Tidal volume and minute ventilation parameters derived from pacemaker impedance measurements can predict experimental heart failure development.

Background: Specific respiratory patterns and periodic breathing have been associated with heart failure. Less is known regarding changes in tidal volume (TV) and minute ventilation (MV) as a result of early heart failure (HF) decompensation.

Methods And Results: Twelve adult Yucatan minipigs were implanted with a biventricular pacemaker and a left ventricular pressure sensor.

Tiletamine-zolazepam and xylazine is a potent cardiodepressive combination: a case report.

Intramuscular injection of tiletamine-zolazepam and xylazine is commonly used as a preanesthetic for veterinary surgical procedures and for short-term restraint. However, this combination can have marked cardiodepressive and hypothermic effects that persist for hours to days. Here we present a case report of these effects in a swine heart failure model.