Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles via Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Mitochondrial Pathway in Human Breast Cancer Cells.

Due to their exceptional physicochemical features, green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been of considerable interest in cancer treatment. In the present study, for the first time, we aimed to green synthesize AgNPs from Euphorbia retusa and explore their anticancer potential on human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. First, the green synthesized AgNPs (EU-AgNPs) were well characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR) spectrum, XRD, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), and EDX techniques.

Chemical and Biological Characterization of the Ethyl Acetate Fraction from the Red Sea Marine Sponge sp.

is one of the largest families of marine sponges and stands out as an exceptional source of variable metabolites with diverse biological activities. In this study, the ethyl acetate fraction (HE) of a sp. marine sponge from the Red Sea, Egypt, was analyzed for the first time using Ultra-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis.

UPLC-ESI-MS/MS Profiling of Secondary Metabolites from Methanol Extracts of In Vivo and In Vitro Tissues of Gilli (A Comparative Study).

Gilli is a rare annual wild herb grown in Libya. It belongs to the Apiaceae family, which is one of the largest flowering plant families. Plants of this family are outstanding sources of various secondary metabolites with various biological activities.

Iron oxide nanoparticles induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest, and DNA damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Background: Nanotechnology and material science have developed enormously fast in recent years. Due to their excellent magnetic properties, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been broadly applied in the field of bioengineering and biomedical. Thus, it is important to evaluate the safety issues and health effects of these nanomaterials.

Biomarker Quantification, Spectroscopic, and Molecular Docking Studies of the Active Compounds Isolated from the Edible Plant L.

Phytochemical investigation of the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of L. led to the isolation of four unsaturated fatty acids (-), including a new one (), and four indole alkaloids (-). The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized with the help of spectroscopic techniques such as 1D, 2D NMR, and mass spectroscopy, and by correlation with the known compounds.

Chemical constituents from and their antimicrobial activity.

A new sesquiterpene lactone, 3β,10α-dihydroxy-10β-(hydroxymethyl)-8α-(4-hydroxymethacrylate)-1α,5α,6β7α-guai-4(15), 11(13)-dien-6,12-olide (), along with twenty-one known compounds, were identified from the aerial parts of . The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidences and correlated with known compounds. Compounds (, , and ) were identified from for the first time.

Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Exhibit Cell Death Through Oxidative Stress Responses in Human Airway Epithelial Cells: a Mechanistic Study.

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) are purposefully used to inhibit the growth of bacteria, algae, and fungi. Several studies on the beneficial and harmful effects of CuONPs have been conducted in vivo and in vitro, but there are a few studies that explain the toxicity of CuONPs in human airway epithelial cells (HEp-2). As a result, the purpose of this study is to look into the dose-dependent toxicity of CuONPs in HEp-2 cells.

Oxidative Stress Mediated Cytotoxicity, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Apoptosis Induced by in Human Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells.

Mill (Damask rose), belonging to the Rosaceae family, is known for medicinal purposes in traditional medicine system. However, its anticancer activity has not been studied yet in detail. Herein, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of hexane (RA-HE) and methanolic (RA-ME) extracts against human breast (MCF-7), lung epithelial (A-549), and cervical (HeLa) cancer cells.

Insecticidal Activity and Free Radical Scavenging Properties of Isolated Phytoconstituents from the Saudi Plant (Hochst.).

Chromatographic purification of the alcoholic extract from the aerial parts of the Saudi plant (Hochst.), Benth., resulted in five isolated phenolic compounds.

Sterols and Triterpenes from Growing in Saudi Arabia and Their Cytotoxic Activity.

A new lupane caffeoyl ester, lup-20(29)-ene 3β-caffeate-30-al (), and a new oleanane-type triterpene, 3-hydroxyolean-13(18)-en-12-one (), were isolated from the aerial parts of (Forssk), along with ten known triterpenes, including seven lupane-type lupeol (), 30-nor-lup-3-ol-20-one (), ∆-lupenone (), lup-20(29)-en-3,30-diol (), lupeol caffeate (), 30-hydroxy lup-20(29)-ene 3-caffeate (), and betunaldehyde (); three oleanane-type compounds were also identified, comprising -amyrone (), -amyrin (), and 11-oxo--amyrin (); together with six sterols, comprising -sitosterol (), stigmasterol (), 7-hydroxy--sitosterol (), 7-hydroxy-stigmasterol (), 7-keto--sitosterol (), and 7-keto-stigmasterol (). Their structures were elucidated using a variety of spectroscopic techniques, including 1D (H, C, and DEPT-135 C) and 2D (H-H COSY, H-C HSQC, and H-C HMBC) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and accurate mass spectroscopy. Subsequently, the different plant extracts and some of the isolated compounds (, and ) were investigated for their possible cytotoxic activity in comparison to cisplatin against a wide array of aggressive cancer cell lines, such as colorectal cancer (HCT-116), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2), and prostate cancer (PC-3) cell lines.

Protective effects of Nigella sativa extract against H O -induced cell death through the inhibition of DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Oxidative stress is known to induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis in endothelial cells and indorse development of atherosclerosis. The aim of this research was to assess the cytoprotective effects of ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa (NSE) against H O -induced cell death in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and also study the probable mechanisms through which NSE exhibited cyto-protection. The cytotoxicity was measured by exposing the HUVECs with NSE (10-200 μg/ml) and H O (25-1000 μM) for 24 h.

Vacillantins A and B, New Anthrone -glycosides, and a New Dihydroisocoumarin Glucoside from and Its Antioxidant Activities.

A new dihydroisocoumarin glucoside, vacillanoside (), and two new anthrone -glycosides microdantin derivatives; vacillantin A () and B (), together with nine known compounds belonging to the anthraquinone, anthrone and isocoumarin groups were isolated from the leaves of . The structures were determined based on spectroscopic evidence including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) data, along with comparisons to reported data. The leaves were used to extract compounds with different solvents.

Siphonocholin isolated from red sea sponge attenuates quorum sensing controlled virulence and biofilm formation.

Increasing incidence of multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens, especially in clinical settings, has been developed into a grave health situation. The drug resistance problem demands the necessity for alternative unique therapeutic policies. One such tactic is targeting the quorum sensing (QS) controlled virulence and biofilm production.

Mechanism of antidiabetic effects of Plicosepalus Acaciae flower in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats, as complementary and alternative therapy.

Background: Diabetes and its related complications remain to be a major clinical problem. We aim to investigate the antidiabetic mechanistic actions of Plicosepalus Acaciae (PA) flowers in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods: After diabetes induction, rats were divided randomly into five groups, including: 1) normal control group, 2) diabetic control group, 3) diabetic group treated with 150 mg/kg of ethanolic extract of PA flowers, 4) diabetic group treated with 300 mg/kg of ethanolic extract of PA flowers, and 5) diabetic group treated with 150 mg/kg of metformin.

Petroselinum sativum protects HepG2 cells from cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide.

A number of liver diseases are known to be caused by oxidative stress. Petroselinum sativum (P. sativum; parsley) is popular for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities.

Evaluation of cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by L essential oil in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.

L. () commonly known as , is an essential oil bearing plant extensively being used in traditional system of medicine. However, the reports on the components and biological responses of essential oil (AG-EO) from Saudi Arabia are scarce.

Assessment of selected Saudi and Yemeni plants for mosquitocidal activities against the yellow fever mosquito .

As part of our continuing investigation for interesting biological activities of native medicinal plants, thirty-nine plants, obtained from diverse areas in Saudi Arabia and Yemen, were screened for insecticidal activity against yellow fever mosquito (L.). Out of the 57 organic extracts, , and exhibited over 80% mortality against adult female at 5 μg/mosquito.

Alpha-Amylase and Alpha-Glucosidase Enzyme Inhibition and Antioxidant Potential of 3-Oxolupenal and Katononic Acid Isolated from .

is traditionally used in diabetes treatment in many Arabian countries; however, scientific evidence is lacking. Hence, the present study explored the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of the plant extracts and their purified compounds. The methanolic crude extract of was partitioned using a two-solvent system.

Antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities of Acalypha fruticosa: Possible elucidated mechanism.

This study aimed to investigate the potential anti-oxidant activity of methanol (Aca-M) extract and n-hexane (Aca-H), chloroform (Aca-Ch), ethyl acetate (Aca-E), n-butanol (Aca-B) and aqueous (Aca-A) fractions obtained from the aerial parts of Acalypha fruticosa (Aca) using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Data obtained revealed that A. fruticosa methanol extract and different fractions inhibited the DPPH radicals in the following descending order: Aca-E >Aca-B >Aca-M >Aca-A >Aca-Ch >Aca-H compared to ascorbic acid.

Corn Silk () Induced Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer (MCF-7) Cells via the ROS-Mediated Mitochondrial Pathway.

Cancer has been recognized as one of the life-threating diseases. Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women. In spite of current developments in the therapy and diagnosis of cancer, the survival rate is still less.

Isolation, biological evaluation and validated HPTLC-quantification of the marker constituent of the edible Saudi plant L.

Phytochemical investigation and chromatographic purification of the -hexane fraction of the aerial parts of the edible Saudi plant led to the isolation of β-sitosterol (), stigmasterol () and β-sitosterol-β-d-glucoside (). The cytotoxic effects of the -hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and -butanol fractions were tested against three cancer cell lines viz., MCF-7, HCT-116 and HepG2, using the crystal violet staining (CVS) method, while the antibacterial activity against a number of pathogenic bacterial strains, was also estimated using the broth microdilution assay.

Prenylated flavonoids from Commiphora opobalsamum stem bark.

A phytochemical study on the stem bark of Commiphora opobalsamum looking for cytotoxic compounds afforded eleven flavonoids, including six previously undescribed prenylated congeners, comophorin A-E, and comophoroside A. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidences and correlated with known compounds. Isolated compounds were biologically evaluated using in vitro cytotoxicity MTT-based assay against two cancer cell lines; namely human hepato-cellular carcinoma (HepG-2) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7).