An Inventory of Proposed and Enacted Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Policies at the State, Local, and Tribal Levels in the United States, 2014‒2023.

To inventory and describe trends in proposal and enactment of US sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) policies at state, local, and Tribal levels, 2014-2023. We systematically searched 6 policy databases in 2021 (updated May 2023) using SSB-related search terms, identifying additional policies through snowball and online searches and a survey of food-policy experts. We reviewed 10 821 policies for inclusion and quantitatively coded included policies.

Associations Between Subjective Social Status and Health Behaviors Among College Students.

Objective: Examine the associations between subjective social status (SSS), diet, and health outcomes in college students.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 841 students enrolled at a large Midwestern university. Subjective social status within the US, as well as within the university, was measured using the MacArthur Scale of SSS.

Call for Cultural and Language-Concordant Diabetes Care, Nutrition Education, and Self-Management for South Asian Individuals Living in the US.

Ethnic South Asian Americans have the highest relative risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the US. Culturally tailored and language-concordant diabetes care and nutrition interventions can potentially promote South Asian diabetes management and disease progression. From our perspective, the extent of their use and evaluation in the US settings remains limited.

Policy, Systems, and Environmental Changes in Child Nutrition Programs: A Systematic Literature Review.

The National School Lunch Program (NSLP) provides healthy food to millions of children annually. To promote increased lunch consumption, policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) change strategies are being implemented in child nutrition programs. An evaluation of the current evidence supporting PSE interventions in school nutrition programs is needed to facilitate evidence-based practices across the nation for programs.

Potential Protective Mechanisms of S-equol, a Metabolite of Soy Isoflavone by the Gut Microbiome, on Cognitive Decline and Dementia.

S-equol, a metabolite of soy isoflavone daidzein transformed by the gut microbiome, is the most biologically potent among all soy isoflavones and their metabolites. Soy isoflavones are phytoestrogens and exert their actions through estrogen receptor-β. Epidemiological studies in East Asia, where soy isoflavones are regularly consumed, show that dietary isoflavone intake is inversely associated with cognitive decline and dementia; however, randomized controlled trials of soy isoflavones in Western countries did not generally show their cognitive benefit.

A healthy plant-based diet is favorably associated with cardiometabolic risk factors among participants of South Asian ancestry.

Background: Plant-based diets are recommended for chronic disease prevention, yet there has been little focus on plant-based diet quality among participants of South Asian ancestry who consume a predominantly plant-based diet.

Objectives: We evaluated cross-sectional and prospective associations between plant-based diet quality and cardiometabolic risks among participants of South Asian ancestry who are living in the United States.

Methods: We included 891 participants of South Asian ancestry who completed the baseline visit in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study.

Population attributable risk for colorectal and breast cancer in England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and the United Kingdom.

Background: The population attributable risk (PAR) is a statistic commonly used for quantifying preventability of cancer. We report here PAR estimates for the United Kingdom (UK) along with its constituent countries for up-to-date risk factor-attributable colorectal cancer (CRC) and breast cancer (BC), focusing on diet and nutrition related factors and tobacco (CRC) using representative national surveys.

Methods: The PAR was calculated using established, modifiable risk factors by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR): physical activity, body mass index (BMI), alcoholic drinks, red meat, processed meat, dietary fiber, dietary calcium, as well as cigarette smoking for CRC, and physical activity, BMI, alcoholic drinks, and fruits and vegetable consumption for BC.

Neighborhood Built Environment Measures and Association with Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in 9-14-Year-Old Children in Saskatoon, Canada.

This study assessed whether perceptual and researcher-rated measures of neighborhood-built environments (BEs) predict device-based multiple activity-related outcomes, specifically: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), and sedentary time (ST), in children. Eight hundred and sixteen children aged 9-14 years from Saskatoon, Canada, were surveyed on their perceptions of BE, and their PA outcomes were objectively monitored for one week at three different time frames over a one-year period, September 2014 to August 2015. The researcher-rated BE measures were collected by trained researchers using multiple BE audit tools: neighborhood active living potential (NALP) and Irvine Minnesota inventory (IMI), 2009-2010.

A 24-hour dietary recall for assessing the intake pattern of choline among Bangladeshi pregnant women at their third trimester of pregnancy.

Maternal choline intake during the third trimester of human pregnancy can modify systemic and local epigenetic marks in fetal-derived tissues, promoting better pregnancy outcomes, increased immunity, as well as improved mental and physical work capacity with proper memory and cognitive development. 103 pregnant women presenting to the antenatal care of Azimpur Maternity Hospital of Dhaka, Bangladesh in their third trimester of pregnancy were randomly selected for this cross sectional study exploring dietary intake patterns of choline. A dietary recall form was administered to estimate frequency and amount of food consumption of foods for the previous 24 hours.

Prevalence and Pattern of Smoking among Bus Drivers of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Background: Smoking is an increasingly prevalent habit in Bangladesh, particularly among men with low socioeconomic status.

Aim: The aim of this study was determining the prevalence and pattern of smoking among bus drivers of Dhaka city, Bangladesh.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from 15 to 26 March 2013 among four hundred bus drivers of Dhaka city, Bangladesh aged between 18 and 50 determining the prevalence, pattern, and socioeconomic determinants of smoking.

Prevalence of obesity among Bangladeshi pregnant women at their first trimester of pregnancy.

Background: Paradoxically, the escalating global epidemic of maternal obesity coexists with malnutrion in many areas of Bangladesh. This proves a major challenge to obstetric practice from preconception to postpartum due to related comorbid conditions including: maternal death or severe morbidity, gestational diabetes and hypertension, increased risk of early and recurrent miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, thromboembolism, post-caesarean wound infection, postpartum haemorrhage, and low breastfeeding rates. A dramatic increase in birth defects and other pregnancy-induced disorders related to maternal obesity has added millions of dollars to health care costs leading great economical loss to the country.