Black-White and Country of Birth Disparities in Retention in HIV Care and Viral Suppression among Latinos with HIV in Florida, 2015.

The study's purpose was to identify HIV, Black-White race, and birth country disparities in retention in HIV care and HIV viral load (VL) suppression among Latinos, in 2015. Florida's surveillance data for Latinos diagnosed with HIV (2000-2014) were merged with American Community Survey data. Multi-level (random effects) models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for non-retention in care and non-viral load suppression.

The Changing Phenotype of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

It is widely known that there have been improvements in patient care and an increased incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) worldwide in recent decades. However, less well known are the phenotypic changes that have occurred; these are discussed in this review. Namely, we discuss the emergence of obesity in patients with IBD, elderly onset disease, mortality rates, colorectal cancer risk, the burden of medications and comorbidities, and the improvement in surgical treatment with a decrease in surgical rates in recent decades.

Offending Behavior, Drug Use, and Mental Health Among Foreign-Born versus U.S. Born Latino Criminal Justice Clients.

Little is known about the offending behavior and recidivism factors of Latinos by nativity (U.S. born, foreign-born).

Levels and determinants of tree pollen in New York City.

Exposure to allergenic tree pollen is a risk factor for multiple allergic disease outcomes. Little is known about how tree pollen levels vary within cities and whether such variation affects the development or exacerbation of allergic disease. Accordingly, we collected integrated pollen samples at uniform height at 45 sites across New York City during the 2013 pollen season.

The Depression Inventory Development Workgroup: A Collaborative, Empirically Driven Initiative to Develop a New Assessment Tool for Major Depressive Disorder.

The Depression Inventory Development project is an initiative of the International Society for CNS Drug Development whose goal is to develop a comprehensive and psychometrically sound measurement tool to be utilized as a primary endpoint in clinical trials for major depressive disorder. Using an iterative process between field testing and psychometric analysis and drawing upon expertise of international researchers in depression, the Depression Inventory Development team has established an empirically driven and collaborative protocol for the creation of items to assess symptoms in major depressive disorder. Depression-relevant symptom clusters were identified based on expert clinical and patient input.

Associations Among Neighborhood Characteristics and Sexual Risk Behavior Among Black and White MSM Living in a Major Urban Area.

Identifying neighborhood characteristics associated with sexual HIV risk behavior among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM) living in urban areas may inform the development of policies and programs to reduce risk and subsequently HIV prevalence in urban areas. New York City M2M was a cross-sectional study designed to identify neighborhood-level characteristics associated with sexual risk behaviors among MSM living in New York City. This paper presents results of an analysis of neighborhood-level indicators of three distinct social theories of influence of the neighborhood environment on human behavior: physical disorder, social disorganization and social norms theories.

Support for using five attributes to describe spirituality among families with a parent in hospice.

Objective: The importance of spirituality in the dying process is well documented. However, what spirituality means in these situations is hard to discern because few people (patients, families, researchers, or caregivers) will view spirituality in the same way. The present research supports the use of a spiritual framework consisting of five common attributes (meaning, beliefs, connections, self-transcendence, and value) as a mechanism for viewing spirituality for people nearing the end of life.

Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography.

Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) is a form of high-performance chromatography that takes advantage of the high resolution made possible by small-diameter stationary phases. It was originally developed for proteins and features high loading capacity, biocompatible aqueous buffer systems, fast flow rates, and availability of stationary phases in most common chromatography modes (e.g.

Blepharochalasis: something to cry about.

Blepharochalasis is a rare disorder of unknown etiology defined by loose, atrophic periorbital skin following recurrent episodes of eyelid edema. Characteristic histopathology shows complete absence of elastic fibers. The current case progressed after multiple episodes of crying, which may be related to matrix metalloproteinase dysregulation.

Altered Morphology and Immunohistochemical Characteristics in Metastatic Malignant Melanoma After Therapy With Vemurafenib.

Metastatic melanoma is traditionally diagnosed using classic morphologic features in addition to immunohistochemical studies. The authors report a case of metastatic malignant melanoma where both morphology and immunohistochemistry were altered after treatment. This 51-year-old patient presented with metastatic melanoma to the brain and axilla.

Respiratory Care Received by Individuals With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy From 2000 to 2011.

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) causes progressive respiratory muscle weakness and decline in function, which can go undetected without monitoring. DMD respiratory care guidelines recommend scheduled respiratory assessments and use of respiratory assist devices. To determine the extent of adherence to these guidelines, we evaluated respiratory assessments and interventions among males with DMD in the Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network (MD STARnet) from 2000 to 2011.

Improving children's health and development in British Columbia through nurse home visiting: a randomized controlled trial protocol.

Background: Nurse-Family Partnership is a nurse home visitation program that aims to improve the lives of young mothers and their children. The program focuses on women who are parenting for the first time and experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage. Nurse visits start as early in pregnancy as possible and continue until the child reaches age two years.

Neighborhood Physical Disorder in New York City.

Neighborhood physical disorder, or the deterioration of urban environments, is associated with negative mental and physical health outcomes. Eleven trained raters used CANVAS, a web-based system for conducting reliable virtual street audits, to collect data on nine indicators of physical disorder using Google Street View imagery of 532 block faces in New York City, New York, USA. We combined the block face indicator data into a disorder scale using item response theory; indicators ranged in severity from presence of litter, a weak indicator of disorder, to abandoned cars, a strong indicator.

Apparatus for testing gas-surface reactions for epicatalysis.

Recently, a new mode of gas-surface heterogeneous catalysis (epicatalysis) has been identified, having potential applications ranging from industrial and green chemistry to novel forms of power generation. This article describes an inexpensive, easily constructed, vacuum-compatible apparatus by which multiple candidate gas-surface combinations can be rapidly screened for epicatalytic activity. In exploratory experiments, candidate surfaces (teflon, kapton, glass, and gold) and gases (helium, argon, cyclohexane, water, methanol, formic acid, and acetic acid) were tested for epicatalytic activity.

Importance of Restoring Function in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder.

Patients with depression experience symptoms that hinder their ability to function at home, at work, and in social settings. Even when mood symptoms improve, patients' function may not return to normal. Clinicians must make restoration of function a treatment goal along with symptom remission.

Racial/ethnic disparities in delayed HIV diagnosis among men who have sex with men, Florida, 2000-2014.

Only about 85% of men who have sex with men (MSM) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been tested for and diagnosed with HIV. Racial/ethnic disparities in HIV risk and HIV care outcomes exist within MSM. We examined racial/ethnic disparities in delayed HIV diagnosis among MSM.

Time Cells in Hippocampal Area CA3.

Unlabelled: Studies on time cells in the hippocampus have so far focused on area CA1 in animals performing memory tasks. Some studies have suggested that temporal processing within the hippocampus may be exclusive to CA1 and CA2, but not CA3, and may occur only under strong demands for memory. Here we examined the temporal and spatial coding properties of CA3 and CA1 neurons in rats performing a maze task that demanded working memory and a control task with no explicit working memory demand.

Combined Biomarker and Computed Tomography Screening Strategies for Lung Cancer: Projections of Health and Economic Tradeoffs in the US Population.

Background: Lung cancer screening with computed tomography (CT) of individuals who meet certain age and smoking history criteria is the current standard-of-care.

Methods: Using a published simulation model, we compared outcomes associated with seven biomarker+CT screening strategies to CT screening alone using CMS eligibility criteria. We assumed that the biomarker: had conditionally independent performance; was used for first-line screening in some, or all, individuals screened; and could be extended to CMS-ineligible smokers.

Brexpiprazole as an adjunctive treatment in young adults with major depressive disorder who are in a school or work environment.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common, debilitating disorder with substantial socioeconomic burden. Many patients with MDD experience symptoms that impair functioning and productivity, often negatively affecting work or educational pursuits. This Phase 3b open-label study evaluated adjunctive brexpiprazole in young adults with MDD, who were in work or study.

Efficacy and Safety of Vilazodone in Patients With Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Flexible-Dose Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of vilazodone as an acute treatment for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Vilazodone is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder in adults.

Methods: This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter, flexible-dose study conducted from May 2013-March 2014.

Immigration Stress and Alcohol Use Severity Among Recently Immigrated Hispanic Adults: Examining Moderating Effects of Gender, Immigration Status, and Social Support.

Objective: Identifying and understanding determinants of alcohol use behavior among Hispanic immigrants is an increasingly significant public health concern. Although prior research has examined associations of cultural stressors with alcohol use among Hispanics, few studies have tested these associations among recent adult immigrants. As such, this study aimed to examine (a) the association of immigration stress on alcohol use severity among recently immigrated Hispanic adults (≤ 1 year in the United States) and (b) the moderating effects of gender, immigration status, and social support.

Neuronal activity mediated regulation of glutamate transporter GLT-1 surface diffusion in rat astrocytes in dissociated and slice cultures.

The astrocytic GLT-1 (or EAAT2) is the major glutamate transporter for clearing synaptic glutamate. While the diffusion dynamics of neurotransmitter receptors at the neuronal surface are well understood, far less is known regarding the surface trafficking of transporters in subcellular domains of the astrocyte membrane. Here, we have used live-cell imaging to study the mechanisms regulating GLT-1 surface diffusion in astrocytes in dissociated and brain slice cultures.

Individual and Neighborhood Determinants of Late HIV Diagnosis Among Latinos, Florida, 2007-2011.

The objective of this study was to examine individual and neighborhood determinants of late HIV diagnosis by gender and birthplace among Latinos. Florida HIV surveillance data for 2007-2011 were merged with American Community Survey data to estimate the odds of late HIV diagnosis (AIDS within 3 months of HIV diagnosis). Of 5522 HIV-positive Latinos, 26.

Microbial contributions to chronic inflammation and metabolic disease.

Purpose Of Review: It is long known that immune and metabolic cascades intersect at various cross-points. More recently, the regulatory influence of the microbiota on both of these cascades has emerged. Advances with therapeutic implications for chronic immunologic and metabolic disorders are examined.