Panel of potential lncRNA biomarkers can distinguish various types of liver malignant and benign tumors.

Purpose: Liver cancers are among the deadliest malignancies due to a limited efficacy of early diagnostics, the lack of appropriate biomarkers and insufficient discrimination of different types of tumors by classic and molecular methods. In this study, we searched for novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) as well as validated several known candidates suitable as probable biomarkers for primary liver tumors of various etiology.

Methods: We described a novel lncRNA HELIS (aka "HEalthy LIver Specific") and estimated its expression by RT-qPCR in 82 paired tissue samples from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), combined HCC-CCA, pediatric hepatoblastoma (HBL) and non-malignant hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH).

Shift in VEGFA isoform balance towards more angiogenic variants is associated with tumor stage and differentiation of human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common and aggressive type of malignant liver tumor. HCC progression depends significantly on its vascularization and formation of new blood vessels. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) is a crucial regulator of tumor vascularization and components of VEGF-induced cell signaling pathways are important targets of therapeutical drugs that demonstrated the highest efficiency in case of advanced HCC (sorafenib and regorafenib).

[Expression of VEGFA during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induction of malignant hemangioendothelioma in the renal capsule in mice].

There was examined the role of VEGFA in the induction of malignant hemangioendothelioma (HAE) in the nonvascular tissue of renal capsule (RC) in mice. Expression mRNA VEGFA and its receptor Flk1 in RC and the kidneys in male mice of CBA and C57B1/6 lines was studied at different stages of the administration of a chemical carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH), which induced HAE of PC in CBA males with a high frequency, and in C57B1/6 line--with a low frequency. In the kidneys of male mice of both lines at all stages there was observed significant expression both VEGFA and Flk1 but no linear differences were found.

Deregulation of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4)as a marker of epithelial tumors progression.

Tissue-specific transcription factors forming the regulatory cascades which determine the specification and differentiation of epithelial cells during embryogenesis, play the central role in the control of functional and morphological properties of different cell types. Hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNFs) network is one of the most investigated tissue-specific regulatory systems which controls the specification and maintenance of differentiation of several epithelial cell types. Nuclear receptor HNF4α is one of the central elements of this regulatory network in the liver.

[Partial reversion of the phenotype of a poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma in a three-dimensional culture].

In vivo, normal tissues and organs have a three-dimensional structure and function in a three-dimensional environment. The standard two-dimensional cell culture conditions drastically differ from those in vivo. For this reason, three-dimensional cultures based on different variants of the extracellular matrix are more adequate for analyzing normal and tumor cell growth.