Inhibition of UVB radiation-induced tissue swelling and immune suppression by nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene.

Background: Environmental ultraviolet radiation has deleterious effects on humans, including sunburn and immune perturbations. These immune changes are involved in skin carcinogenesis.

Objectives: To determine whether nicotinamide riboside and/or pterostilbene administered systemically inhibits inflammatory and immune effects of exposure to mid-range ultraviolet radiation.

Endoscopic electrocauterization for management of chronic perineal sinus following abdominoperineal resection.

We present a case of a chronic perineal sinus following abdominoperineal resection with management via endoscopic electrocauterization. This patient presented with 1 year of bloody, mucus drainage from a perineal wound following abdominoperineal resection for anastomotic leak and stricture from a remote low anterior resection for T2N1 rectal cancer. We describe a novel use of endoscopic electrocautery to debride, de-epithelialize and ultimately eliminate the sinus cavity.

Regulation of Cutaneous Immunity In Vivo by Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Signaling through Endothelial Cells.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) can bias the outcome of Ag presentation to responsive T cells in vitro away from Th1-type immunity and toward the Th2 and Th17 poles through actions on endothelial cells (ECs). To test the in vivo significance of this observation, we engineered a mouse lacking functional CGRP receptors on ECs (EC receptor activity modifying protein 1 [RAMP1] knockout mice). On percutaneous immunization to 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, stimulated CD4 T cells from draining lymph nodes showed significantly reduced IL-17A expression with significantly increased IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-22 expression at the protein and mRNA levels compared with control mice.

Treatment of Anti-GAD65 Autoimmune Encephalitis With Methylprednisolone.

Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (anti-GAD65) antibody encephalitis is a rare form of autoimmune encephalitis that can lead to severe neurologic impairment, coma, and death. We present the case of a 54-year-old male with severely altered mental status and profound neurologic impairment who rapidly progressed to a comatose state. Because of the patient's rapidly deteriorating status, lack of yield with diagnostic testing, and lack of clinical improvement with broad empiric treatments, the clinical decision was made to treat the patient with high-dose methylprednisolone, and the treatment returned the patient to his baseline mental status.

Atypical Cause of Sepsis from Bilateral Iliopsoas Abscesses Seeded from Self-mutilation: A Case Report.

Introduction: An iliopsoas abscess (IPA) is an abscess located adjacent to the iliopsoas and iliacus muscles. Although rare, their variable clinical presentations often lead to a delay in diagnosis.

Case Report: We present a case of sepsis secondary to multiple IPAs that was missed despite multiple healthcare encounters.

Regulation of T helper cell responses during antigen presentation by norepinephrine-exposed endothelial cells.

Dermal blood vessels and regional lymph nodes are innervated by sympathetic nerves and, under stress, sympathetic nerves release norepinephrine (NE). Exposure of primary murine dermal microvascular endothelial cells (pDMECs) to NE followed by co-culture with Langerhans cells (LCs), responsive CD4 T-cells and antigen resulted in modulation of CD4 T-cell responses. NE-treatment of pDMECs induced increased production of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17A while down-regulating interferon (IFN)-γ and IL-22 release.