Bone Health or Performance? Adaptation Response of Genetically Divergent Chicken Layer Lines to a Nutritive Calcium Depletion.

In modern laying hybrids, calcium (Ca) homeostasis is immensely challenged by daily eggshell calcification. However, excessive mobilization of Ca from bones may lead to osteoporosis, which then manifests in a high incidence of poor bone quality. The aim of this study was to characterize the hens' adaptation response to an alternating dietary Ca restriction.

Safety and Efficacy of Early Oral Feeding after Liver Transplantation with Roux-en-Y Choledochojejunostomy: A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Early oral feeding, as one of the most important components of multimodal strategies referred to as Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS), is now widely adopted for optimization of post-operative recovery of surgical patients.

Objective: To assess ERAS outcome in patients who underwent liver transplantation in our center.

Methods: In a prospective study, patients who underwent liver transplantation from April 2015 to June 2018 at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, were enrolled in this study.

Investigation of Microwave Absorption Performance of CoFeO/NiFeO/Carbon Fiber Composite Coated with Polypyrrole in X-Band Frequency.

The current research reports the preparation of a microwave absorber containing CoFeO/NiFeO/Carbon fiber (H/S/CF) coated with polypyrrole polymer (PPy@H/S/CF) through sol-gel and in-situ polymerization processes. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and a vector network analyzer (VNA) are utilized to evaluate the features of the prepared composite. The microstructure analysis results revealed carbon fibers well decorated with submicron-size particles having hard/soft magnetic phases and thoroughly coated with polymer.

Co-benefits and synergies between urban climate change mitigation and adaptation measures: A literature review.

Accounting for over 70% of global CO2 emissions, cities are major contributors to climate change. Acknowledging this, urban climate change adaptation and mitigation plans are increasingly developed to make progress toward enhancing climate resilience. While there is consensus that focusing on both adaptation and mitigation is necessary for addressing climate change impacts, better understanding of their interactions is needed to efficiently maximize their potentials.

Ultrasound Training in Radiology Residency Programs: A National Survey.

Objectives: Comprehensive training in ultrasound (US) imaging during radiology residency is crucial if radiologists are expected to maintain a substantial role in this widely used imaging modality. This study aimed to evaluate the current curriculum of US training among radiology residency programs across the country via a nationwide survey.

Methods: A 28-question survey was distributed among all academic radiology departments in the United States and their radiology residents.

Egg Production and Bone Stability of Local Chicken Breeds and Their Crosses Fed with Faba Beans.

Poultry production is raising concerns within the public regarding the practice of culling day-old chicks and the importation of soy from overseas for feedstuff. Therefore, an alternative approach to poultry production was tested. In two consecutive experiments, two traditional chicken breeds, Vorwerkhuhn and Bresse Gauloise, and White Rock as a commercial layer genotype as well as crossbreds thereof were fed diets containing either 20% vicin-rich or vicin-poor faba beans, though addressing both subjects of debate.

Diagnosis and detection of infected tissue of COVID-19 patients based on lung x-ray image using convolutional neural network approaches.

COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the world science. The international community tries to find, apply, or design novel methods for diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients as soon as possible. Currently, a reliable method for the diagnosis of infected patients is a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

An Innovative Concept for a Multivariate Plausibility Assessment of Simultaneously Recorded Data.

The aim of this work was to develop an innovative multivariate plausibility assessment (MPA) algorithm in order to differentiate between 'physiologically normal', 'physiologically extreme' and 'implausible' observations in simultaneously recorded data. The underlying concept is based on the fact that different measurable parameters are often physiologically linked. If physiologically extreme observations occur due to disease, incident or hormonal cycles, usually more than one measurable trait is affected.

Investigating The Alterations of Oxidative Stress Status, Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms, MAP Kinase and Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from STZ Diabetic Rats.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the reliability of diabetic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for autologous cell-based therapies by exploring the functionality of signalling pathways involved in regulating oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, ADSCs were isolated from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (dADSCs) and normal rats (nADSCs). The colonies derived from dADSCs and nADSCs were compared by colony-forming unit (CFU) assay.

Decreased Plasma Level of TRIB3 is Associated with Circulating miR-124a in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Recent evidence indicates that TRIB3 and miR-124 levels have been deregulated in type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the simultaneous evaluation of these markers in diabetic patients has not been investigated to date.

Methods: This case-control study included 50 T2D patients and 40 age-gender matched controls. The circulation level of miR-124a was assessed by real-time PCR.

Yield prediction with machine learning algorithms and satellite images.

Background: Barley is one of the strategic agricultural products available in the world, and yield prediction is important for ensuring food security. One way of estimating a product is to use remote sensing data in conjunction with field data and meteorological data. One of the main issues surrounding this comprises the use of machine learning techniques to create a multi-resource data-based estimation model.

Control of Hyperglycemia Using Differentiated and Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rats with Type 1 Diabetes.

Due to their ability in self-renewing and differentiation into a wide variety of tissues, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit outstanding potential for regenerative medicine. This study was aimed at investigating different aspects of MSC therapy in controlling hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. Using an islet cell differentiation protocol, bone marrow (BM) MSCs were differentiated into insulin-producing cells (IPCs).

Iranian nurses' perceptions about using physical restraint for hospitalized elderly people: a cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study.

Background: Using physical restraint (PR) for hospitalized elderly people is a major nursing challenge. It is associated with different physical and mental complications and ethical dilemmas, though many nurses still use it to ensure patient safety. Nurses' perceptions are one of the most important factors affecting PR use.

FDSR: A new fuzzy discriminative sparse representation method for medical image classification.

Recent developments in medical image analysis techniques make them essential tools in medical diagnosis. Medical imaging is always involved with different kinds of uncertainties. Managing these uncertainties has motivated extensive research on medical image classification methods, particularly for the past decade.

Design, fabrication, and optimization of a dual function three-layer scaffold for controlled release of metformin hydrochloride to alleviate fibrosis and accelerate wound healing.

Abnormal wound healing caused by the over-expression of collagen and fibronectin leads to fibrosis, the major complication of all treatment modalities. A three-layer nanofiber scaffold was designed, optimized, and fabricated. This scaffold comprised two supportive polycaprolactone (PCL)-chitosan layers on the sides and a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-metformin hydrochloride (metformin-HCl) in the middle.

Nitroepoxide ring opening with thionucleophiles in water: synthesis of α-xanthyl ketones, β-keto sulfones and β-keto sulfonic acids.

Nitroepoxide ring opening with thionucleophiles such as potassium xanthates, sodium aryl sulfinates and sodium bisulfite in water is investigated. It provides a direct and green route for the synthesis of α-xanthyl-α-aryl-2-propanones (P2P-xanthate derivatives), β-keto sulfones and β-keto sulfonic acids. High to excellent yields, performing the reaction in water under catalyst-free conditions, and easy work-up are the main advantages of this protocol.

Birjand longitudinal aging study (BLAS): the objectives, study protocol and design (wave I: baseline data gathering).

Objectives: The pace of population aging is growing rapidly around the world. Aging is associated with the emergence of different health status including geriatric syndrome such as frailty, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and dementia. These conditions are the most prominent challenges for health care systems and also elderly people.

Modeling reticular and ventral ruminal pH of lactating dairy cows using ingestion and rumination behavior.

The prevention and control of metabolic and digestive diseases is an enormous challenge in dairy farming. Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is assumed to be the most severe feed-related disorder and it impairs both animal health and economic efficiency. Currently, ruminal pH as well as variables derived from the daily pH curve are the main indicators for SARA.

Remotely sensed vegetation indices for crop nutrition mapping.

Background: Spectral reflectance measurements and vegetation indices have been used widely to monitor plant nutritional status. Remote sensing methods are very fast, convenient, and non-destructive techniques for estimating crop nutrition indices. With the rapid development of remote sensing satellites, unmanned aerial vehicles, and the Internet of Things, remote sensing will increasingly be used in crop nutrition diagnosis.

Relationship between Bone Stability and Egg Production in Genetically Divergent Chicken Layer Lines.

Impaired animal welfare due to skeletal disorders is likely one of the greatest issues currently facing the egg production industry. Reduced bone stability in laying hens is frequently attributed to long-term selection for increased egg production. The present study sought to analyse the relationship between bone stability traits and egg production.

Investigation of effective climatology parameters on COVID-19 outbreak in Iran.

SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) Coronavirus cases are confirmed throughout the world and millions of people are being put into quarantine. A better understanding of the effective parameters in infection spreading can bring about a logical measurement toward COVID-19. The effect of climatic factors on spreading of COVID-19 can play an important role in the new Coronavirus outbreak.

Optimization of parameters affecting on CHO cell culture producing recombinant erythropoietin.

Several factors may affect erythropoietin (EPO) sugar structures including designing cell culture procedure, pH, concentration of additives, dissolved oxygen, and other physicochemical parameters. In this study, we investigated the influence of changes in effective parameters and compounds on the growth rate of Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO) cells producing recombinant EPO. Cell culture was performed at different temperature, buffering conditions, and varied concentrations of additives such as pyruvic acid, insulin, GlutaMAX, and sodium butyrate.

HIV-Related Stigma Among Healthcare Providers in Different Healthcare Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kerman, Iran.

Background: Stigmatizing attitudes among healthcare providers are an important barrier to accessing services among people living with HIV (PLHIV). This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the status and correlates of HIV-related stigma among healthcare providers in Kerman, Iran.

Methods: Using a validated and pilot-tested stigma scale questionnaire, we measured HIV-related stigma among 400 healthcare providers recruited from three teaching hospitals (n=363), private sectors (n=28), and the only voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) center (n=9) in Kerman city.