Stress and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Review of the Literature.

The human body has the ability to adapt to changing circumstances, and mobilizes various biological systems in order to do so. When exposed to stressful conditions, the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems come together to aid in maintaining homeostasis; however, during periods of chronic stress, these systems can become maladaptive and lead to long-term detrimental health outcomes. Amongst the lingering effects associated with chronic stress exposure, increasingly, studies are identifying a link to adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.

Risk factors for early postpartum hemorrhage: A retrospective, population-based, cohort analysis.

Objective: To identify risk factors for developing early postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and to examine whether risk factors vary according to severity and mode of delivery.

Methods: A population-based cohort study was conducted in which all deliveries at a tertiary medical center were included. Risk factors for developing early PPH were compared based on the severity of bleeding as well as the mode of delivery.

Perinatal outcome and long-term hospitalization of triplets according to birth order.

Purpose: The association between birth order and adverse perinatal outcomes has been well studied in twin pregnancies. However, little is known about the differences in immediate perinatal outcomes as well as long-term hospitalization of the offspring in triplet pregnancies according to their birth order. As such, we aimed to assess the differences in immediate perinatal outcomes and long-term hospitalizations among triplets by their birth order.

von Willebrand factor antigen: a biomarker for severe pregnancy complications in women with hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura?

Background: Hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (hTTP) is associated with severe obstetric morbidity (SOM) during pregnancy. Treatment with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) mitigates the risk in some women, but others respond poorly and continue to suffer obstetric complications.

Objectives: To determine a possible association between SOM and elevated nonpregnant von Willebrand factor (NPVWF) antigen levels in women with hTTP and whether the latter can predict the response to FFP transfusion.

Fetal Growth Restriction and Long-Term Cardiovascular Morbidity of Offspring in Dichorionic-Diamniotic Twin Pregnancies.

We opted to investigate whether fetal growth restriction (FGR) in dichorionic-diamniotic twins is a risk factor for long-term cardiovascular morbidity in offspring. A population-based retrospective cohort study, comparing long-term cardiovascular morbidity among FGR and non-FGR twins, born between the years 1991 and 2021 in a tertiary medical center. Study groups were followed until 18 years of age (6570 days) for cardiovascular-related morbidity.

[GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN AND LONG-TERM POSTPARTUM WEIGHT RETENTION].

Pregnant women have been told that gaining weight during pregnancy is important for maternal and perinatal health outcomes. However, today it is known that excessive weight gain during pregnancy is associated with adverse health outcomes. This article presents the connection between gestational weight gain and long-term postpartum weight retention as well as relevant epidemiology, predictors for postpartum weight retention and implications of its occurrence.

Identifying the Critical Threshold for Long-Term Pediatric Neurological Hospitalizations of the Offspring in Preterm Delivery.

We opted to investigate whether a critical threshold exists for long-term pediatric neurological morbidity, and cerebral palsy (CP), in preterm delivery, via a population-based cohort analysis. Four study groups were classified according to their gestational age at birth: 24-27.6, 28-31.

Maternal Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) High Risk for Preterm Delivery and Not for Long-Term Neurological Morbidity of the Offspring.

Objective: Pregnancies of women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are associated with preterm delivery. As preterm delivery is associated with long-term neurological morbidity, we opted to evaluate the long-term neurologic outcomes of offspring born to mothers with SLE regardless of gestational age.

Methods: Perinatal outcomes and long-term neurological disease of children of women with and without SLE during pregnancy were evaluated.

Unfolding the pathophysiology of congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in pregnancy: lessons from a cluster of familial cases.

Background: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), a rare, potentially life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy, manifests either as congenital TTP or acquired forms. It is caused by the absence or severe depletion of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 13 (ADAMTS13) protease, leading to the accumulation of ultra large von Willebrand factor multimers as well as extensive platelet adhesion and clumping, which can ultimately cause severe secondary end-organ damage. Pregnancy can provoke or exacerbate TTP, leading to maternal and fetal complications.

Changes in trends over time for the specific contribution of different risk factors for pre-eclampsia.

Purpose: The prevalence of risk factors for pre-eclampsia has changed over time; however, little is known regarding how these changes have altered the specific contribution of each risk factor. We aim to identify trends in the contribution of different risk factors throughout different time intervals.

Methods: We compared the prevalence and odds-ratio of different known risk factors for pre-eclampsia occurring in three equal population groups from 1988 to 2014.