Maximizing single-pass conversion does not result in practical readiness for CO reduction electrolyzers.

For many chemical processes, high single-pass conversion of reactants into products reduces the need to separate products downstream. However, low-temperature carbon dioxide electrolyzers that maximize single-pass conversion suffer from low product concentration. Maximizing product concentration is therefore a more meaningful target for CO electrolyzers than maximizing single-pass conversion.

The origin of blinking in both mudskippers and tetrapods is linked to life on land.

Blinking, the transient occlusion of the eye by one or more membranes, serves several functions including wetting, protecting, and cleaning the eye. This behavior is seen in nearly all living tetrapods and absent in other extant sarcopterygian lineages suggesting that it might have arisen during the water-to-land transition. Unfortunately, our understanding of the origin of blinking has been limited by a lack of known anatomical correlates of the behavior in the fossil record and a paucity of comparative functional studies.