Vancomycin Flushing Syndrome: A Case Report.

Vancomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic used for various infections but can cause hypersensitivity reactions, including vancomycin flushing syndrome (VFS) and anaphylaxis. VFS, previously known as red man syndrome, is a pseudoallergic reaction characterized by flushing, erythema, and pruritus. We present a case of VFS in a female patient with recurrent Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections receiving vancomycin for back abscesses.

Intraoperative Use of Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump to Generate Pulsatile Flow During Heart Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience.

The physiologic impact of pulsatile flow (PF) on end-organ perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is controversial. Using an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) to maintain PF during CPB for patients undergoing heart transplantation (HT) may impact end-organ perfusion, with implications for postoperative outcomes. A single-center retrospective study of 76 patients bridged to HT with IABP was conducted between January 2018 and December 2022.

Advancements in MitraClip Intervention for Mitral Regurgitation: A Comprehensive Review and Comparative Analysis of Clinical Trials.

This comprehensive review explores the evolution and clinical impact of MitraClip intervention in the management of mitral regurgitation. Mitral regurgitation results from dysfunction in the mitral valve (MV) apparatus. The MitraClip Clip Delivery System was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2013.

Subvalvular techniques enhanced with endoscopic robotic mitral valve repair.

Objective: Totally endoscopic intracardiac robotic surgery is generally limited to uncomplicated mitral valve surgery. With experience, our team has developed a more aggressive approach to robotic cardiac surgery that allows for repair of a broad spectrum of mitral valve pathologies. We report complex subvalvular procedural advancements associated with this approach secondary to enhanced team experience and capabilities.

Instruction-Level Power Side-Channel Leakage Evaluation of Soft-Core CPUs on Shared FPGAs.

Side-channel disassembly attacks recover CPU instructions from power or electromagnetic side-channel traces measured during code execution. These attacks typically rely on physical access, proximity to the victim device, and high sampling rate measuring instruments. In this work, however, we analyze the CPU instruction-level power side-channel leakage in an environment that lacks physical access or expensive measuring equipment.

Utility of Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Assessing Corticospinal Tracts for the Management of Brain Tumors: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Introduction Intra-axial brain tumors are a significant health problem and present several diagnostic and treatment challenges. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has posed several limitations, such as the inability to delineate the detailed anatomy of fibers in structures like the brainstem and the inability to accurately judge the extent of tumor infiltration. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), based on the concepts of isotropic and anisotropic diffusion, is capable of visualizing and segmenting white fiber bundles in high detail and providing crucial information about tumor boundaries, extent, neighboring tracts, and more.

Routine Extubation in the Operating Room After Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass.

Background: The benefits of fast-track extubation in the intensive care unit (ICU) after cardiac surgery are well established. Although extubation in the operating room (OR) is safe in carefully selected patients, widespread use of this strategy in cardiac surgery remains unproven. This study was designed to evaluate perioperative outcomes with OR vs ICU extubation in patients undergoing nonemergency, isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Transcatheter Closure of Atrial Septal Defect: A Review of Currently Used Devices.

Over the past seven decades, significant advancements and innovations have occurred in the field of percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) closure using transcatheter-based devices. This article focuses on the current literature surrounding the three Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved devices for ASD and patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure in the United States, namely, the Amplatzer Septal Occluder (ASO), Amplatzer Cribriform Occluder, and Gore Cardioform ASD Occluder. The ASO has been widely used since its FDA approval in 2001.

Age Estimation Based on CT Chest Analysis of Ossification of the Xiphisternal Joint in a Living Population Aged 35-50 in a Tertiary Setup.

Introduction Age estimation has been an area of special interest in the medicolegal context because of its necessity in various criminal and civil cases like assaults, murders, rapes, inheritance, insurance claims, etc. While legal documents are useful in daily activities that require age identity, they cannot be relied on for criminal and civil proceedings because of being falsifiable and inaccessible to some people. Scientific methods of age determination like physical, dental, and radiological examinations are used for reliable age estimation due to their universal and non-falsifiable nature.

The Role of High-Density Lipoprotein in Lowering Risk of Dementia in the Elderly: A Review.

Dementia is one of the major causes of disability and hospitalization in the elderly. As far as non-invasive markers of dementia are concerned, we only have age and Apolipoprotein-E (Apo-E) gene, which can be considered as clinically relevant. Modifiable risk factors have been found to be the cause in one-third of the patients who develop dementia.

Emphasis on Early Identification of Risk Factors to Curtail High Mortality Involved With Ischemic Colitis (IC) After Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Repair.

Ischemic colitis (IC) is one of the most feared complications after abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. Though the complication is seen in only a handful of total repairs, the mortality rates after IC is very high. Due to infrequent presentation, attending doctors may overlook this possibility leading to a delay in diagnosis.

Evolving Indications of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Compared to Surgical Valve Replacement: A Review of the Current Literature.

Patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) are categorized into high risk, intermediate risk, and low risk. The identification of risk status is done using the Society of Thoracic Surgeons mortality score. Various factors are considered such as clinical symptoms, ejection fraction, age, left ventricle measurements, severity of AS, associated comorbid factors, and any other associated cardiac diseases.