New initiatives: A psychiatric inpatient facility for older adolescents in India.

Context: Almost 1/5 of the adolescent population suffers from mental morbidity. In older adolescents, clinical challenges are accompanied by unique psychosocial and developmental needs. Recent legislations in India - the Mental Health Care Act, 2017 and the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 - mandate specific arrangements and provisions for evaluation and treatment of children and adolescents.

Longitudinal e-Cigarette and Cigarette Use Among US Youth in the PATH Study (2013-2015).

Background: Evidence is accumulating that youth who try Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS, e-cigarettes) may go on to try cigarettes. This analysis examines the bidirectional patterns of ENDS and cigarette use among US youth over one year and uses propensity score matching (PSM) to examine frequency of ENDS use on changes in cigarette smoking.

Methods: Our analysis included 11 996 participants who had two waves of available data (Wave 1 [W1] 2013-2014; Wave 2 [W2] 2014-2015) drawn from the longitudinal Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.

Vancomycin-Induced Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis: A Rare Case Report.

Vancomycin causes different types of hypersensitivity reactions, ranging from localized skin reactions to generalized cardiovascular collapse. However, cases of vancomycin-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis are rare. In this article, we present a case where the patient developed palpable purpura on his bilateral lower limbs following treatment with vancomycin.

Impact of Slice Thickness on the Predictive Value of Lung Cancer Screening Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Coronary Artery Calcification.

Background Image reconstruction thickness may impact quantitative coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) from lung cancer screening computed tomography (LCSCT), limiting its application in practice. Methods and Results We evaluated Agatston-based quantitative CACS from 1.25-mm LCSCT and cardiac computed tomography for agreement in 87 patients.

Metal-Organic Framework Showing Selective and Sensitive Detection of Exogenous and Endogenous Formaldehyde.

In this work, we report a new hydrazine-functionalized Al(III)- based metal-organic framework having MIL-53 (MIL = Material of Institute Lavoisier) framework topology for the sensitive and selective detection of formaldehyde (FA). The phase purity of the thermally activated and as-synthesized forms of the material was examined by X-ray powder diffraction experiments, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The desolvated material (1') showed great potential for the selective sensing of FA in the existence of other potentially competitive aldehydes in both aqueous and 10 mM HEPES buffer (pH = 7.

Differential quantitative regulation of specific gene groups and pathways under drought stress in rice.

Abiotic stresses like drought are detrimental for growth and development and lead to loss in crop production. To be able to adapt and survive under such adverse conditions, synchronous regulation of a rather large number of genes is required. Here, we have used a bioinformatics approach to identify gene groups and associated pathways from microarray and RNA-seq experiments that are restricted in their gene expression amplitude within fold change intervals (FCI) under drought stress conditions.

Correlates of Transitions in Tobacco Product Use by U.S. Adult Tobacco Users between 2013⁻2014 and 2014⁻2015: Findings from the PATH Study Wave 1 and Wave 2.

More than half of adult tobacco users in the United States (U.S.) transitioned in tobacco product use between 2013⁻2014 and 2014⁻2015.

Transitions in Tobacco Product Use by U.S. Adults between 2013⁻2014 and 2014⁻2015: Findings from the PATH Study Wave 1 and Wave 2.

In 2013⁻2014, nearly 28% of adults in the United States (U.S.) were current tobacco users with cigarettes the most common product used and with nearly 40% of tobacco users using two or more tobacco products.

Prevalence and pattern of mental illnesses in Uttar Pradesh, India: Findings from the National Mental Health Survey 2015-16.

Aim: To estimate the prevalence and distribution of psychiatric morbidity, and study pattern of help-seeking in a community representative sample from the state of Uttar Pradesh in northern India.

Method: A multi-stage, stratified, random cluster sampling was used. The survey was conducted on 3508 adults during 2015-16 using M.

Examining quit attempts and successful quitting after recent cigarette tax increases.

As cigarette smoking rates decline, an important policy question is whether increasing cigarette taxes will continue to encourage smoking cessation. We tested this question following recent tobacco tax increases. Data were from the Minnesota Adult Tobacco Survey, a serial cross-sectional telephone survey conducted statewide, and was limited to past-year cigarette smokers in 2010 (n = 1029) and 2014 (n = 1382).

Genetic correlations among psychiatric and immune-related phenotypes based on genome-wide association data.

Individuals with psychiatric disorders have elevated rates of autoimmune comorbidity and altered immune signaling. It is unclear whether these altered immunological states have a shared genetic basis with those psychiatric disorders. The present study sought to use existing summary-level data from previous genome-wide association studies to determine if commonly varying single nucleotide polymorphisms are shared between psychiatric and immune-related phenotypes.

Structural Remodeling of the Human Colonic Mesenchyme in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Intestinal mesenchymal cells play essential roles in epithelial homeostasis, matrix remodeling, immunity, and inflammation. But the extent of heterogeneity within the colonic mesenchyme in these processes remains unknown. Using unbiased single-cell profiling of over 16,500 colonic mesenchymal cells, we reveal four subsets of fibroblasts expressing divergent transcriptional regulators and functional pathways, in addition to pericytes and myofibroblasts.

Reproducibility of Molecular Phenotypes after Long-Term Differentiation to Human iPSC-Derived Neurons: A Multi-Site Omics Study.

Reproducibility in molecular and cellular studies is fundamental to scientific discovery. To establish the reproducibility of a well-defined long-term neuronal differentiation protocol, we repeated the cellular and molecular comparison of the same two iPSC lines across five distinct laboratories. Despite uncovering acceptable variability within individual laboratories, we detect poor cross-site reproducibility of the differential gene expression signature between these two lines.

Hot and malignant - a case of invasive papillary carcinoma in hyperthyroid patient with hot nodules.

: Malignant thyroid nodules are clinically euthyroid and appear as cold nodules on scintigraphy. Malignancy in hyper-functioning thyroid nodule is rare. : A 48-year-old male with painless swelling on the right side of his neck for the last 4 months complained of feeling hot all the time, sweating and unintentionally losing about 20 pounds.

Berry's index: Adjuvant to bite marks.

Introduction: Bite-mark analysis has proven its advantage as an important forensic tool in the past but also has a few limitations to it. To enhance its utility in forensic odontology in this study we have coupled it with Berry's Index (BI) which is an index used to select anterior teeth in prosthetic practice.

Aims And Objectives: This study was attempted to analyze the applicability of BI in identifying an individual.

A Case of Pseudoinfarction Pattern in Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is regularly associated with hyperkalemia that results in well-described changes on the electrocardiogram (EKG). However, ST-segment elevations on EKG mimicking acute myocardial infarction have rarely been described in the setting of DKA. Here we present a case of a 43-year-old male with DKA who had pseudoinfarction pattern of ST-segment elevation on EKG that resolved with treatment of DKA and discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma around the condition.

Gender differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Findings from a multicentric study from India.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is phenotypically heterogeneous. Gender is an important factor mediating this heterogeneity. We examined gender differences in a large sample (n = 945) of OCD patients under a multi-centric study in India.

Association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis and a Swedish population-based study.

Background: Several studies have assessed the possible association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and asthma. However, existing evidence is inconclusive as to whether this association remains after controlling for possible important confounders. To fill this knowledge gap, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis, followed by a population-based study.

Aspirin Increases the Risk of Nondiagnostic Yield of Fine-Needle Aspiration and Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules.

Background: The link between the diagnostic yield of thyroid fine-needle aspiration and biopsy (FNAB) in patients taking antithrombotic or anticoagulant medications (AT/AC) remains poorly characterized.

Objectives: We studied the risk of obtaining a nondiagnostic sample with ultrasound-guided thyroid FNAB in patients taking AT/AC medications.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using medical rec-ords of 556 patients who underwent thyroid FNAB.

The Characteristics and Trends in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A United States Population Based Study.

Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis. Data on the incidence of ACC, however, are scarce and not recent. The purpose of this study was to characterize the tumor and the patients developing ACC over the last four decades using a large population based database.

Translational inhibition of APP by Posiphen: Efficacy, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics in the APP/PS1 mouse.

Introduction: Translational inhibition of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by Posiphen has been shown to reduce APP and its fragments in cell culture, animal models, and mildly cognitively impaired patients, making it a promising drug candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: We used a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (APP/presenilin-1) to examine Posiphen's efficacy, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics.

Results: Posiphen treatment normalized impairments in spatial working memory, contextual fear learning, and synaptic function in APP/presenilin-1 mice, without affecting their visual acuity, motor skills, or motivation and without affecting wild-type mice.

Secondary Salivary Gland Malignancy in Thyroid Cancer: A United States Population Based Study.

Background: There is an increased risk of second primary malignancies with thyroid cancer. However, the risk and characters of secondary salivary gland malignancy (sSGM) in patients with thyroid cancer have not been evaluated before.

Methods: We used the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) 18 registry to identify thyroid cancer patients from 1973 to 2014.