Students' perceptions of their STEM learning environment.

Australia's economic need for innovation has led to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education becoming an essential investment for the future. This study utilised a mixed-methods approach involving a pre-validated quantitative questionnaire together with qualitative semi-structured focus groups with students across four Year 5 classrooms. Students provided their perceptions of their STEM learning environment and their interactions with their teacher to identify factors influencing their engagement for pursuing these disciplines.

A NEW SPECIES OF PROSOGONOTREMA (SCLERODISTOMIDAE: PROSOGONOTREMATINAE) FROM THE FLATHEAD GREY MULLET, MUGIL CEPHALUS LINNAEUS (MUGILIFORMES: MUGILIDAE), FROM THE ARABIAN GULF OFF IRAQ.

Prosogonotrema iraqiense n. sp. (Sclerodistomidae: Prosogonotrematinae) is described in the flathead grey mullet, Mugil cephalus Linnaeus (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae), collected from the Arabian Gulf off Iraq during June and October 2019.

Longitudinal Analysis of Disease Burden in Refractory and Nonrefractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis in the United States.

Objective: To compare temporal trends in clinical and health care resource utilization (HRU) outcomes in people with refractory and nonrefractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of data from adults with gMG in the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America Patient Registry. gMG status (ever-refractory or always nonrefractory) and clinical (Myasthenia Gravis-Activities of Daily Living [MG-ADL] scores, exacerbations) and HRU outcomes were determined from questionnaires self-completed 6-monthly for up to 4 years.

Investigation of an Accidental Radiological Release in an Underground Disposal Facility.

A radioactive release took place at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant near Carlsbad, New Mexico, on 14 February 2014. An alarm from a Continuous Air Monitor caused a switch from unfiltered to filtered air exiting the facility through High-Efficiency Particulate Arrestance filters. The activity measured on the filters demonstrated first order decay, indicating that the release was a single release.

Losses of surface runoff, total solids, and nitrogen during bermudagrass establishment on levee embankments.

Nutrient and sediment runoff from newly constructed levee embankments pose a threat to water quality during soft armor vegetation establishment. Research was initiated in 2008 and 2009 to evaluate the effect of bermudagrass ( L.) coverage and N source on nutrient and sediment runoff from levee embankments during establishment.

Contempt and defensiveness in couple relationships related to childhood sexual abuse histories for self and partner.

This study examined the relationship between a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) for one or both members of a romantic couple and perceptions of contempt and defensiveness for self and partner. Data from the Relationship Evaluation (RELATE) were analyzed for 10,061 couples. The findings suggest that when either or both partner(s) has a history of CSA, contempt and defensiveness in the couple relationship are greater than when neither reports a history of CSA.

Older couples' management of multiple-chronic illnesses: Individual and shared perceptions and coping in Type 2 diabetes and osteoarthritis.

Using data from interviews with 28 older couples in which 1 spouse was diagnosed with diabetes and osteoarthritis, we examined illness perceptions and coping activities as they relate to illness management and relationship resilience. Qualitative analysis of interview transcripts revealed categories of data related to perceptions, coping, and cross category comparisons. Findings suggest that couples experience both negative and positive perceptions of their illnesses, indicating a balance between the reality of their illness challenges and an optimistic outlook of the future.

Macroscopic and microscopic variation in recovered magnesium phosphate materials: implications for phosphorus removal processes and product re-use.

Phosphorus (P) recovery and re-use will become increasingly important for water quality protection and sustainable nutrient cycling as environmental regulations become stricter and global P reserves decline. The objective of this study was to examine and characterize several magnesium phosphates recovered from actual wastewater under field conditions. Three types of particles were examined including crystalline magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (struvite) recovered from dairy wastewater, crystalline magnesium ammonium phosphate hydrate (dittmarite) recovered from a food processing facility, and a heterogeneous product also recovered from dairy wastewater.

Revival of extinct species using nuclear transfer: hope for the mammoth, true for the Pyrenean ibex, but is it time for "conservation cloning"?

Recent accomplishments in the fields of nuclear transfer and genomics, such as the cloned offspring production from frozen mouse cells, cryopreserved at not too low temperatures without cryoprotectors; or the sequencing of wooly mammoth genome, have opened the opportunity for the revival of extinct species. As expected, they are receiving a lot of publicity in the media and also scientific attention. Furthermore, it was recently published the "revival" of the first extinct subspecie: the Pyrenean ibex (Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica), a wild goat extinct in 2000.

Decision process to assess medical equipment for hyperbaric use.

There are very few items of medical equipment specifically designed for hyperbaric use; and little information is available about medical equipment already tested for hyperbaric use. Hyperbaricists are usually left to their own devices in making a determination about the safe and effective use of standard medical equipment in the hyperbaric setting. This article proposes a logical and systematic process to arrive at this determination.

Alzheimer's presenilin 1 modulates sorting of APP and its carboxyl-terminal fragments in cerebral neurons in vivo.

Studies in continuously cultured cells have established that familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) mutant presenilin 1 (PS1) delays exit of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) from the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Here we report the first description of PS1-regulated APP trafficking in cerebral neurons in culture and in vivo. Using neurons from transgenic mice or a cell-free APP transport vesicle biogenesis system derived from the TGN of those neurons, we demonstrated that knocking-in an FAD-associated mutant PS1 transgene was associated with delayed kinetics of APP arrival at the cell surface.

Are prenatal psychological or physical stressors associated with suboptimal outcomes in neonates born to adolescent mothers?

Examined whether prenatal psychological stress and/or physical stress were associated with suboptimal neonatal outcomes in a pilot study of adolescent mothers (n=20). The results provide preliminary support for associations between prenatal psychological stress and little evidence for the association between prenatal physical stress and suboptimal neonatal outcomes.

Affective empathy deficits in aggressive children and adolescents: a critical review.

Aggressive children and adolescents are often hypothesized to have lower levels of empathy than comparable nonaggressive peers. A review of 17 studies examining the relationship between affective empathy and aggressive or delinquent behavior was conducted to determine the validity of this hypothesis. The studies offered conflicting findings, even when the measures of empathy were identical across studies.

17beta-Estradiol promotes striatal medium size spiny neuronal maturation in vitro.

Gender differences exist in the development of the nigrostriatal dopamine system, and in the incidence and course of pediatric and adult neuropsychiatric diseases in which this system is implicated. The medium size spiny neuron (MSN) is the major output neuron of the caudate nucleus. It receives a large dopaminergic input from the substantia nigra, and 96% of the MSNs express DARPP-32, a dopamine and cyclic AMP-regulated phosphoprotein and key mediator of dopamine function.

Cephalometric evaluation of the craniofacial complex in patients treated with an intraoral distraction osteogenesis device: a preliminary report.

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate cephalometrically the efficacy of an intraoral distraction osteogenesis device in treating patients with unilateral mandibular hypoplasia. Six patients with hemifacial microsomia underwent unilateral mandibular distraction. Posteroanterior and 45 degrees lateral oblique cephalograms were measured, and changes in maxillary width and height, occlusal height, ramus height, mandibular length, and chin position were quantified.

Human Alu element retrotransposition induced by genotoxic stress.

Alu elements are found exclusively in primate species and comprise over 10% of the human genome. To better define the mechanisms responsible for Alu replication, we introduced a human Alu element into mouse cells. We report that Alu retrotransposition can be induced in mouse cells by exposure to the topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide and is mediated in trans by endogenous mouse long interspersed elements (LINEs).

Plasticity of glutamate and GABAA receptors in the hippocampus of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Aim: In Alzheimer's disease (AD) it is well known that specific regions of the brain are particularly vulnerable to the pathologic insults of the disease. In particular, the hippocampus is affected very early in the disease and by end stage AD is ravaged by neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques (i.e.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor usage patterns as risk factors for hospitalization.

The authors examined how differences in SSRI utilization affect the risk of hospitalization among persons with depression. In particular, they decompose how different types of drug therapy affect hospitalization and how that effect varies with the usage pattern of the drug. Using retrospective medical and pharmacy claims from a Midwestern health maintenance organization, they employed multiple logistic regression analyses of patients newly treated for depression.

Beam-halo measurements in high-current proton beams.

We present results from an experimental study of the beam halo in a high-current 6.7-MeV proton beam propagating through a 52-quadrupole periodic-focusing channel. The gradients of the first four quadrupoles were independently adjusted to match or mismatch the injected beam.

Spatial and time distribution of dairy cattle excreta in an intensive pasture system.

This study determined distribution of feces and urine from 36 lactating dairy cattle (Bos taurus) managed in a rotationally grazed 0.74-ha endophyte-free tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)-white clover (Trifolium repens L.

Migraine prevalence: a literature review.

Worldwide epidemiological studies provide estimates of migraine prevalence. The International Headache Society (IHS) diagnostic criteria have permitted more reliable and generalizable study estimates. In this review, recent population-based reports of IHS-defined migraine are discussed to update the current epidemiological literature, to highlight methodological challenges, and to encourage greater public awareness of this frequently undiagnosed disabling disorder.

Distribution of glutamate receptor subunit NMDAR1 in the hippocampus of normal elderly and patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Immunocytochemical techniques were employed to study the distribution and cytological features of NMDAR1-immunoreactive elements in the human hippocampal formation. Subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD), presenting with a wide range of neuropathology and classified into six Braak stage (I-VI), and nondemented age-matched controls were examined. In control cases, the most intense NMDAR1 immunoreactivity was observed within the soma and dendrites of granule cells in the dentate gyrus and pyramidal neurons in Ammon's horn.