Combating bacterial biofilms and related drug resistance: Role of phyto-derived adjuvant and nanomaterials.

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinical microbes has led to a search for novel antibiotics for combating bacterial infections. The treatment of bacterial infections becomes more challenging with the onset of biofilm formation. AMR is further accelerated by biofilm physiology and differential gene expression in bacteria with an inherent resistance to conventional antibiotics.

Insights into free radicals scavenging, α-Amylase inhibition, cytotoxic and antifibrotic activities unveiled by Peganum harmala extracts.

Background: Peganum harmala L. is used in traditional medicine to treat several health ailments. Hence, the present work aimed to investigate the DPPH free radical scavenging, α-amylase, cytotoxic, and antifibrotic effects of the hydrophilic extract and fixed oil obtained from P.

Promising applications of phyto-fabricated silver nanoparticles: Recent trends in biomedicine.

The prospective contribution of phyto-nanotechnology to the synthesis of silver nanomaterials for biomedical purposes is attracting increasing interest across the world. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) through plants has been extensively examined recently, and it is now seen to be a green and efficient path for future exploitation and development of practical nano-factories. Fabrication of Ag-NPs is the process involves use of plant extracts/phyto-compounds (e.

Biofabrication of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Catalyzed by : Characterization and Evaluation of their Antiepileptic and Cytotoxic Activities.

The green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extract is a new method that can be used in various biomedical applications. Therefore, the green approach was an aspect of ongoing research for the synthesis titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NP) using the aqueous plant extract, which acts as a stabilizing and reducing agent. The synthesis of TiO NPs was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) analyses.

Methods for the Preparation of Silica and Its Nanoparticles from Different Natural Sources.

Silica (SiO), a component of the earth's crust, has been in use for many nanotechnological applications. This review presents one of the newest methods for safer, more affordable, and more ecologically friendly production of silica and its nanoparticles from the ashes of agricultural wastes. The production of SiO nanoparticles (SiONPs) from different agricultural wastes, including rice husk, rice straw, maize cobs, and bagasse, was systematically and critically discussed.

Mineral Profile, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Antibacterial, Anti-Urease and Anti-α-Amylase Activities of the Unripe Fruit Extracts of .

in folk medicine is used by Algerian traditional healers for treating a wide variety of diseases and conditions including dyspepsia, digestive problems, peptic ulcers, and, in particular, inflammatory diseases. The present study aimed to assess the phytochemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activity (using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ABTS+, and reducing power methods), enzyme inhibitory activity (towards α-amylase and urease), antibacterial activity, and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the unripe fruit extracts of collected from different parts of the Djelfa region of Algeria. According to the findings, various aqueous extracts exhibited significant antioxidant and enzymatic activities in all tests, but showed that they have a weak inhibitory effect against all tested bacterial strains.

Solid-phase adsorption methodologies of naturally occurring anthraquinones: A review.

Introduction: Solid-phase extraction applied to plant matrices is nowadays a well-validated technique allowing to concentrate and purify different secondary metabolites. Several classes of phytochemicals have been selectively extracted by this methodology. During the last decade attention has been focused on biologically active anthraquinones from numerous sources like edible, healthy, and medicinal plants.

Variation of phytochemical constituents, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties of Grantia aucheri (Boiss.) at different growth stages.

Phyto-natural products are deeply associated with ethno-medicinal practices with less or more scientific validation for curing many vital diseases. Thus, the present study was carried out to asses chemical constituents and bioactivities of Grantia aucheri Boiss at different growth stages (vegetative, flowering, and seeding). For this aim, the chemical composition of G.

Synthesis, characterization and application of a zirconium-based MOF-808 functionalized with isonicotinic acid for fast and efficient solid phase extraction of uranium(VI) from wastewater prior to its spectrophotometric determination.

Background: A zirconium-based metal-organic framework (Zr-MOF), named MOF-808, was synthesized and fully characterized by solvo-thermal method and functionalized by isonicotinic acid and employed as an efficient adsorbent for selective extraction and preconcentration of uranyl ions from water and waste water samples in a batch solid phase extraction.

Results: Parameters affecting extraction such as volume and pH of the sample solution, the amount of sorbent, type and volume of eluting solvent, and adsorption and desorption times were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, high extraction efficiency was observed with a limit of detection of 0.

(L.): Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activities at Different Phenological Stages.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes in the content of phytochemical compounds and in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of Teucrium polium L. aerial parts and root methanolic extracts at different phenological stages (vegetative, flowering, and seeding). The T.

Oxyprenylated Secondary Metabolites as Modulators of Lipid and Sugar Metabolism.

O-Prenylcoumarins (3,3-dimethylallyl, geranyl-, farnesyl- and related biosynthetic derivatives) represent a class of rarely occurring natural compounds. Most of these secondary metabolites have been obtained from plant species belonging to the Rutaceae, Apiaceae, and Fabaceae families, and from fungi, and bacteria. In the last two decades, prenyloxycoumarins have been found to possess great potential in terms of pharmacological activities.

Phytofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) with Pharmaceutical Capabilities Using (Burm.) Boiss. Leaf Extract.

In the last years, the plant-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles has been extensively researched as an affordable and eco-friendly method. The current study confirms for the first time the capability of the (Burm.) Boiss.

7-Isopentenyloxycoumarin: What Is New across the Last Decade.

7-Isopentenyloxycoumarin is among the most widespread naturally occurring prenyloxy umbelliferone derivatives. This secondary metabolite of mixed biosynthetic origin has been typically isolated from plants belonging to several genera of the Rutaceae and Apiaceae families, comprising widely used medicinal plants and in general plants with beneficial effects on human welfare, as well as edible fruits and vegetables. Although known for quite a long time (more than 50 years), only in the last two decades has this natural compound been revealed to exert powerful and promising pharmacological properties, such as active cancer chemopreventive, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antioxidant properties, among the activities best outlined in the recent literature.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Delile. Root Extract: Characterization, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities.

Today, the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is a promising strategy in material science and nanotechnology. In this research, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized through the high-efficient, cost-effective green and facile process, using the Delile. root extract as a bioreduction and capping agent at room temperature.

Medicinal plants used in the treatment of tuberculosis - Ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological approaches.

Tuberculosis is a highly infectious disease declared a global health emergency by the World Health Organization, with approximately one third of the world's population being latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis treatment consists in an intensive phase and a continuation phase. Unfortunately, the appearance of multi drug-resistant tuberculosis, mainly due to low adherence to prescribed therapies or inefficient healthcare structures, requires at least 20 months of treatment with second-line, more toxic and less efficient drugs, i.

Phytochemical constituents, biological activities, and health-promoting effects of the genus Origanum.

Origanum species are mostly distributed around the Mediterranean, Euro-Siberian, and Iran-Siberian regions. Since time immemorial, the genus has popularly been used in Southern Europe, as well as on the American continent as a spice now known all over the world under the name "oregano" or "pizza-spice." Origanum plants are also employed to prepare bitter tinctures, wines, vermouths, beer, and kvass.

Lifestyle, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Back and Forth in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Diseases.

Oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Long term exposure to increased levels of pro-oxidant factors can cause structural defects at a mitochondrial DNA level, as well as functional alteration of several enzymes and cellular structures leading to aberrations in gene expression. The modern lifestyle associated with processed food, exposure to a wide range of chemicals and lack of exercise plays an important role in oxidative stress induction.

Insights on the anticancer potential of plant-food bioactives: A key focus to prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is an international health problem and represents one of the most encountered malignancies among men. In this complex and heterogeneous disease, androgens and their receptors play a crucial role in both progression and development. Although the search for its effective treatment is still ongoing, among other priorities it requires developing better anticancer agents with greater efficacy and fewer side effects.

Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin: New Insights and Perspectives for Human Health.

Quercetin (Que) and its derivatives are naturally occurring phytochemicals with promising bioactive effects. The antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-Alzheimer's, antiarthritic, cardiovascular, and wound-healing effects of Que have been extensively investigated, as well as its anticancer activity against different cancer cell lines has been recently reported. Que and its derivatives are found predominantly in the Western diet, and people might benefit from their protective effect just by taking them via diets or as a food supplement.

Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Benth. Different Extracts.

This study was carried out to screen the amount and the classes of secondary metabolites and to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, antifungal, and antibacterial activities of the methanolic, ethanolic, and water extracts of the roots, leaves, and flowers of Benth. The results show that the highest total phenol (69.54 ± 0.

Impact of Natural Compounds on Neurodegenerative Disorders: From Preclinical to Pharmacotherapeutics.

Among the major neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), are a huge socioeconomic burden. Over many centuries, people have sought a cure for NDDs from the natural herbals. Many medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites are reported with the ability to alleviate the symptoms of NDDs.

Diet, Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Diseases: Linking Pathophysiology to Cardioprotective Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds.

Heart and blood vessels disorders comprise one of the main causes of death worldwide. Pharmacologically active natural compounds have been used as a complementary therapy in cardiovascular disease around the world in a traditional way. Dietary, natural bioactive compounds, as well as healthy lifestyles, are considered to prevent coronary artery diseases.

Synthesis of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles (AgCl-NPs) Using a Gaertn. Aerial Part Extract and Their Application as Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antioxidant Agents.

In this study, very simple and fast one-step synthesis of biogenic silver chloride nanoparticles (AgCl-NPs) using a Gaertn. aerial part extract from an aqueous solution of silver nitrate at room temperature is proposed. The proceedings of the reaction were investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy.

Therapeutic Applications of Curcumin Nanomedicine Formulations in Cardiovascular Diseases.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) compromises a group of heart and blood vessels disorders with high impact on human health and wellbeing. Curcumin (CUR) have demonstrated beneficial effects on these group of diseases that represent a global burden with a prevalence that continues increasing progressively. Pre- and clinical studies have demonstrated the CUR effects in CVD through its anti-hypercholesterolemic and anti-atherosclerotic effects and its protective properties against cardiac ischemia and reperfusion.

Areca catechu-From farm to food and biomedical applications.

The family Arecaceae includes 181 genera and 2,600 species with a high diversity in physical characteristics. Areca plants, commonly palms, which are able to grow in nearly every type of habitat, prefer tropical and subtropical climates. The most studied species Areca catechu L.