Comparative evaluations of shear bond strength of mineral trioxide aggregate, Biodentine, and calcium-enriched mixture to bulk-fill flowable composite using three different adhesive systems: An study.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the shear bond strength of bulk-fill flowable composite resin smart dentin replacement plus when bonded to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-angelus, biodentine, and calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) at two different aging periods (15 min and 72 h) using three distinct adhesive systems. In addition, the study identified the specific modes of failure (adhesive, cohesive, or mixed) using a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and twenty-six cylindrical acrylic blocks used in the study were sorted into three groups based on the bioactive substance used to fill the 3-mm diameter and 3-mm high hole in the center of each block.

Evaluation of canal patency and cleanliness following retreatment of bioceramic sealer-obturated root canals using three different irrigant activation protocols.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of three different irrigant activation techniques in cleaning and establishing patency during retreatment of root canals obturated with gutta-percha and bioceramic sealer. 60 extracted premolars with oval-shaped canals were instrumented and obturated with gutta-percha and EndosequenceBC sealer using the 'warm hydraulic condensation' technique. The teeth were retreated using Protaper Universal Retreatment and XP-Endo Shaper system and divided into four groups according to the irrigant activation protocol used: control, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), Endovac irrigation (EVI) and XP-Endo Finisher R (XPFR).

Non-surgical and guided-bone-regeneration surgical management of Type-3b dens invaginatus with an apico-marginal defect: A case report.

Background: Dens invaginatus (DI), an unusual developmental anomaly is a challenge for the operating dentist with regard to its diagnosis and treatment. This case report presents the successful management of a Type-3b DI in a permanent maxillary lateral incisor associated with a large radicular cyst and communicating apico-marginal defect (Von Arx type IIb).

Methods And Results: A 19-year-old female patient reported pain and palatal swelling.

Comparative evaluation of digital radiography, electronic apex locator and simultaneous working length determination on postoperative pain after root canal treatment: a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: The study aimed to compare postoperative pain after root canal preparation using three different methods of working length determination.

Materials And Methods: 60 patients diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were randomly divided into three groups based on the method of working length (WL) determination. Group 1: digital radiograph (DRG), Group 2: electronic apex locator (EAL), Group 3: the simultaneous working length control (SLC) method using an endomotor with an integrated apex locator.

Combined surgical and conservative endodontic management of Oehler's type 3b dens invaginatus aided by guided tissue regeneration.

The present case describes the successful healing of a periapical lesion associated with the left maxillary lateral incisor (# 22, Federation Dentaire Internationale) having a type 3b dens invaginatus tooth morphology. The treatment was complicated by the presence of blunderbuss root apex and large periapical lesion (>10 mm) with through and through bone defect (Bucco palatal cortical bone perforation, Von Arx Type 1b). An adolescent boy reported palatal swelling and pus discharge in relation to tooth #22.

Comparative evaluation of the apical leakage of different bioceramic retrofilling materials with and without smear layer: A stereomicroscopic study.

Objective: Present in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the apical leakage of different bioceramic retrofilling materials with and without smear layer.

Materials And Methods: : Sixty human single-rooted teeth were decoronated at a standardized root length of 13 mm, chemo-mechanically prepared and obturated. After obturation, root-end resection was done and root-end cavities were prepared using ultrasonic tips.

Time series study of the sales of non-subsidised contraceptives in Kenya at times of public sector shortage: implications for future sustainability.

This paper describes volume trends of non-subsidised contraceptive commodities (NSCC) in Kenya between 2016-2019. We hypothesise that if non-subsidised contraceptive commodities volumes increased at times of public sector shortage then then we might hope for a similar response should public sector supplies reduce in response to an expected decline in donor funding. We find that non-subsidised contraceptive commodities contribute only 2% of total volume, and that these volumes are dominated by emergency contraceptives (EC) and combined oral contraceptives (COC).

Minimal intervention treatment of crown-root fracture in a mature permanent tooth by MTA pulpotomy and Fragment Reattachment: A Case Report.

Treatment of crown-root fracture can be complicated, time-consuming and expensive. This paper presents a treatment approach that minimises intra-operatory intervention and preserves the biologic tissue. A 15-year-old boy reported for treatment of an oblique crown fracture in the left permanent maxillary central incisor (#21, Fédération Dentaire Internationale) with mature root apices.

Resol based chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite nanoensemble for effective bone tissue engineering.

It is the first report where different amounts of resol resin (RS) were incorporated with chitosan-hydroxyapatite (CHA) to develop a triconstituent nanoensemble CHA-RS(0.5,1,2), via simple co-precipitation method. The results of SEM, TEM, TGA and mechanical analysis revealed irregular interconnected rough morphology with homogenous distribution of needle shaped particles having average size ranging between 12 and 19nm, possessing higher thermal stability and mechanical strength, respectively relative to CHA (binary) nanocomposite.

Double Dens Invaginatus with Multiple Canals in a Maxillary Central Incisor: Retreatment and Managing Complications.

Dens invaginatus is a developmental anomaly that often presents a perplexing challenge to the endodontist. It involves the maxillary central incisor less commonly than the maxillary lateral incisor. Double dens invaginatus is even rarer.

Management of grossly destroyed endodontically treated teeth with lock and key custom modified cast post and core design: A case series.

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a more retentive custom modified lock and key design of metal cast post and core for the restoration of grossly destroyed endodontically treated molar tooth. The lock and key metal cast post consists of two parts, one in the distal canal (primary post) and the other one in mesio-lingual canal (secondary post). The primary post has a lock design, while the secondary post contains the key design, both of which interlock together.

Mechanical reduction of the intracanal Enterococcus faecalis population by Hyflex CM, K3XF, ProTaper Next, and two manual instrument systems: an in vitro comparative study.

Aim: In the present study, the effectiveness of three rotary and two manual nickel titanium instrument systems on mechanical reduction of the intracanal Enterococcus faecalis population was evaluated.

Methods: Mandibular premolars with straight roots were selected. Teeth were decoronated and instrumented until 20 K file and irrigated with physiological saline.

Mental nerve paresthesia secondary to initiation of endodontic therapy: a case report.

Whenever endodontic therapy is performed on mandibular posterior teeth, damage to the inferior alveolar nerve or any of its branches is possible. Acute periapical infection in mandibular posterior teeth may also sometimes disturb the normal functioning of the inferior alveolar nerve. The most common clinical manifestation of these insults is the paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve or mental nerve paresthesia.

Effect of manual dynamic activation on smear layer removal efficacy of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and SmearClear: an in vitro scanning electron microscopic study.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of manual dynamic activation (MDA) with a master gutta-percha point on the smear layer removal efficacy of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and SmearClear. Fifty freshly extracted human single-rooted teeth were prepared using ProTaper rotary system up to F3 size. The prepared teeth were divided into five groups on the basis of final irrigation received.

Retrieval of a separated nickel-titanium instrument using a modified 18-guage needle and cyanoacrylate glue: a case report.

During root canal preparation procedures, the potential for instrument breakage is always present. When instrument breakage occurs, it leads to anxiety of the clinician and as well as a metallic obstruction of the canal which hinders further cleaning and shaping. Separated instruments must always be attempted for retrieval and if retrieval is not possible bypass should be tried.

Effect of passive ultrasonic irrigation and manual dynamic irrigation on smear layer removal from root canals in a closed apex in vitro model.

Aim: To compare the effect of passive ultrasonic irrigation with manual dynamic irrigation on smear layer removal from root canals using a closed apex in vitro model.

Methods: The root canals of 45 freshly-extracted human single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were prepared by the Pro-Taper rotary system to an apical preparation of F4 size. Prepared teeth were randomly divided into three groups; two experimental groups and one control group (n = 15) on the basis of the type of activation of final irrigation as follows: (a) Group A, 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), no activation received; (b) Group B, 3% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, ultrasonic activation with a small file; and (c) Group C, 3% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, manual activation with a master gutta-percha point.