Publications by authors named "Shayda A Swann"

Article Synopsis
  • * Factors such as older age, White ethnicity, substance use history, and food insecurity were found to be independently associated with amenorrhea among women with HIV.
  • * The study highlights the importance of addressing modifiable risk factors and encourages healthcare providers to regularly assess menstrual health and support socio-structural changes to improve outcomes for women with HIV.
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Background: Women living with HIV commonly experience low areal bone mineral density (BMD), but whether this is affected by low ovarian hormonal states (prolonged amenorrhea or menopause) is unknown. We compared rates of BMD loss between women living with HIV and HIV-negative control women and investigated its association with low ovarian hormonal states.

Setting: Women living with HIV were enrolled from Vancouver Canada and controls from 9 Canadian sites.

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Chronic pain is common among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and detrimental to quality of life and overall health. It is often underdiagnosed, undertreated, and frankly dismissed in women with HIV, despite growing evidence that it is highly prevalent in this population. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the global prevalence of chronic pain in women with HIV.

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Early menopause (<45 years) has significant impacts on bone, cardiovascular, and cognitive health. Several studies have suggested earlier menopause for women living with HIV; however, the current literature is limited by reliance on self-report data. We determined age at menopause in women living with HIV and socio-demographically similar HIV-negative women based on both self-report of menopause status (no menses for ≥12 months) and biochemical confirmation (defined as above plus follicle-stimulating hormone level ≥ 25 IU/mL).

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Background: Patterns of vitamin D intake are relatively unexplored among women living with HIV, despite its importance for women's health. We compared vitamin D dietary and supplement intakes in women with HIV and population-based national controls and investigated barriers to intake.

Methods: In this case-control study, women with HIV in the Children and Women: AntiRetrovirals and Markers of Aging (CARMA) cohort were matched with Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) controls.

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Background: Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels indicate ovarian reserve and are predictive of reproductive aging. Studies evaluating AMH levels in women with HIV have produced conflicting results, and reasons for inter-study differences have not been assessed. To understand reproductive aging in HIV, we conducted a systematic review of ovarian reserve among women with HIV.

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Objectives: People living with HIV experience numerous endocrine abnormalities and psychosocial stressors. However, interactions between HIV, cortisol levels, and health outcomes have not been well described among people living with HIV on effective therapy. Furthermore, methods for measuring cortisol are disparate across studies.

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Introduction: Women living with HIV (WLWH) experience accelerated ageing and an increased risk of age-associated diseases earlier in life, compared with women without HIV. This is likely due to a combination of viral factors, gender differences, hormonal imbalance and psychosocial and structural conditions. This interdisciplinary cohort study aims to understand how biological, clinical and sociostructural determinants of health interact to modulate healthy ageing in WLWH.

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Article Synopsis
  • HIV-1 Nef helps increase the virus's infectivity by counteracting a host protein called SERINC5, but how natural variations in Nef affect this function is not well understood.
  • A study analyzed 91 different Nef alleles from HIV-1 subtype B found in patients classified as elite controllers and chronic progressors, revealing that Nef from elite controllers was less effective at downregulating SERINC5 than that from chronic progressors.
  • The research identified specific Nef mutations (K94E and H116N) associated with lower downregulation of SERINC5, which in turn leads to reduced HIV-1 infectivity, suggesting that these natural variations in Nef can influence the severity of the disease.
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Sustained viremia after acute HIV infection is associated with profound CD4 T cell loss and exhaustion of HIV-specific CD8 T cell responses. To determine the impact of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on these processes, we examined the evolution of immune responses in acutely infected individuals initiating treatment before peak viremia. Immediate treatment of Fiebig stages I and II infection led to a rapid decline in viral load and diminished magnitude of HIV-specific (tetramer) CD8 T cell responses compared to untreated donors.

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