Chiral Chemopolymorphism in the Monoterpenes of Pistacia palaestina Leaves and Galls.

Pistacia palaestina Boiss. is a common tree in the Mediterranean maquis. The leaves of this plant accumulate defensive monoterpenes, whose levels greatly increase in galls induced by the aphid Baizongia pistaciae.

Role of transcriptional regulation in auxin-mediated response to abiotic stresses.

Global climate change (GCC) is posing a serious threat to organisms, particularly plants, which are sessile. Drought, salinity, and the accumulation of heavy metals alter soil composition and have detrimental effects on crops and wild plants. The hormone auxin plays a pivotal role in the response to stress conditions through the fine regulation of plant growth.

Inhibitory effect of selected Indian honey on colon cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis and targeting the β-catenin/Wnt pathway.

Colon cancer is the most prevalent cause of death from cancer across the globe. Although chemotherapy drugs are predominantly used, their toxicity always remains a cause of concern. As an alternative to synthetic drugs, natural compounds or nutraceuticals are comparatively less toxic.

Black pepper and piperine induce anticancer effects on leukemia cell line.

The black pepper, most commonly used in Indian cuisines for ages, is considered as "king of spices." The present study evaluates the anticancer potential of black pepper and its main constituent, i.e.

Black pepper prevents anemia of inflammation by inhibiting hepcidin over-expression through BMP6-SMAD1/ IL6-STAT3 signaling pathway.

Hepcidin, a circulatory hepatic peptide hormone, is associated with systemic iron homeostasis. Inflammation leads to an increase in hepcidin expression, which dysregulates body iron level. The related disorder, anemia of inflammation, is the second most prevalent anemia-related disorder worldwide.

Benzoate-CoA ligase contributes to the biosynthesis of biphenyl phytoalexins in elicitor-treated pear cell cultures.

Benzoate-Coenzyme A ligase enzyme activity catalyzing the conversion of free benzoic acid to benzoyl-CoA was detected and biochemically characterized in the elicitor-treated pear cell cultures. Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) is an economically and nutritionally important fruit-bearing tree of the subtribe Malinae. Upon pathogen attack, pears produce unique benzoate-derived biphenyl phytoalexins.

Cinnamate-CoA ligase is involved in biosynthesis of benzoate-derived biphenyl phytoalexin in Malus × domestica 'Golden Delicious' cell cultures.

Apple (Malus sp.) and other genera belonging to the sub-tribe Malinae of the Rosaceae family produce unique benzoic acid-derived biphenyl phytoalexins. Cell cultures of Malus domestica cv.

Comparative metabolomics of scab-resistant and susceptible apple cell cultures in response to scab fungus elicitor treatment.

Apple scab disease caused by the fungus Venturia inaequalis is a devastating disease that seriously affects quality and yield of apples. In order to understand the mechanisms involved in scab resistance, we performed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry based metabolomics analysis of the cell culture of scab resistant cultivar 'Florina' and scab susceptible cultivar 'Vista Bella' both prior -to and -following treatment with V. inaequalis elicitor (VIE).

A new enzymatic activity from elicitor-treated pear cell cultures converting trans-cinnamic acid to benzaldehyde.

Cell cultures of Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) are known to produce benzoate-derived biphenyl phytoalexins upon elicitor treatment. Although the downstream pathway for biphenyl phytoalexin biosynthesis is almost known, the upstream route of benzoic acid biosynthesis in pear has not been completely elucidated. In the present work, we report benzaldehyde synthase (BS) activity from yeast extract-treated cell suspension cultures of P.

Molecular cloning and functional analysis of a biphenyl phytoalexin-specific O-methyltransferase from apple cell suspension cultures.

This manuscript describes the cloning and functional characterization of a biphenyl phytoalexin biosynthetic gene, 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl O-methyltransferase from elicitor-treated cell cultures of scab resistant apple cultivar 'Florina'. Apples belong to the subtribe Malinae of the Rosaceae family. Biphenyls and dibenzofurans are the specialized phytoalexins of Malinae, of which aucuparin is the most widely distributed biphenyl.

Salicylaldehyde synthase activity from Venturia inaequalis elicitor-treated cell culture of apple.

Salicylic acid (SA) is known to trigger a number of plant defense responses upon pathogen attack. It is well known that apple (Malus domestica) plants respond to pathogen invasion by synthesizing SA, but its biosynthesis is not well understood. In this study, we report salicylaldehyde synthase (SAS) activity from Venturia inaequalis elicitor (VIE)-treated cell suspension cultures of apple (Malus domestica 'Florina').

Benzaldehyde dehydrogenase-driven phytoalexin biosynthesis in elicitor-treated Pyrus pyrifolia cell cultures.

Pyrus pyrifolia (Asian pear) cell cultures respond to yeast extract (YE) treatment by accumulating benzoate-derived biphenyl phytoalexins, namely, noraucuparin and aucuparin. Biphenyl phytoalexins are defense-marker metabolites of the sub-tribe Malinae of the family Rosaceae. The substrates for biphenyl biosynthesis are benzoyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA, which combine in the presence of biphenyl synthase (BIS) to produce 3,5-dihydroxybiphneyl.

Development and Validation of a New HPLC Method for the Determination of Biphenyl and Dibenzofuran Phytoalexins in Rosaceae.

A simple, precise, rapid and accurate isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of biphenyl (aucuparin and noraucuparin) and dibenzofuran (eriobofuran) phytoalexin from elicitor treated cell culture of Sorbus aucuparia (mountain ash). These phytoalexins play crucial role in combating scab disease in many commercially important rosaceous plants, such as apple, pear and mountain ash. The isocratic separation was performed in a Luna C18 reversed-phase column (250 × 4.

Bilateral Florid Juvenile Fibroadenomas of the Breast in an Adolescent: A Rare Indication for Subcutaneous Mastectomy.

Background: Juvenile fibroadenomas are rare and constitute about 0.5% to 4% of all fibroadenomas. They present as circumscribed, often large breast masses in adolescent females and are usually managed with simple enucleation.