Effects of Ligand Environment in Zr(IV) Assisted Peptide Hydrolysis.

In this DFT study, activities of 11 different NO, NO, and NO core containing Zr(IV) complexes, 4,13-diaza-18-crown-6 (I'), 1,4,10-trioxa-7,13-diazacyclopentadecane (I'), and 2-(2-methoxy)ethanol (I'), respectively, and their analogues in peptide hydrolysis have been investigated. Based on the experimental information, these molecules were created by altering protonation states (singly protonated, doubly protonated, or doubly deprotonated) and number of their ligands. The energetics of the I', and I' and their analogues predicted that both stepwise and concerted mechanisms occurred either with similar barriers, or the latter was more favorable than the former.

Deficiency in DNA damage response, a new characteristic of cells infected with latent HIV-1.

Viruses can interact with host cell molecules responsible for the recognition and repair of DNA lesions, resulting in dysfunctional DNA damage response (DDR). Cells with inefficient DDR are more vulnerable to therapeutic approaches that target DDR, thereby raising DNA damage to a threshold that triggers apoptosis. Here, we demonstrate that 2 Jurkat-derived cell lines with incorporated silent HIV-1 provirus show increases in DDR signaling that responds to formation of double strand DNA breaks (DSBs).

Remediation of anionic dye from aqueous system using bio-adsorbent prepared by microwave activation.

The present study was attempted to ascertain the possible application of activated carbon as a cost-effective and eco-friendly adsorbent prepared via microwave-assisted chemical activation. The activated carbon was characterized using different techniques. The various adsorption parameters have been optimized to examine the viability of activated carbon as a plausible sorbent for the remediation of Congo red (CR) dye from the aquatic system.

Unravelling the Complete Genome of Archangium gephyra DSM 2261T and Evolutionary Insights into Myxobacterial Chitinases.

Family Cystobacteraceae is a group of eubacteria within order Myxococcales and class Deltaproteobacteria that includes more than 20 species belonging to 6 genera, that is, Angiococcus, Archangium, Cystobacter, Hyalangium, Melittangium, and Stigmatella. Earlier these members have been classified based on chitin degrading efficiency such as Cystobacter fuscus and Stigmatella aurantiaca, which are efficient chitin degraders, C. violaceus a partial chitin degrader and Archangium gephyra a chitin nondegrader.

Sedation in oral and maxillofacial day care surgery: A comparative study between intravenous dexmedetomidine and midazolam.

Introduction: Sedation is an important component of day care oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures under local anesthesia. Although various sedative drugs in different regimens have been used for sedation, an ideal agent and regimen are yet to be established.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine and midazolam as a sedative agent for day care oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures.

Risk Factors of Reoperation After Pancreatic Resection.

Background: Pancreatic resection is associated with a high incidence of postoperative complications, some of which require reoperation.

Aims: To analyze the incidence of and risk factors for reoperation following pancreatectomy.

Methods: Pre- and postoperative information and procedure characteristics of 15,549 patients having undergone pancreatectomy in 435 hospitals participating in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program from 2011 to 2014 were analyzed.

Big data challenges in decoding cortical activity in a human with quadriplegia to inform a brain computer interface.

Recent advances in Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) have created hope that one day paralyzed patients will be able to regain control of their paralyzed limbs. As part of an ongoing clinical study, we have implanted a 96-electrode Utah array in the motor cortex of a paralyzed human. The array generates almost 3 million data points from the brain every second.

Impact of body mass index and gender on wound complications after lower extremity arterial surgery.

Objective: Wound complications (WCs) after lower extremity arterial surgery (LEAS) are common, resulting in readmissions and reinterventions. Whereas diabetes and obesity are known risk factors for WCs, gender-specific variability in body fat distribution (android vs gynoid) may drive differential risks of WCs after LEAS. We analyzed the independent and synergistic effects of gender and body mass index (BMI) on WCs.

Oral health considerations in a patient with oligosymptomatic ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft syndrome.

Ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft (EEC) syndrome-a complex, pleiotropic disorder resulting in multiple congenital anomalies-has an unpredictable clinical expression and is typically manifested as an autosomal-dominant trait. This article presents a rare case of oligosymptomatic EEC syndrome in a 19-year-old man who exhibited atypical dental findings but no cleft lip or palate. This article is intended to create awareness about this rare syndrome and highlight the role of oral healthcare specialists in improving the quality of life for patients with EEC.

Malabsorption, Orocecal Transit Time and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Connection.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus consists of dysfunctions characterized by hyperglycemia and resulting from combination of resistance to insulin action and inadequate insulin secretion. Most of diabetic patients report significant gastrointestinal symptoms. Entire GI tract can be affected by diabetes from oral cavity to large bowel and anorectal region.

Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Untranslated Promoter Regions for Class I Genes.

Polymorphisms located within the have been linked to many disease outcomes by mechanisms not yet fully understood in most cases. Variants located within untranslated regions of genes are involved in allele-specific expression and may therefore underlie some of these disease associations. We determined sequences extending nearly 2 kb upstream of the transcription start site for 68 alleles from 57 major lineages of classical class I genes.

Niosome-based hydrogel of resveratrol for topical applications: An effective therapy for pain related disorder(s).

The present work endeavors for development and evaluation of resveratrol loaded niosomal hydrogel system for its anti-inflammatory action. Niosomes were prepared by thin film hydration and ether injection methods employing Span 80 as a surfactant at three different levels. Best optimized formulation was selected on the basis of entrapment efficiency (% EE), mean particle size, sedimentation volume, and microscopy.

Repair of a bowel-containing, scrotal hernia with incarceration contributed by femorofemoral bypass graft.

The rising use of endovascular techniques utilizing femoral artery access may increase the frequency with which surgeons face the challenge of hernia repair in reoperative groins-which may or may not include a vascular graft. We present a case where a vascular graft contributed to an acute presentation and complicated dissection, and review the literature. A 67-year-old man who had undergone prior endovascular aneurysm repair via open bilateral femoral artery access and concomitant prosthetic femorofemoral bypass, presented with an incarcerated, scrotal inguinal hernia.

A Century of Surgical Innovation at a Boston Hospital.

Background: Innovation has been a central focus of the Department of Surgery at the Brigham and Women's Hospital since its very inception. Here we review examples of innovations originating in this Department and analyze factors that have been critical to successful innovation. Finally, we discuss challenges to sustainability of innovation in this Department.

Revolution from monometallic to trimetallic nanoparticle composites, various synthesis methods and their applications: A review.

Trimetallic nanoparticles are mainly formed by the combination of three different metals. The trimetallic catalysts were considerably more professional than bimetallic one. The trimetallic and bimetallic nanoparticles are of enormous attention than that of monometallic in both technological and scientific view as in these nanoparticles the catalytic properties can be tailored better than that of in the single monometallic catalyst.

Functional and computed tomography correlation of femoral and tibial tunnels in single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Use of accessory anteromedial portal.

Background: An accessory anteromedial portal (AAMP) has been shown to be effective in placing an anatomically ideal femoral tunnel. It is well known that this is due to the independent femoral drilling which is possible with the AAMP. However very little is known regarding the significance of this reconstruction technique in influencing the functional outcomes of anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Morphology of the posteromedial fragment in pertrochanteric fractures: A three-dimensional computed tomography analysis.

Background: In this study we describe the morphology of the posteromedial fragment in pertrochanteric fractures using 3D CT scans and answer two questions 1) Do differences exist between the 3D CT appearances of posteromedial fragments and the depictions made in the AO classification 2) Does the posteromedial fragment affect stability in pertrochanteric fractures, in terms of fracture collapse?

Methods: Preoperative CT scans of eight 31-A1 and fifty 31-A2 fractures were analysed. The presence of PM fragment, its fragmentation, greater trochanter (GT) involvement, lesser trochanter (LT) fragment size (in terms of its posterior and medial extent as well as LT length), LT fragment displacement (in terms of medial displacement and rotation) were determined. All fractures were treated with a DHS.

Fabrication and characterization of chitosan-crosslinked-poly(alginic acid) nanohydrogel for adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) metal ion from aqueous medium.

In this study, chitosan-crosslinked-poly (alginic acid) nanohydrogel (CN-cl-PL(AA)NHG) was synthesized by co-polymerization method. It was used an effective adsorbent for the exclusion of Cr(VI) metal ion from aqueous medium. The synthesized nanohydrogel was characterized by FTIR, SEM and TEM.

Use of closed suction drain after primary total knee arthroplasty - an overrated practice.

Purpose: The age-old practice of closed suction drain following orthopedic procedures has been challenged since past few decades. Our aim was to assess the effectiveness of closed suction drain after total knee arthroplasty.

Materials And Methods: One hundred twenty patients (135 knees) with primary Total Knee Arthroplasty were divided into a study group (no drain) and a control group (drain used).

A relationship between vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium levels and lactose intolerance in type 2 diabetic patients and healthy subjects.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is chronic metabolic disorder. Common gastrointestinal symptoms in type 2 diabetic patients are flatulence, constipation and/or diarrhea. Reason for these may be lactose intolerance leading to change in vitamin D, Calcium and parathyroid hormone which further regulate bone mineralization.

Mechanisms of peptide hydrolysis by aspartyl and metalloproteases.

Peptide hydrolysis has been involved in a wide range of biological, biotechnological, and industrial applications. In this perspective, the mechanisms of three distinct peptide bond cleaving enzymes, beta secretase (BACE1), insulin degrading enzyme (IDE), and bovine lens leucine aminopeptidase (BILAP), have been discussed. BACE1 is a catalytic Asp dyad [Asp, Asp] containing aspartyl protease, while IDE and BILAP are mononuclear [Zn(His, His, Glu)] and binuclear [Zn1(Asp, Glu, Asp)-Zn2(Lys, Glu, Asp, Asp)] core possessing metallopeptidases, respectively.

Implementation of a Comprehensive Post-Discharge Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis Program for Abdominal and Pelvic Surgery Patients.

Background: Prophylactic anticoagulation is routinely used in the inpatient setting; however, the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains elevated after discharge. Extensive evidence and clinical guidelines suggest post-discharge VTE prophylaxis is critical in at-risk populations, but it remains severely underused in practice.

Study Design: We performed a single-institution retrospective, nonrandomized, pre- and post-intervention analysis of a systematic post-discharge pharmacologic prophylaxis program against the primary end point, which is post-discharge symptomatic VTE.