Immunohistochemical Expression of BRCA1 Protein, ER, PR and Her2/neu in Breast Cancer: A Clinicopathological Study.

Unlabelled: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous hormone-dependent disease. Potential prognosis depends on the clinicopathological evaluation and assessment of other prognostic indicators. The detection of the oestrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2/neu) and BRCA1 oncoprotein is pivotal for prognostic evaluation and to choose the appropriate post-surgical adjuvant therapy beside selecting the proper candidate for genetic counselling.

Proliferative Index (Ki67) for Prediction in Breast Duct Carcinomas.

Background and objectives: To date, many tumor markers have been used to predict prognosis and therapeutic response in patients with breast cancer. The well established and routinely applied tumor markers are the estrogen-receptor, progesterone-receptor and Her2/neu-receptor. In the current study, we aimed to highlight any association of the proliferation index (Ki67) in breast infiltrative duct carcinoma with the tumor grade, tumor size and nodal status in addition to hormone receptor status.

Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria: Isolation from clinical samples in Iraq.

Objective/background: Nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM), defined as any mycobacterial strain other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, are a diverse group of pathogens that cause a substantive, but often unappreciated worldwide burden of illness. NTM cause illness similar to M. tuberculosis, but generally do not respond to classic tuberculosis (TB) drug regimens.