Prioritizing Quality over Quantity: Defining Optimal Pharmacist-to-Patient Ratios to Ensure Comprehensive Direct Patient Care in a Medical or Surgical Unit.

Background: The expanding scope of practice of hospital pharmacists has contributed to improvements in patient care; however, workload remains a barrier to the provision of optimal pharmaceutical care. Established ratios to guide clinical pharmacy staffing on medical and surgical units are lacking in Canada.

Objectives: To determine the pharmacist-to-patient ratio that allows for provision of comprehensive pharmaceutical care to each patient on a medical or surgical unit and to determine which comprehensive care tasks can be delivered in settings where staffing is limited.

Pattern of acquisition of hospital-associated pathogens in the ICU of an academic tertiary care hospital.

Background: Among hospitalized patients, a 48-hour window from time of hospitalization defines nosocomial infections and guides empiric antibiotic selection. This time frame may lead to overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Our primary objective was to determine the earliest and median time since hospital admission to acquire antibiotic-resistant pathogens among patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of an academic, tertiary care hospital.