The era of artificial intelligence and virtual reality: transforming surgical education in ophthalmology.

Training the modern ophthalmic surgeon is a challenging process. Microsurgical education can benefit from innovative methods to practice surgery in low-risk simulations, assess and refine skills in the operating room through video content analytics, and learn at a distance from experienced surgeons. Developments in emerging technologies may allow us to pursue novel forms of instruction and build on current educational models.

Design and Outcomes of a Novel Keratoprosthesis: Addressing Unmet Needs in End-Stage Cicatricial Corneal Blindness.

Purpose: The most commonly applied prosthetic devices for corneal blindness in the setting of severe cicatricial keratoconjunctivitis are the Boston keratoprosthesis type II and the modified osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis, with these requiring either normal eyelid skin or a healthy cuspid tooth, respectively. For patients with neither attribute, we developed a new keratoprosthesis device combining positive aspects of both Boston keratoprosthesis type II and modified osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis, which we have named the "Lux."

Methods: Short-term postoperative outcomes for the Lux keratoprosthesis, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), device retention, and complications, were examined in a retrospective case series of 9 eyes of 9 patients implanted at 4 centers.

Fostering Student-Faculty Partnerships for Continuous Curricular Improvement in Undergraduate Medical Education.

Problem: A number of medical schools have used curricular reform as an opportunity to formalize student involvement in medical education, but there are few published assessments of these programs. Formal evaluation of a program's acceptability and use is essential for determining its potential for sustainability and generalizability.

Approach: Harvard Medical School's Education Representatives (Ed Reps) program was created in 2015 to launch alongside a new curriculum.

Lucia and Beyond: Development of an Affordable Keratoprosthesis.

Purpose: Severe corneal disease contributes significantly to the global burden of blindness. Corneal allograft surgery remains the most commonly used treatment, but does not succeed long term in every patient, and the odds of success fall with each repeated graft. The Boston keratoprosthesis type I has emerged as an alternative to repeat corneal allograft.