Sodium dietary restriction, knowledge, beliefs, and decision-making behavior of older females.

Purpose: The purposes of this qualitative/descriptive study were to (a) explore experiences and decision-making behaviors associated with adoption of a sodium-restricted diet (SRD) among older women with hypertension or heart failure and (b) identify healthcare system and contextual factors that facilitate or impede adherence to SRD.

Data Sources: Participants were 33 single older women, aged 65-98 years, residing in three congregate living facilities in the high-risk "coronary valley" area of the United States. A semistructured interview format was employed with three focus groups.

Comparison of anxiety between smokers and nonsmokers with acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Increased anxiety correlates with increased complications after acute myocardial infarction. Anxiety levels and use of anxiolytic agents have not been compared between smokers and nonsmokers hospitalized because of acute myocardial infarction.

Objectives: To compare anxiety level, sociodemographic factors, and clinical variables between smokers and nonsmokers hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction and to examine predictors of use of beta-blockers and anxiolytic agents among smokers and nonsmokers.

Counseling parents to quit smoking.

It is estimated that 20%-50% of adult smokers reside with children, and the majority of these smokers (70%) continue to smoke inside their homes despite the adverse health effects of second hand smoke (SHS) for their children (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1997). Smoking is more prevalent among parents with lower incomes and less education (U.S.

Smoking behavior and desire to quit among low-income female caregivers.

The purpose of this study was to examine smoking behavior and the desire to quit among low-income women. Two hundred and eight women caregivers were surveyed about their smoking status, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the home, and desire to quit smoking. Most of the smokers (74%) wanted to quit smoking.

How to help older adults quit smoking.

With the demographic trend toward an aging society, helping older smokers break a long-term nicotine addiction needs more attention. Clinicians should consider the subtle differences in the smoking patterns and the psychological meanings of smoking among older smokers when prescribing a successful smoking cessation modality. This article discusses the essential components of a smoking cessation program designed for these individuals.

Counseling middle-aged women about physical activity using the stages of change.

Purpose: To discuss application of the Stages of Change theoretical framework and provide clinical tips on exercise adherence among midlife women. Included is a checklist to assist the nurse practitioner (NP) in effectively delivering the message.

Data Sources: Review of the current scientific literature on exercise adherence and the Stages of Change model.