Influence of BI-RADS Breast Density Scores on the Implementation of Supplemental Imaging Modalities in Those With Average Risk and Negative Mammogram by Primary Care Providers in British Columbia.

Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) density scores have been included in screening mammography reports in BC since 2018. Despite these density scores being present in screening mammography reports for numerous years, there remains insufficient evidence to guide supplemental testing for patients with dense breasts. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate how primary care providers in Canada utilize BI-RADS density scores reported on normal screening mammograms of average risk, asymptomatic patients in their clinical practice.

Insights from North American radiology grand rounds: Determining patterns of gender bias in professional introductions.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the impact of moderator and speaker gender, as well as geographic location, on the use of professional titles during introductions in radiology grand rounds. Specifically, the study aimed to investigate potential gender disparities in how moderators introduce speakers, focusing on the use of formal titles such as "Doctor" compared to informal name-based introductions.

Methods: The study utilized English-language radiology grand rounds video recordings from seven institutions in Canada and the United States of America (USA) that were chosen due to their publicly available videos.

Assessing and improving women representation in radiology leadership positions.

Gender representation remains a critical issue in professions, especially within medical specialties like radiology, where the representation of women in leadership roles significantly lags. Despite a promising increase in women physicians in Canada, reaching 42.7% by 2019, radiology showcases a stark gender disparity, particularly in leadership positions.

Gender Dynamics in Radiology: The Influence of Terminology on Subspecialty Choices.

Gender disparity in radiology and its subspecialties presents a significant and persistent challenge, with only a small fraction of female Canadian medical students choosing radiology compared to their male counterparts. This disparity is further reflected in the professional landscape, where only 23% of practicing radiologists are women, predominantly concentrated in "women's imaging," which typically includes breast and gynecological imaging. This categorization not only perpetuates professional segregation by reinforcing gender stereotypes but also impacts patient care and research by suggesting that these areas are exclusively women's health issues.

Catalyzing Increased Representation of Women in Radiology: Role of Radiology Interest Groups.

Radiology Interest Groups (RIGs) in medical education are a catalyst for enhancing the appeal of the discipline and catapulting professional development of medical students. Despite the growing number of women amongst medical school graduates, a significant gender disparity persists in radiology, partly due to obstacles including limited exposure, lack of role models and mentors. This article evaluates the role of RIGs in bridging the gender gap and highlights the challenges women medical students face and proposes targeted initiatives to promote their participation in RIGs.

Online Formative Assessments in Medical Education During COVID-19.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate perception of medical students regarding online mode of assessments and to compare the academic outcomes of various methodologies adopted for online formative assessments.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. This study was conducted in the department of biochemistry at the constituent medical college of Health University in India and included 150 first year medical undergraduates of either gender.

Factors related to spontaneous space closure following early first permanent molar extraction: A systematic review.

Background: Dental caries and molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) are primary reasons for the extraction of first permanent molars (M1) in children, which can lead to significant dental and facial development issues such as a midline shift and temporomandibular joint disorder.

Aim: This systematic review aimed to identify key factors influencing spontaneous space closure following the early extraction of first permanent molars (M1) in children aged 5-15.

Design: We conducted a comprehensive search across Scopus, PubMed, Dimensions, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases, including the literature from 1960 to 2024.

Association between Dental Fear and Children's Oral Health-Related Quality of Life.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between both parental dental fear and children's dental fear and its impact on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of Saudi children in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Data on 93 individuals aged 7-12 years were collected using clinical examination and Arabic-validated questionnaires: the Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form (COHIP-SF19), and the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS). Negative binomial regression analysis was performed to study the association between children's fear and parental dental fear as well as the OHRQoL, while adjusting for certain confounders.

The Status of Canadian Radiology Mentorship Programs, Where We Stand and Where to Improve.

The importance of mentorship in medicine is well-established. Access to mentors is pivotal in enhancing career opportunities and networking, increasing research productivity, and overall wellness and resilience at all career stages. Our study aims to assess the current status of radiology mentorship programs for Canadian medical students and radiology residents.

Evaluating Artificial Intelligence Competency in Education: Performance of ChatGPT-4 in the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) Radiography Certification Exam.

Rationale And Objectives: The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) leads the certification process with an exam comprising 200 multiple-choice questions. This study aims to evaluate ChatGPT-4's performance in responding to practice questions similar to those found in the ARRT board examination.

Materials And Methods: We used a dataset of 200 practice multiple-choice questions for the ARRT certification exam from BoardVitals.

Finite Element Analysis and Clinical Applications of Transverse Post for the Rehabilitation of Endodontically Treated Teeth.

Introduction The preservation of tooth structure during cavity preparation is crucial for maintaining tooth strength and longevity of restorations. The biomechanical behavior of teeth, especially those with mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavity preparations, is significantly affected by the extent of cavity preparation and the type of restorative treatment employed. The aim of the current study was to evaluate and analyze the stress distribution seen in the mandibular molar with MOD cavity when restored with transverse post, using finite element analysis (FEA).

Readability and Accessibility of Patient-Education Materials for Heart Failure in the United States.

Online education materials are widely used by patients and caregivers to understand the management of complex chronic diseases such as heart failure (HF). Organizations such as the American Medical Association and National Institutes of Health recommend that materials be written at a 6th-grade reading level. The current study examined the readability and accessibility of online education materials for patients with HF.

Designing Novel Endodontic Implants and Evaluation of the Stress Distribution in Maxillary Anteriors Using Finite Element Analysis.

Introduction Endodontic implants, or didontic implants, offer a promising solution for stabilizing compromised teeth with a guarded prognosis and prolonging their clinical survival rate. Despite their potential benefits, they retired out of practice due to failures that arose from the lack of a biocompatible seal and engaging in dentin. Novel designs, based on evidence-based research with the help of bioceramics, present an opportunity to overcome these challenges and hence, enhance the clinical efficacy of endodontic implants.

Temporal Single Cell Analysis of Leukemia Microenvironment Identifies Taurine-Taurine Transporter Axis as a Key Regulator of Myeloid Leukemia.

Signals from the microenvironment are known to be critical for development, sustaining adult stem cells, and for oncogenic progression. While candidate niche-driven signals that can promote cancer progression have been identified, concerted efforts to comprehensively map microenvironmental ligands for cancer stem cell specific surface receptors have been lacking. Here, we use temporal single cell RNA-sequencing to identify molecular cues from the bone marrow stromal niche that engage leukemia stem cells (LSC) during oncogenic progression.

Genetic Signature for the Causation of Charcot Neuro-osteoarthropathy of Foot in Diabetes: A Systematic Review.

Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy (CNO) is a complication of diabetes occurring in people with diabetic neuropathy with a prevalence of 0.5% to 1% that may culminate to foot deformity, amputation, and early mortality. However, it is not known why only certain patients with diabetic neuropathy develop CNO.

Evaluation of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of royal jelly against , and .

Objective: The objective of this study was to ascertain the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of royal jelly (RJ) against three microorganisms frequently linked with endodontic infections: , and .

Materials And Methods: Freshly harvested RJ was prepared at different concentrations (20%, 10%, 5%, 2.5%, and 1.

Authorship gender among articles about artificial intelligence in breast imaging.

Rationale And Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the variance of women authors, specifically first and senior authorship among peer-reviewed artificial intelligence-related articles with a specific focus in breast imaging.

Materials And Methods: A strategic search was conducted in July 2022 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to capture all existing and publicly available peer-reviewed articles intersecting AI and breast imaging. Primary outcomes were first and senior authors' gender, which were assigned with the aid of an emailed self-declaration survey.

Trends in epidemiology of dyslipidemias in India.

Dyslipidemias are the most important coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factor. High total cholesterol and its principal subtypes: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein (NHDL) cholesterol are the most important. Epidemiological and Mendelian randomization studies have confirmed role of raised triglycerides and lipoprotein(a).