Publications by authors named "Sharp W"

Objective: As diagnoses covering dysfunctional feeding and eating in pediatrics, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) and pediatric feeding disorder (PFD) contain inherent areas of overlap in their diagnostic criteria. Areas of overlap include criteria regarding nutritional consequences associated with feeding/eating dysfunction and shared emphasis on possible psychosocial impairment associated with restricted food intake. Complicating the differential diagnosis process is a lack of guidance regarding when the two conditions occur independently, co-qualify, and/or transition into the other.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers used community input, conducted focus groups, and gathered feedback from experts to develop a 91-item tool.
  • * The final measure will help understand the impacts of food allergies on families with children aged two to twelve years, emphasizing the importance of caregiver perspectives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Two recent systematic reviews provide important insights into the current state of the eating disorder literature regarding autistic traits, ASD prevalence, and experience with accessing treatment, with a specific focus on anorexia nervosa (AN). The extant literature provides converging evidence for elevated autistic traits in individuals with AN, while evidence for increased prevalence of ASD in AN is less robust. Presence of autistic traits or a formal ASD diagnosis both appear to elevate the potential for a more complicated experience during eating disorder treatment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Although intensive multidisciplinary interventions (IMIs) provide benefits for patients with pediatric feeding disorders (PFD), access to these programs is limited and challenges faced by the programs remain unclear.

Objective: To better understand the barriers faced by existing day programs that provide IMI, disparities in patient care, and areas for improvement to better inform policy and improve access to treatment for PFD.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a leader of outpatient programs providing IMI in the United States.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Food allergy (FA) affects around 5.6 million children in the United States, conferring risk for negative impacts on growth and psychosocial functioning. While evidence suggests a higher prevalence of feeding difficulties in children with FA, the link between FA and feeding dysfunction remains unclear.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Advancing care in Emergency Medicine (EM) requires the development of well-trained researchers, but our specialty has lower amounts of research funding compared to similar medical fields. Increasing the number of pathways available for research training supports the growth of new investigators. To address the need for more EM researchers, the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine and the American College of Emergency Physicians convened a Federal Research Funding Workgroup.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Doctoral psychology internships play a key role in the development of the competencies of the clinical child and adolescent psychologist workforce needed to serve the increasing behavioral and mental health needs of children. This study surveyed 50 internship training directors regarding workforce needs, the structure of experiential internship components, and the organizational infrastructure and funding of internship programs that provide focused care to children and adolescents within medical settings. Findings suggest that internships most commonly occur within academic medical settings and include clinical child psychology, integrated care, pediatric psychology, neuropsychology, and developmental disabilities tracks.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Intensive multidisciplinary intervention is increasingly recognized as the standard of care for children with complex feeding problems. Much, however, remains unknown about this treatment model. This current qualitative, prospective study sought to identify intensive multidisciplinary day hospital programs operating in the US, describe the treatment approach, and summarize current capacity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Pediatric feeding disorder (PFD) is increasingly common and is often treated by speech language pathologists (SLPs) and occupational therapists (OTs) in the community setting. However, the preparedness of these disciplines to effectively address PFD is relatively unknown.

Methods: A national (US), online survey was disseminated to providers who assess and treat PFD.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: We aimed to characterize stature in pediatric patients with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), including associations between body size and nutrient intake and height.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of pre-treatment data from 60 patients diagnosed with ARFID that were collected from the electronic medical record. Anthropometric measurements were converted to age- and sex-specific Z-scores using pediatric CDC growth charts.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To examine clinical correlates and prevalence of food selectivity (FS) - ie, self-restricted diet, reluctance to try new foods - in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ascertained from a general outpatient autism clinic.

Study Design: A multidisciplinary team (pediatric nurse practitioner, psychologist and dietitian) assessed medical and psychosocial histories and dietary habits in 103 children with ASD (mean age = 5.8 ± 2.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Shannon entropy is a core concept in machine learning and information theory, particularly in decision tree modeling. To date, no studies have extensively and quantitatively applied Shannon entropy in a systematic way to quantify the entropy of clinical situations using diagnostic variables (true and false positives and negatives, respectively). Decision tree representations of medical decision-making tools can be generated using diagnostic variables found in literature and entropy removal can be calculated for these tools.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is diagnosed when food avoidance leads to clinically significant nutritional, weight/growth, or psychosocial impairment. As many as 81.5% of children and adolescents diagnosed with ARFID have a history of a medical condition associated with pain, fatigue, or malaise.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Drp1 is a GTPase protein that promotes mitochondrial fission and increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in heart cells, making it a potential target for reducing damage from ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury.
  • Using both cardiomyocyte-specific Drp1 knockout (KO) mice and a new, specific Drp1 inhibitor (Drpitor1a), researchers found that short-term Drp1 inhibition improves heart function and mitochondrial performance after IR injury.
  • However, prolonged ablation of Drp1 led to cardiomyopathy, indicating that while short-term Drp1 inhibition can be beneficial, extended absence may disrupt normal heart function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Paediatric feeding disorder (PFD) is a common childhood condition, estimated to impact one in 37 American children under the age of five. Such high prevalence occurs against a backdrop of limited understanding of the community treatment landscape in the United States.

Method: To better understand the community treatment landscape for PFD in the United States and identify provider and treatment delivery characteristics, we collected primary data through a web-based survey targeting providers from all four PFD domains (i.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This study computationally evaluates the molecular docking affinity of various perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAs) towards blood proteins using a generative machine-learning algorithm, DiffDock, specialized in protein-ligand blind-docking learning and prediction. Concerns about the chemical pathways and accumulation of PFAs in the environment and eventually in the human body has been rising due to empirical findings that levels of PFAs in human blood has been rising. DiffDock may offer a fast approach in determining the fate and potential molecular pathways of PFAs in human body.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: Feeding difficulties after congenital heart surgery are a common concern for caregivers of children with CHD. Insight into the intricacies of their experience is lacking. With a better understanding, healthcare providers can continue to optimize the approach and support mechanisms for these families.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: The role of the common channel length in duodenal switch (DS) on remission of type II diabetes mellitus (DM), when stratifying patients based on diabetes severity, is not well understood.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 341 consecutive patients with DM undergoing DS with one of three different common channel (CC) lengths (100 cm, 150 cm, and 200 cm), each with a fixed 300 cm alimentary limb (AL). Patients were stratified by insulin dependence (IDDM) versus non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To undertake an economic evaluation of community water fluoridation (CWF) in remote communities of the Northern Territory (NT).

Design: Dental caries experiences were compared between CWF and non-CWF communities before and after intervention. Costs and benefits of CWF are ascertained from the health sector perspective using water quality, accounting, oral health, dental care and hospitalisation datasets.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Symptoms related to infant ankyloglossia/tongue-tie may deter mothers from breastfeeding, yet frenotomy is controversial.

Methods: Databases included PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from 1961-2023. Controlled trials and cohort studies with validated measures of surgical efficacy for breastfeeding outcomes were eligible.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF