Comparative evaluation of upper versus lower calyceal approach in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for managing renal calculi.

Objective: To compare upper versus lower calyceal approaches in percutaneous nephrolithotomy for managing renal calculi.

Methods: The retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Urology, The Kidney Centre Post-Graduate Training Institute, Karachi, and comprised data of patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy from January 2014 to January 2015. Patients were divided into upper pole puncture group A and lower pole puncture group B.

Outcome of 980 nm diode laser vaporization for benign prostatic hyperplasia: A prospective study.

Purpose: To evaluate the initial experience and outcome of photo-selective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Pakistan with the use of a 980 nm diode laser.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was performed from November 2016 to December 2017. A total of 100 patients diagnosed with bladder outlet obstruction secondary to BPH who planned for PVP were enrolled in the study.

Postoperative Pain Score of Bupivacaine versus Placebo in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Objective: To compare postoperative mean pain score of bupivacaine versus placebo in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Study Design: An experimental study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Urology, The Kidney Centre, Postgraduate Training Institute (PGTI), Karachi, from November 2014 to December 2015.

Predictive Factors for Intraoperative Blood Loss during Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Objective: To evaluate the factors that may increase bleeding during Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and correlate them with outcome.

Study Design: Analytical study.

Place And Duration Of Study: The Kidney Centre postgraduate Training Institute, Karachi, Pakistan, from July to December 2016.

Awareness of risk factors and fallacies associated with urinary bladder cancer in our population: A prospective survey.

Objective: To determine the awareness of risk factors for bladder cancer and false beliefs associated with this disease.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kidney Centre, Karachi, from January to February 2015, and comprised subjects who presented to the various in-house clinics. The subjects were interviewed using a questionnaire comprising demographic parameters, level of education and awareness of smoking hazards, knowledge and false beliefs associated with bladder cancer.