Long-term safety and effectiveness of berotralstat for hereditary angioedema: The open-label APeX-S study.

Background: Berotralstat (BCX7353) is an oral, once-daily inhibitor of plasma kallikrein recently approved for prevention of angioedema attacks in adults and adolescents with hereditary angioedema (HAE). The objective of this report is to summarize results from an interim analysis of an ongoing long-term safety study of berotralstat in patients with HAE.

Methods: APeX-S is an ongoing, phase 2, open-label study conducted in 22 countries (ClinicalTrials.

Supporting the whole child through coordinated policies, processes, and practices.

Background: The Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) model provides a framework for promoting greater alignment, integration, and collaboration between health and education across the school setting and improving students' cognitive, physical, social, and emotional development. By providing a learning environment that ensures each student is emotionally and physically healthy, safe, actively engaged, supported, and challenged, the WSCC model presents a framework for school systems to evaluate, streamline, implement, and sustain policies, processes, and practices.

Methods: This article examines the essential roles of the school district and of schools in aligning, developing, and implementing policy, processes, and practices to create optimal learning environments that support the whole child.

Chemoimmunotherapy using pegylated liposomal Doxorubicin and interleukin-18 in recurrent ovarian cancer: a phase I dose-escalation study.

Recombinant interleukin (IL)-18 (SB-485232) is an immunostimulatory cytokine, with shown antitumor activity in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in preclinical models. This phase I study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and biologic activity of SB-485232 administered in combination with PLD in subjects with recurrent ovarian cancer. The protocol comprised four cycles of PLD (40 mg/m(2)) on day 1 every 28 days, in combination with SB-485232 at increasing doses (1, 3, 10, 30, and 100 μg/kg) on days 2 and 9 of each cycle, to be administered over five subject cohorts, followed by discretionary PLD monotherapy.

A pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and safety study of intravenous cyclophosphamide with an oral casopitant antiemetic regimen in cancer patients.

Casopitant is a potent and selective neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist formerly under development for a number of indications, including the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. This study was an open-label, randomized, multi-center, two-period crossover casopitant-cyclophosphamide interaction study. Subjects were cancer patients receiving cyclophosphamide based chemotherapy.

A dose-escalation study of recombinant human interleukin-18 in combination with rituximab in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is an immunostimulatory cytokine with antitumor activity in preclinical models. Rituximab is a CD20 monoclonal antibody with activity against human B-cell lymphomas. A phase I study of recombinant human (rh) IL-18 given with rituximab was performed in patients with CD20+ lymphoma.

Phase I study of GSK461364, a specific and competitive Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid malignancies.

Purpose: GSK461364 is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1). A phase I study of two schedules of intravenous GSK461364 was conducted.

Experimental Design: GSK461364 was administered in escalating doses to patients with solid malignancies by two schedules, either on days 1, 8, and 15 of 28-day cycles (schedule A) or on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16 of 28-day cycles (schedule B).

Effect of hepatic or renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of casopitant, a NK-1 receptor antagonist.

Two studies were conducted in subjects with mild or moderate hepatic or renal impairment and subjects with normal organ function to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of casopitant and to assess its safety in these populations. A total of 26 subjects were enrolled in the hepatic impairment study and 18 subjects in the renal impairment study. All subjects received oral casopitant 100 mg once-daily for 5 days.

Caesarean section and macrosomia increase transient tachypnoea of the newborn in type 1 diabetes pregnancies.

We determined whether transient tachypnoea of the newborn (TTN) is more common in macrosomic versus normal weight infants and in those delivered by caesarean section versus vaginally, in a retrospective cohort analysis of 212 type 1 diabetes pregnancies. Caesarean section and macrosomia were both associated with higher TTN rates.

Lack of effect of casopitant on the pharmacokinetics of docetaxel in patients with cancer.

Purpose: The neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, casopitant, is a weak-to-moderate inhibitor of cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 3A4 (CYP3A) and has the potential to inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A substrates such as docetaxel.

Methods: Fourteen cancer patients were enrolled in this phase 1, open-label, randomized, two-period crossover study. Intravenous (i.

Sample size calculations for crossover thorough QT studies: satisfaction of regulatory threshold and assay sensitivity.

The cost for conducting a "thorough QT/QTc study" is substantial and an unsuccessful outcome of the study can be detrimental to the safety profile of the drug, so sample size calculations play a very important role in ensuring adequate power for a thorough QT study. Current literature offers some help in designing such studies, but these methods have limitations and mostly apply only in the context of linear mixed models with compound symmetry covariance structure. It is not evident that such models can satisfactorily be employed to represent all kinds of QTc data, and the existing literature inadequately addresses whether there is a change in sample size and power for more general covariance structures for the linear mixed models.

Effect of casopitant, a novel NK-1 receptor antagonist, on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of steady-state warfarin.

Casopitant, a novel NK-1 receptor antagonist under investigation for the prevention of postoperative and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, is a weak to moderate inhibitor of CYP3A and a moderate inducer of CYP2C9 in vitro. Furthermore, both CYP enzymes are involved in the metabolism of R- and S-warfarin, respectively. This clinical study was conducted to explore the potential drug-drug interaction between casopitant and warfarin.

Single-dose pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sergliflozin etabonate, a novel inhibitor of glucose reabsorption, in healthy volunteers and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Sergliflozin, the active entity of sergliflozin etabonate, is a selective inhibitor of sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2). The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sergliflozin were evaluated following single oral dose administration of sergliflozin etabonate (5-500 mg) in healthy volunteers (n = 22) and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 8). The prodrug was rapidly and extensively converted to sergliflozin; the latter displayed linear kinetics, reached maximum plasma concentrations at approximately 30 to 45 minutes postdose (t(max)), and had a plasma elimination half-life (t(1/2)) of approximately 0.

Safety and pharmacokinetics of brecanavir, a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, following repeat administration with and without ritonavir in healthy adult subjects.

Brecanavir (BCV) is a novel, potent protease inhibitor in development for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection with low nM in vitro 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) against many multiprotease inhibitor resistant viruses. This study was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled repeat-dose escalation to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of BCV, with or without ritonavir (RTV), in 68 healthy subjects. Seven sequential cohorts (n=10) received BCV (50 to 600 mg) in combination with 100 mg RTV (every 12 h [q12h] or q24h) or alone at 800 mg q12h for 15 days.

Successful strategies and lessons learned from development of large-scale partnerships of national non-governmental organisations.

National governments worldwide work to improve education and health outcomes for children and youth and influence their behaviours. Also heavily engaged are national non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in the voluntary and non-profit sector. While individual agencies and non-profit organisations are often concerned with specific issues of interest related to their charge, constituency or membership, they often develop allegiances with like-minded groups to accomplish broader goals.

Single-dose safety and pharmacokinetics of brecanavir, a novel human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor.

Brecanavir (BCV, 640385) is a novel, potent protease inhibitor (PI) with low nanomolar 50% inhibitory concentrations against PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. This phase I, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, two-part single-dose study (first time with humans) was conducted to determine the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of BCV administered at 10 mg/ml in a tocopherol-polyethylene glycol succinate-polyethylene glycol 400-ethanol 50:40:10 solution. In part 1 of the study, single oral doses of BCV ranged from 25 mg to 800 mg.

Next generation pharmaceutical impactor (a new impactor for pharmaceutical inhaler testing). Part II: Archival calibration.

A new seven-stage cascade impactor, the Next Generation Pharmaceutical Impactor (NGI), has been developed for the pharmaceutical industry. A calibration following "good laboratory practice (GLP)" procedures has been performed on a specific archival NGI, deemed to be representative of all NGIs. Thus, this impactor had nozzle dimensions for each stage manufactured close to the middle of the tolerance band for the design specification, and therefore the average nozzle diameter was equal to the nominal value for that stage.