mechanisms.

Due to their similarities in anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology to humans, mice are a valuable model system to study the generation and mechanisms modulating conventional outflow resistance and thus intraocular pressure. In addition, mouse models are critical for understanding the complex nature of conventional outflow homeostasis and dysfunction that results in ocular hypertension. In this review, we describe a set of minimum acceptable standards for developing, characterizing, and utilizing mouse models of open-angle ocular hypertension.

Retinal ciliopathies through the lens of Bardet-Biedl Syndrome: Past, present and future.

The primary cilium is a highly specialized and evolutionary conserved organelle in eukaryotes that plays a significant role in cell signaling and trafficking. Over the past few decades tremendous progress has been made in understanding the physiology of cilia and the underlying pathomechanisms of various ciliopathies. Syndromic ciliopathies consist of a group of disorders caused by ciliary dysfunction or abnormal ciliogenesis.