Synthesis and evaluation of nitrochromene derivatives as potential antileishmanial therapeutics through biological and computational studies.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan organisms belonging to the Leishmania genus, affecting many individuals worldwide, with the burden surpassing one million cases. This disease leads to considerable morbidity and mortality, predominantly within tropical and subtropical regions. The current therapeutic options for leishmaniasis are far from ideal, as they fail to achieve a level of efficacy that can be deemed universally effective.

Formulation development and feasibility of AAV5 as a lyophilized drug product.

The majority of adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapies are currently developed as frozen formulations (e.g., ≤ - 60 °C) that are challenging to maintain and distribute world-wide.

A toolbox for early detection of glass delamination in vials.

Glass delamination is a gradual process that may not become apparent until late in storage. Over the past three decades, it has been a leading cause of drug product recalls due to glass particulate contamination. The appearance of glass particles in the solution marks the final stage of glass delamination.

Happiness, sleep quality, and self-care ability among community-dwelling older adults in Tehran, 2023.

Background: Population aging presents a significant challenge that requires comprehensive planning. Limited research has been done on the interconnections between happiness, sleep, and self-care in older adults. This study aimed to determine the Happiness, Sleep quality, and Self-care ability among community-dwelling older adults in Tehran, 2023.

The evaluation of depression prevalence and its association with obesity phenotypes in a community-dwelling aged population.

Background: Depression is one of the most debilitating mental disorders and a risk factor for many other chronic diseases that are commonly seen in the geriatric population. It has been claimed in previous studies that depression can be associated with obesity in this age group, but there is no common consensus between their results.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the association between depression metabolic syndrome and obesity phenotypes in community-dwelling older adults living in the East of Iran.

Dynapenia-abdominal obesity and mortality risk, is independent effect obscured by age and frailty?:Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS).

Background: Abdominal obesity and low muscle strength, known separately as risk factors for mortality, might have a synergistic effect when they co-occur. Dynapenic abdominal obesity (DAO) is a condition defined by the presence of both. However, DAO's independent and combined impact on mortality remains under investigation.

Allele frequency of genetic variations related to the gene-drug pair in a group of Iranian population.

Objectives: The efficacy and safety of drug treatments vary widely due to genetic variations. Pharmacogenomics investigates the impact of genetic variations on patient drug response. This research investigates the frequency of genetic variations in the Iranian population, comparing them with global data to provide insights into the pharmacogenomic approach in the Iranian population.

Availability and affordability of antidiabetic medicines in Herat of Afghanistan in 2023.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the availability, affordability, and accessibility of antidiabetic medications in Herat, Afghanistan, in 2023.

Methods: Adhering to WHO and HAI guidelines, a systematic survey approach was utilized to collect data on the pricing, availability, and affordability of commonly prescribed antidiabetic medications. Data collection spanned a month and involved four investigators using a standardized template.

The Prevalence of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use among Infertile Patients: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

There is a significant increase in the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by infertile patients. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of CAM use by infertile patients. This review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).

Preparation, characterization, and in vivo activity of Gossypium hirsutum niosomes against cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major in a murine model: Parasite burden, gene expression, and histopathological profiling.

The use of conventional drugs is not a satisfactory treatment for the disease. Therefore, there is a crucial need for alternative therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to investigate the potential anti-leishmanial activity of Gossypium hirsutum niosomes against cutaneous leishmaniasis in a murine model and evaluate their effectiveness by assessing parasite burden, immunomodulatory gene expression, and histopathological profile.

Pharmacogenetic DPYD allele variant frequencies: A comprehensive analysis across an ancestrally diverse Iranian population.

Background: Cancer treatment has improved over the past decades, but many cancer patients still experience adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Pharmacogenomics (PGx), known as personalized treatment, is a pillar of precision medicine that aims to optimize the efficacy and safety of medications by studying the germline variations. Germline variations in the DPYD lead to significant ADRs.

Targeting Leishmaniasis with Nitrovinyl Derivatives: Their Synthesis, In Vitro Assessment, and Computational Exploration.

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is an affliction caused by the protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus. This disease impacts a substantial global populace, exceeding one million individuals, leading to disability-adjusted life years and fatalities, particularly within tropical regions. At present, the existing drug therapies have not attained a degree of efficacy that can be unequivocally classified as genuinely triumphant.

Fermented but Not Irradiated Cottonseed Meal Has the Potential to Partially Substitute Soybean Meal in Broiler Chickens.

This study was conducted to investigate and compare the effects of substituting soybean meal (SBM) with untreated cottonseed meal (CSM), fermented CSM (FCSM), or electron beam-irradiated CSM (ICSM) on the growth performance, cecal microbiota, digestive enzyme activity, apparent ileal digestibility (AID), and excreta gas emission of broiler chickens. A total of 384 one-day-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned to four experimental diets, with eight replicates per diet and 12 birds per replicate, for six weeks. The experimental diets consisted of a control diet based on corn-SBM and three other diets in which 50% of the SBM (control) was substituted with CSM in its raw, irradiated, and fermented forms.

Effect of non-covalent interactions on the stability and structural properties of 2,4-dioxo-4-phenylbutanoic complex: a computational analysis.

Context: The 2,4-dioxo-4-phenylbutanoic acid (DPBA) is a subject of interest in pharmaceutical research, particularly in developing new drugs targeting viral and bacterial infections. Complexation with metal ions can improve the stability and solubility of organic compounds. The present study uses quantum chemical calculations to explore the structural and electronic results arising from the interaction between the metal cation (Fe) and the π-system of DPBA in different solvents.

Lead poisoning as a differential diagnosis in pediatric patients with chronic abdominal pain: a case-control study in Tehran-Iran.

Background: Chronic abdominal pain is a potential symptom of lead poisoning, which is often challenging to diagnose. This case-control study aimed to evaluate blood lead levels in pediatric patients with chronic abdominal pain.

Methods: The case-control study was conducted on 190 pediatrics who presented to the Children's Medical Center Hospital clinics, Tehran between April 2021- 2023.

Assessment of the antileishmanial activity of diallyl sulfide combined with meglumine antimoniate on Leishmania major: Molecular docking, in vitro, and animal model.

Currently, no safe vaccine against leishmaniasis is available. So far, different control strategies against numerous reservoir hosts and biological vectors have not been environment-friendly and feasible. Hence, employing medicinal components and conventional drugs could be a promising approach to developing novel therapeutic alternatives.

Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence models in detecting osteoporosis using dental images: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The current study aimed to systematically review the literature on the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) models for osteoporosis (OP) diagnosis using dental images. A thorough literature search was executed in October 2022 and updated in November 2023 across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The research targeted studies using AI models for OP diagnosis from dental radiographs.

The effect of prenatal education on health anxiety of primigravid women.

Background And Aim: Health anxiety is a mental disorder that characterized by an excessive fear about health and physical symptoms. High anxiety in pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prenatal education on health anxiety of primigravid women.

Investigating the relationship between missed/rationed nursing care and organizational commitment in Iranian nurses.

Background And Objective: The primary objective of the nursing profession is to provide comprehensive and appropriate nursing care that meets the individual needs of patients. However, instances of missed/rationed nursing care can jeopardize the delivery of complete and safe healthcare, potentially putting patients' lives at risk. The level of organizational commitment demonstrated by nurses is likely to impact various personnel and organizational factors.

The relationship between internet addiction, sleep quality, and psycho-social problems among secondary school students in Erbil, 2023-2024.

Objective: This study aimed to show the association between internet addiction (IA), sleep quality, and psycho-social problems among secondary school students DESIGN: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study design was used.

Sample: A total of 557 students from four secondary schools in Erbil were selected using multistage cluster sampling MEASUREMENTS: The questionnaires of this research contained socio-demographic data, Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Pediatric Symptom Checklist-Y (PSC-Y) questionnaire.

Results: Findings indicated that students displayed a mild IA, averaging a score of 42.

Studying the relationship between insomnia and sleep disorders with hypertension: a report from community-dwelling older adults living in Tehran, Iran.

Introduction: Sleep disorders are common health problems in the elderly. One of the unusual and often overlooked risk factors for hypertension is insomnia. Therefore, this study investigated the relationships between insomnia and sleep problems with hypertension in the elderly population living in Tehran, Iran.

The Association between cognitive impairment and anthropometric indices among the elderly: birjand longitudinal aging study.

Background: The population of older adults has been consistently on the rise. We aimed to assess the possible relationship between cognitive decline and anthropometric indices in older adults, using data from the Birjand longitudinal aging study (BLAS).

Methods: In this cross-sectional research, the association between cognitive impairment as determined by two tests (Six Item Cognitive Impairment Test (6-CIT)) and (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)) and anthropometric indices including waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), waist to height ratio (WHtR), waist to hip ratio (WHR), body roundness index (BRI), and a body shape index (ABSI) were assessed among 1353 elderly ≥ 60 years old, participating in the BLAS cohort study (September 2018 to April 2019).