Evaluation of variations in predominant gut microbiota members in inflammatory bowel disease using real-time PCR.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a persistent ailment that impacts many individuals worldwide. The interaction between the immune system and gut microbiome is thought to influence IBD development. This study aimed to assess some microbiota in IBD patients compared to healthy individuals.

Piperine-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a promising strategy for targeting Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces.

Medical and surgical treatments for cystic echinococcosis (CE) are challenged by various complications. This study evaluates in vitro protoscolicidal activity of piperine-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (PIP-MSNs) against protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus. MSNs were prepared by adding tetraethyl orthosilicate to cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and NaOH, and then loaded with PIP.

TIRADS-based artificial intelligence systems for ultrasound images of thyroid nodules: protocol for a systematic review.

Purpose: The thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) was developed as a standard global term to describe thyroid nodule risk features, aiming to address issues such as variability and low reproducibility in nodule feature detection and interpretation by different physicians. The objective of this study is to comprehensively study articles that utilize AI techniques to design and develop decision support systems for classifying thyroid nodule risk on the basis of various TIRADS guidelines from ultrasound images.

Methods: This protocol includes five steps: identification of key research questions of the review, descriptions of the systematic literature search strategies, criteria for study inclusion and exclusion, study quality measures, and the data extraction process.

Molecular characterization of cysts isolated from cattle in Shiraz, Iran.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), is one of the common parasitic infections of domestic animals and humans caused by the larval stages of the tapeworm . This research aimed to identify of CE cysts in cattle isolates from Shiraz slaughterhouse using molecular technique. Thirty CE cysts isolates were collected and total DNA was extracted from protoscolices or the germinal layer of each cyst followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (NADH-1) mitochondrial genes (~ 450 bp) and sequencing.

Ankle synovial chondromatosis: Clinical, radiological, and surgical findings: A case report.

Synovial chondromatosis is a rare benign condition defined by the presence of cartilaginous lesions in the synovium of joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae. It most typically affects large joints, such as the knee, hip, and shoulder, but it is also reported in smaller joints. Nonetheless, ankle involvement is relatively uncommon.

A multi-institutional meningioma MRI dataset for automated multi-sequence image segmentation.

Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Radiologists, neurosurgeons, neuro-oncologists, and radiation oncologists rely on brain MRI for diagnosis, treatment planning, and longitudinal treatment monitoring. However, automated, objective, and quantitative tools for non-invasive assessment of meningiomas on multi-sequence MR images are not available.

Association of greenspaces exposure with cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiometabolic conditions are major contributors to the global burden of disease. An emerging body of evidence has associated access to and surrounding public open spaces (POS) and greenspace with cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity, body mass index (BMI), hypertension (HTN), blood glucose (BG), and lipid profiles. This systematic review aimed to synthesize this evidence.

Evaluation of the prevalence of cardiometabolic disorders (diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia) diagnosed, undiagnosed, treated, and treatment goal in the elderly: Bushehr Elderly Health Program (BEH).

As the population ages, the global burden of cardiometabolic disorders will increase. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cardiometabolic disorders (diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia) in elderly and to evaluate the effects of various variables including age, sex, education, marital status, smoking, income, physical activity, dementia and depressed mood on untreated cardiometabolic disorders. This was a cross sectional study conducted in Bushehr Elderly Health Program.

Elbow calcific tendinosis initially detected by ultrasonography: a case report.

Introduction: Calcific tendinosis is a common condition caused by the deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals within the tendons that can impact any tendinous insertion. In this situation, ultrasound (US) may be a viable imaging modality in addition to radiography.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old Iranian male presented with left elbow pain.

Chrysin loaded polycaprolactone-chitosan electrospun nanofibers as potential antimicrobial wound dressing.

In this study, various concentrations of chrysin (chry) were loaded into polycaprolactone-chitosan (PCL-CTS) nanofibers to develop a potential wound dressing materials using electrospinning method. The structural composition and the morphology of the produced PCL-CTS5, PCL-CTS10 and PCL-CTS15 were analyzed by FE-SEM and FTIR, respectively. By increasing the amount of chry, the average diameter of the nanofibres was also increased to 191 ± 65 nm, 203 ± 72 nm, and 313 ± 69 nm for PCL-CTS5, PCL-CTS10, and PCL-CTS15, respectively.

Evaluation of structural changes of protoscoleces following exposure to different protoscolicidal solutions evaluated by differential interference contrast microscopy.

Unlabelled: The present study was aimed to assess the structural changes in protoscoleces of sensu stricto following exposure to different natural and chemical protoscolicidal agents using differential interference contrast (DIC)/Nomarski microscopy. Protoscoleces of sheep's liver cysts were collected aseptically. Individually, about 1000 protoscoleces were exposed to 0.

Comparison of Native Hydatid Cyst Fluid (HCF), Lyophilized HCF, Antigen B (AgB) and Lyophilized AgB (LAgB) Originated from Sensu Stricto for Sero-Diagnosis of Active, Transitional and Inactive Human Liver Cystic Echinococcosis.

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an important zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larval stage or metacestode of the tapeworm sensu lato. Due to treatment protocols for different liver cysts, diagnosis of cyst stages is very important. Different antigens have been used for CE diagnosis.

The profile of key gut microbiota members and short-chain fatty acids in patients with sepsis.

Sepsis is a complex clinical disorder with heterogeneous etiological factors. Given its high mortality rate, it is considered a global health issue. Recently, the link between gut microbiota and their metabolites, especially short-chain fatty acids, in the pathophysiology of sepsis has been reported.

Application and evaluation of native antigen B from Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto and E. canadensis alone or mixture for serodiagnosis of human G1-G3 and G6/G7 genotypes cystic echinococcosis sera, using ELISA and Western blotting.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most important helminthic diseases in the world with different genotypes distribution. The application of specific genotype antigens together with sera from patients with specific cyst genotypes have not been reported, so far. The present study aimed to apply and evaluate native AgB from Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (Eg) and Echinococcus canadensis (Ec) alone or mixture for serodiagnosis of human G1-G3 and G6/G7 genotypes cystic echinococcosis sera, using ELISA and Western blotting.

The Brain Tumor Segmentation - Metastases (BraTS-METS) Challenge 2023: Brain Metastasis Segmentation on Pre-treatment MRI.

The translation of AI-generated brain metastases (BM) segmentation into clinical practice relies heavily on diverse, high-quality annotated medical imaging datasets. The BraTS-METS 2023 challenge has gained momentum for testing and benchmarking algorithms using rigorously annotated internationally compiled real-world datasets. This study presents the results of the segmentation challenge and characterizes the challenging cases that impacted the performance of the winning algorithms.

The association between fasting plasma glucose variability and incident eGFR decline: evidence from two cohort studies.

Background: Glycemic variability (GV) is developing as a marker of glycemic control, which can be utilized as a promising predictor of complications. To determine whether long-term GV is associated with incident eGFR decline in two cohorts of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) during a median follow-up of 12.2 years.

The Syndemic Theory, the COVID-19 Pandemic, and The Epidemics of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs).

The syndemic theory is based on the interaction of two or more epidemics. This phenomenon is important in the current COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic affects all aspects of human life, including the management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and so on.

Hypoglycemic unawareness: challenges, triggers, and recommendations in patients with hypoglycemic unawareness: a case report.

Background: Hypoglycemia is a fairly common complication in diabetic patients, particularly in those on insulin therapy. Hypoglycemia symptoms are classified into two types: autonomic and neuroglycopenic symptoms. If a person develops neuroglycopenic symptoms before the appearance of autonomic symptoms or is asymptomatic until blood sugar levels are very low, the patient will develop hypoglycemic unawareness (HU).

Adrenal hemorrhage following direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) therapy: two case reports and literature review.

Background: Adrenal hemorrhage (AH) is a rare condition that can result in a life-threatening medical emergency. This medical condition could be caused by several underlying factors, one of which is the use of anticoagulants. As far as we are aware, direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) agents are a rare but possible cause of AH.

Thyroid Ultrasound-Image Dataset.

Thyroid Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems have been developed to assist radiologists in improving efficiency, reliability, and diagnosis performance. Often the performance of these CAD systems is evaluated with different datasets that make it incomparable. A valuable thyroid ultrasound (US) dataset is presented in this work.

A case of COVID-19 infection in a kidney transplant recipient after receiving the single dose of COVID-19 vaccination.

Introduction And Importance: As immunocompromised individuals, kidney transplant recipients (KTR) were more prone to severe and prolonged COVID-19 infection.

Case Presentation: A 52-year-old man with a history of two kidney transplants for polycystic kidney disease (PKD) was hospitalized due to COVID-19 illness after receiving the first dose of COVID-19 vaccination with Sputnik V. After being admitted to the hospital, the patient was given Remdesivir and oxygen therapy.