Depth of experiencing and therapeutic alliance: What predicts outcome for whom in emotion-focused therapy for trauma?

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which therapeutic processes - working alliance and depth of experiencing - contributed to outcome.

Method: Individual differences in these processes were examined at the early and working phases to determine their impact on symptom reduction. An archival data set of N = 42 individuals who underwent emotion-focused therapy for trauma for childhood maltreatment was used to examine the differential quality of client processes throughout treatment.

Emotional processing of trauma narratives is a predictor of outcome in emotion-focused therapy for complex trauma.

This study tested a model of emotional processes over the course of emotion-focused therapy for trauma. The model of emotional processing (Pascual-Leone & Greenberg, 2007) proposes a sequential order of shifting from "early expressions of distress" to "primary adaptive emotion" that aid in adaptive functioning. Thirty-eight participants were taken from a randomized clinical trial to examine in-session process from video recordings of treatment.

Emotional processing in an expressive writing task on trauma.

Background: The current study examined expressive writing by investigating two aspects of emotional processing: depth of experiencing and order of emotional processing.

Materials And Methods: A sample of 110 undergraduates, who suffered traumas, were instructed to write based on differing theories of emotional processing. Participant narratives were coded for depth of emotional processing and the presence of key emotions.

Measuring Subtypes of Emotion Regulation: From Broad Behavioural Skills to Idiosyncratic Meaning-making.

Unlabelled: The current paper introduces the notion of clinically relevant subtypes of emotion regulation behaviours. A new measure of emotion regulation, the Complexity of Emotional Regulation Scale (CERS), was established as psychometrically sound. It was positively correlated with a measure of emotional awareness (r = 0.

Arousal and affective differences between student gamblers and non-gamblers during a card game.

The current study examined the differences in arousal (physiologically and subjectively) between gamblers and non-gamblers. Thirty students from a mid-sized university took part in the study for a chance to win money in a gambling task. Nearly half of the participants identified themselves as non-gamblers and slightly more than half of the participants considered themselves gamblers.

Electromyographic activity in the immobilized shoulder girdle musculature during contralateral upper limb movements.

The purpose of this study was to quantify electromyographic (EMG) activity in the immobilized shoulder girdle musculature at rest and during a battery of contralateral upper limb activities. Six asymptomatic men, aged 22 to 33 years, volunteered to participate. Fine-wire (supraspinatus, infraspinatus) and surface (deltoids, trapezii, biceps, serratus anterior) electrodes recorded the mean peak normalized (percent maximal voluntary contraction [%MVC]) EMG activity from each immobilized muscle at rest and during slow, fast, and incrementally resisted contralateral upper limb motions (5, 15, and 25 lb).

Rhomboid muscle electromyography activity during 3 different manual muscle tests.

Objective: To determine which of 3 previously published rhomboid manual muscle tests (MMTs) elicits the maximal rhomboid electromyographic activity in an asymptomatic population.

Design: Criterion standard.

Setting: Motion analysis laboratory at tertiary care medical center.

Acute hemodynamic effects of abdominal exercise with and without breath holding.

Objectives: To compare the magnitudes of change in heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean blood pressure, and rate-pressure product (RPP) during 3 abdominal exercises: straight partial sit-up (SPSU), oblique partial sit-up (OPSU), and the AbSculptor(R) sit-up; and to examine the effect of breath holding on these parameters.

Design: Prospective, repeated measures.

Setting: Autonomic research laboratory in a major medical center.