What Will People Think? How College Students Evaluate Bystander Intervention Behavior.

Many colleges utilize bystander intervention programs to address gender-based violence. The goal of these programs is to help students overcome barriers to intervention, including evaluation inhibition, which occurs when bystanders expect to be viewed negatively for intervening. We have limited information, though, on how college students evaluate bystanders who intervene.

Attitudes Toward Unhealthy Relationship Behaviors and Boundary-Setting: Variation Among High School Students.

Teen dating violence (TDV) is common during adolescence and has lasting negative impacts on those who experience it. Yet, there is limited research exploring how well teens recognize unhealthy behaviors and communicate boundaries, both crucial aspects in preventing TDV. This study aimed to investigate how demographic characteristics (i.

Advancing a Comprehensive Multilevel Approach to Sexual Violence Prevention Using Existing Efficacious Programs.

Sexual violence (SV) is a serious and long-standing public health problem on college campuses. At institutions of higher education, campus administrators, activists, and practitioners have worked for decades to address campus SV. Despite federally mandated campus SV prevention programming, rates of campus SV remain unchanged.

Campus Sexual Violence Prevention and Response: Lessons from a Pandemic to Inform Future Efforts.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced institutions of higher education to transition and work in ways that were new and innovative. Even though most colleges and universities transitioned to a virtual platform, the issues that students face continued, including sexual violence (SV). For many campus prevention and response professionals, reaching students during the pandemic posed unique challenges.

Academic and Career Outcomes Following Sexual Assault in Early Adulthood: A Comparison of LGBQ+ and Heterosexual Women.

Young adults (aged 18-24) who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer (LGBQ+) report high rates of sexual assault (SA) victimization, yet much of the research on adverse outcomes resulting from SA has overlooked LGBQ+ victims. A probability-based sample of 901 adults was recruited to examine the negative academic and career outcomes attributed to SA during early adulthood among LGBQ+ cisgender women. LGBQ+ women were more likely to report negative impacts on academic and career goals (e.

LGBTQ+-Affirming Campus Sexual and Relationship Violence Prevention: A Qualitative Study.

LGBTQ+ (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, nonbinary, queer) people are often left out of campus sexual and relationship violence (SRV) prevention efforts despite experiencing higher rates of SRV.

Sexual and Relationship Violence Among LGBTQ+ College Students: A Scoping Review.

Although there has been increased attention to campus sexual and relationship violence (SRV) because of Title IX and the #MeToo movement, much of that attention has focused on victimization of cisgender heterosexual women. This scoping review uncovers information from empirical studies on what is known about LGBTQ+ (e.g.

Correlates of Bystander Intentions and Behavior among Community College Students in Situations of Sexual Violence.

Sexual violence (SV) is a public health problem on college campuses. Research suggests that bystanders can effectively prevent and respond in situations of SV. There is no research to date concerning correlates of bystander behavior (e.

Staff and Patient Perspectives on Bystander Intervention Training to Address Patient-Initiated Sexual Harassment in Veterans Affairs Healthcare Settings.

Introduction: One in four women veteran patients experience public harassment by men veterans at Veterans Affairs (VA) health care facilities. Bystander intervention training-teaching bystanders to identify harassment, assess appropriate responses, and safely intervene before, during, or after an event-is a popular strategy for addressing harassment in military and education settings. We explored staff and veteran patient perspectives on bystander intervention training to address harassment of women veterans in VA health care settings.

Outcomes of Sexual Assault Victimization in Early Adulthood: National Estimates for University and Nonuniversity Students.

Across the United States, 20% of women ages 18 and over are victims of penetrative sexual assault, with the highest rates occurring in early adulthood (i.e., ages 18-24).

Comprehensive policies for victims of sexual assault returning to the campus classroom: Lessons from university sports-related concussion policies.

ObjectiveThe current paper presents a comparison of university policies and health and academic accommodations offered to undergraduate students following sexual assault (SA) and sports-related concussions (SRC). Procedures and protocols for universities to consider adapting from their SRC policies to their SA policies are detailed. The SRC and SA policies at the 50 United States public flagship universities were analyzed.

A Collaborative Community College Sexual Violence Prevention and Response Effort: Climate Study Results to Assess Impact.

Although 2-year institutions report higher rates of sexual violence (SV) than 4-year institutions, few resources exist to address SV on these campuses. The present study describes and assesses the impact of a 3-year initiative to engage personnel and students at seven 2-year colleges and community professionals to increase the effectiveness of SV prevention and response strategies. We administered a climate survey during the first and third year of this initiative.

Sexual Harassment and Sexual Assault in Early Adulthood: National Estimates for College and Non-College Students.

Young adults are at high risk for sexual harassment and sexual assault. Although attention has been given to prevention on college campuses, the need for prevention may be at least as high for young adults who do not attend college as for young adults who do. In October 2019, we administered a nationally representative survey of 893 adults to measure sexual harassment and sexual assault victimization during a recall period defined as "during college years" for respondents who had enrolled in college at any time or "ages 18-24" for respondents not in college.

Exploring the Usage of a Violence Prevention and Response App Among Community College Students.

Sexual assault is a significant problem on college campuses. To date, much of the research on prevention and response has been conducted with students enrolled at traditional 4-year institutions. Limited research exists on 2-year institutions (also known as community colleges), which enroll a more diverse population (e.

Gender Differences in Veterans' Perceptions of Harassment on Veterans Health Administration Grounds.

Purpose: Stranger harassment at Veterans Health Administration (VA) facilities is prevalent, affecting one in four women veteran VA primary care users. Harassment interferes with health care quality and may result in veterans forgoing or delaying needed care. To better understand this phenomenon, gender-stratified discussion groups were held with men and women veterans.

Sexual violence victimization among community college students.

: To assess the prevalence of sexual violence victimization among a community college student population. : In March 2017, students (800) from seven community colleges in a northeastern state participated in an online campus climate survey using the ARC3 Survey Instrument. We analyze demographic differences between participants who were victimized and those who were not, and we examine the relationship between participant victimization and well-being.

Developing and Piloting Videogames to Increase College and University Students' Awareness and Efficacy of the Bystander Role in Incidents of Sexual Violence.

Objective: Researchers at the Prevention Innovations Research Center at the University of New Hampshire and the Tiltfactor Laboratory at Dartmouth College collaborated with students to create two videogames to teach college students bystander intervention skills in situations of sexual and relationship violence and stalking.

Materials And Methods: A key strength of the present study is the collaboration with students to educate game development. The research team pooled its ideas to create a trivia game and an interactive scenario game that were pilot tested on first-year students in a midsized campus of a northeastern university.

Long-term impacts of college sexual assaults on women survivors' educational and career attainments.

Objective: To examine the well-documented mental and physical health problems suffered by undergraduate women sexually assaulted while on campus with an exploration of how the trauma impacts a survivor's lifetime education trajectory and career attainment.

Participants: In November and December 2015, researchers recruited US participants using an online crowdsourcing tool and a Listserv for sexual violence prevention and response professionals.

Methods: Of 316 women who completed initial screening, 89 qualified to complete a Qualtrics survey.

Reducing Sexual Assault on Campus: Lessons From the Movement to Prevent Drunk Driving.

I examined similarities and differences between the movement to prevent drunk driving of the 1980s, and current efforts to prevent and address campus sexual assault. As college and university administrators design policies and initiatives to reduce campus sexual assault in response to new federal legislation and regulation, they can apply lessons from successful public health initiatives to reduce drunk driving initiated more than 3 decades ago. I illustrate how interventions at the 5 levels of the social-ecological model, and messages that address entrenched cultural attitudes condoning sexual assault and blaming its victims can be used to combat campus sexual assault as a crime and a public health problem.

Changing attitudes about being a bystander to violence: translating an in-person sexual violence prevention program to a new campus.

Bystander approaches to reducing sexual violence train community members in prosocial roles to interrupt situations with risk of sexual violence and be supportive community allies after an assault. This study employs a true experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of Bringing in the Bystander™ through 1-year post-implementation with first-year students from two universities (one rural, primarily residential; one urban, heavily commuter). We found significant change in bystander attitudes for male and female student program participants compared with the control group on both campuses, although the pattern of change depended on the combination of gender and campus.

Encouraging responses in sexual and relationship violence prevention: what program effects remain 1 year later?

Colleges and universities are high-risk settings for sexual and relationship violence. To address these problems, institutions of higher education have implemented prevention programs, many of which train students as potential bystanders who can step in to help diffuse risky situations, identify and challenge perpetrators, and assist victims. The impact of bystander sexual and relationship violence prevention programs on long-term behavior of bystanders has remained a key unanswered question for those who seek to offer the most effective programs as well as for policy makers.

Addressing sexual and relationship violence in the LGBT community using a bystander framework.

Sexual and relationship violence are two major public health issues that affect an alarming number of undergraduate students. As a result, many colleges and universities have protocols to serve victims of these forms of violence. Despite federal legislation stating that all students should have equitable experiences, current protocols and programs focus primarily on heterosexual students.

Using a multimedia social marketing campaign to increase active bystanders on the college campus.

Objective: To evaluate the campus-wide administration of the Know Your Power bystander-oriented social marketing campaign.

Participants: Undergraduate students at a public college were invited to participate in a public awareness survey before and after the 6-week campaign administration in February and March 2009.

Methods: Pretest and posttests were administered (N = 353) to examine if exposure to the campaign changed students' stage of scale scores.

Translating sexual assault prevention from a college campus to a United States military installation: piloting the know-your-power bystander social marketing campaign.

One population that shares both similar and different characteristics with traditional college-age students is the U.S. Military.

An examination of SANE data: clinical considerations based on victim-assailant relationship.

The current study analyzes adult female sexual assault data, collected by sexual assault nurse examiners (SANEs) in New Hampshire, United States, between 1997 and 2007. The purposes of this study were to (1) explore the relationship between patient and assailant, (2) examine patients' physical findings according to assailant type, (3) describe characteristics of both the patients and the assaults, and (4) make care recommendations. Secondary analysis was conducted on data gathered by SANEs from responses to a standardized questionnaire based on the medical/forensic examination of each patient over an 11-year period.