Are gestures worth a thousand words? Verbal and nonverbal communication during robot-assisted surgery.

Communication breakdowns in the operating room (OR) have been linked to errors during surgery. Robot-assisted surgery (RAS), a new surgical technology, can lead to new challenges in communication owing to the remote location of the surgeon away from the patient and bedside assistants. Nevertheless, few studies have studied communication strategies during RAS.

A cross-sectional analysis of intestinal parasitic infections among the general population in north of Iran.

Introduction: Intestinal parasitic infection (IPIs) is one of the most important health problems in the developing countries. Study on the prevalence of IPIs in various communities is a prerequisite for the development of appropriate control strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasites among the general population in Mazandaran province, northern Iran.

Multistage segmentation model and SVM-ensemble for precise lung nodule detection.

Purpose: Lung cancer detection at its initial stages increases the survival chances of patients. Automatic detection of lung nodules facilitates radiologists during the diagnosis. However, there is a challenge of false positives in automated systems which may lead to wrong findings.

Resveratrol and Pterostilbene Exhibit Anticancer Properties Involving the Downregulation of HPV Oncoprotein E6 in Cervical Cancer Cells.

Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women living in developing countries. Due to a lack of affordable effective therapy, research into alternative anticancer compounds with low toxicity such as dietary polyphenols has continued. Our aim is to determine whether two structurally similar plant polyphenols, resveratrol and pterostilbene, exhibit anticancer and anti-HPV (Human papillomavirus) activity against cervical cancer cells.

Zoonotic intestinal parasites of carnivores: A systematic review in Iran.

Aim: Parasitic infections, especially of the zoonotic-parasitic type, are the most important health, economic, and social problems in developing countries, including Iran. The aim of this study was to review systematically the available data on gastrointestinal parasites of carnivores in Iran and their ability to infect humans.

Materials And Methods: Studies reporting intestinal parasites of carnivores were systematically collected from nine electronic English and Persian databases and Proceedings of Iranian parasitology and veterinary congresses published between 1997 and 2015.

Computer assisted gastric abnormalities detection using hybrid texture descriptors for chromoendoscopy images.

Background And Objective: The early diagnosis of stomach cancer can be performed by using a proper screening procedure. Chromoendoscopy (CH) is an image-enhanced video endoscopy technique, which is used for inspection of the gastrointestinal-tract by spraying dyes to highlight the gastric mucosal structures. An endoscopy session can end up with generating a large number of video frames.

An improved strategy for skin lesion detection and classification using uniform segmentation and feature selection based approach.

Melanoma is the deadliest type of skin cancer with highest mortality rate. However, the annihilation in early stage implies a high survival rate therefore, it demands early diagnosis. The accustomed diagnosis methods are costly and cumbersome due to the involvement of experienced experts as well as the requirements for highly equipped environment.

Neurochemical Alterations in Sudden Unexplained Perinatal Deaths-A Review.

Sudden unexpected perinatal collapse is a major trauma for the parents of victims. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is unexpected and mysterious death of an apparently healthy neonate from birth till 1 year of age without any known causes, even after thorough postmortem investigations. However, the incidence of sudden intrauterine unexplained death syndrome (SIUDS) is seven times higher as compared with SIDS.

Prevalence and Predictors of Arrhythmia in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and types of arrhythmias in Saudi OSA patients and to identify predictors of arrhythmia in this group of patients.

Methods: This case-control study included all patients who underwent level I attended overnight polysomnography between 2009 and 2012. Electrocardiographic data collected during sleep studies of patients with and without OSA were manually reviewed.

Hepatitis B infection and preeclampsia among pregnant Sudanese women.

Background: Previous published studies have reported conflicting results of association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and preeclampsia. There was no published data on HBV and preeclampsia in Africa including Sudan. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between HBsAg seropositivity and preeclampsia.

Liming induces carbon dioxide (CO) emission in PSB inoculated alkaline soil supplemented with different phosphorus sources.

Agricultural land is a major sink of global organic carbon (C). Its suitable management is crucial for improving C sequestration and reducing soil CO emission. Incubation experiments were performed to assess the impact of phosphate solubilizing bacterial (PSB) inoculation (inoculated and uninoculated) and soil calcification (4.

Molecular Cloning, Expression and Characterization of Plasmid Encoding Rhomboid 4 (ROM4) of Tachyzoite of RH Strain.

Background: The objective of this study was to clone, express and characterize the gene encoding rhomboid 4 () proteins, a vital gene in surface adhesion and host cell invasion process of tachyzoite of in an appropriate expression vector and eukaryotic cell for production of recombinant protein.

Methods: RNA was isolated from tachyzoites (RH strain) and complementary DNA was synthesized. Oligonucleotide primer pair was designed based on gene sequence with I and RI restriction sites at 5' end of forward and reverse primers, respectively.

Arteriovenous ratio and papilledema based hybrid decision support system for detection and grading of hypertensive retinopathy.

Background And Objectives: Hypertensive Retinopathy (HR) is a retinal disease which happened due to consistent high blood pressure (hypertension). In this paper, an automated system is presented that detects the HR at various stages using arteriovenous ratio and papilledema signs through fundus retinal images.

Methods: The proposed system consists of two modules i.

Molecular determinants of PPARγ partial agonism and related in silico/in vivo studies of natural saponins as potential type 2 diabetes modulators.

The metabolic syndrome, which includes hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, has reached an epidemic-like scale. Saponins and sapogenins are considered as valuable natural products for ameliorating this pathology, possibly through the nuclear receptor PPARγ activation. The aims of this study were: to look for in vivo antidiabetic effects of a purified saponins' mixture (PSM) from Astragalus corniculatus Bieb; to reveal by in silico methods the molecular determinants of PPARγ partial agonism, and to investigate the potential PPARγ participation in the PSM effects.

Gastric teratoma: Our 17 year experience.

Background: Teratomas originating from the stomach are extremely rare and account for less than 1% of all cases of teratomas. This site of occurrence has unique diagnostic and management issues.

Methods: A single centre case-record review of gastric teratomas presenting between January 2000 and April 2017 was performed.

Folic acid level and preterm birth among Sudanese women.

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is the major health problem world-wide; there are few published studies on PTB and folic acid.

Methods: The study was conducted to assess the serum level of folic acid in PTB. A case-control study was conducted at Saad Abualila maternity hospital (Khartoum, Sudan) during the period of March through December 2015.

Survey on synergism effect of ketotifen in combination with pyrimethamine in treatment of acute murine toxoplasmosis.

Background: Standard treatment of toxoplasmosis is accompanied by severe side effects and low tolerability; accordingly, alternative medicines are critically needed. Ketotifen (KET) as a cell membrane stabilizer could be an appropriate inhibitor of () parasite entrance into the host cells. Therefore, the focus of current study is characterization of the anti- activity of KET in the acute phase of toxoplasmosis in murine model as pre-treatment and post-treatment (before and after infection with RH strain).

Total antioxidant capacity of commonly used fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices of Pakistan.

The current study was aimed at investigating the total antioxidant activity (TAC) of various fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices habitat in Pakistan. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay was used to measure the TAC of various extracts (aqueous, ethanolic and aqueous-ethanolic). Following is the potency order for fruits (guava >strawberry >Pomegranate >apple >kinnow >melon >lemon >banana), vegetables (spinach >Cabbage (Purple) >Jalapeno >Radish >Brinjal >Bell Pepper >Lettuce >Carrot >Cabbage (White) >Onion >Potato >Tomato >Cucumber) and herbs/spices (clove >Rosemary >Thyme >Oregano >Cinnamon >Cumin >Kalonji >Paprika >Neem (Flower) >Fennel >Black Cardamom >Turmeric >Coriander >Ginger >Garlic).

Dental Anxiety- Understanding is the Key to Effective Management.

Dental anxiety (DA) is a common problem; the latest Adult Dental Health Survey (UK) reported nearly half of the adult population experienced anxiety when visiting the dentist. Given individual differences in the experience of dental anxiety, it is important for the dentist to understand its development, detection and management. This article aims to provide an overview of the main psychological theories to explain the development of dental anxiety (behavioural, psychoanalytical and cognitive), as well as an overview of anxiety detection and management techniques from a psychological perspective.

Community Residents' Beliefs About Neighborhood Corner Stores in 2 Latino Communities: Implications for Interventions to Improve the Food Environment.

We assessed community residents' perceptions of corner stores to better understand what facilitates and deters patronage at these food outlets. Data came from 978 household interviews in 2 Latino communities undergoing corner store interventions. Chi-square tests, an independent sample test, and a multivariate logistic regression were conducted to assess the relationship between residents' perceptions about corner stores and their reported patronage at these food outlets.

A novel classification scheme to decline the mortality rate among women due to breast tumor.

Early screening of skeptical masses or breast carcinomas in mammograms is supposed to decline the mortality rate among women. This amount can be decreased more on development of the computer-aided diagnosis with reduction of false suppositions in medical informatics. Our aim is to provide a robust tumor detection system for accurate classification of breast masses using normal, abnormal, benign, or malignant classes.

The potential use of melatonin to treat protozoan parasitic infections: A review.

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a circadian hormone produced in vertebrates by the pineal gland and other organs. Melatonin is believed to influence immune cells leading to modulation of the proliferative response of stimulated lymphocytes as well as cytokine production. Due to the antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects of melatonin, it is suggested that this molecule could be a therapeutic alternative agent to fight bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections by a variety of mechanisms.

miR-422a suppresses SMAD4 protein expression and promotes resistance to muscle loss.

Background: Loss of muscle mass and strength are important sequelae of chronic disease, but the response of individuals is remarkably variable, suggesting important genetic and epigenetic modulators of muscle homeostasis. Such factors are likely to modify the activity of pathways that regulate wasting, but to date, few such factors have been identified.

Methods: The effect of miR-422a on SMAD4 expression and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signalling were determined by western blotting and luciferase assay.

Opportunities and challenges for the discovery and validation of proteomic biomarkers for common arthritic diseases.

Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are most prevalent among all the rheumatic diseases, and currently, there are no reliable biochemical measures for early diagnosis or for predicting who is likely to progress. Early diagnosis is important for making decisions on treatment options and for better management of patients. This narrative review highlights the first-generation biomarkers identified over the last two decades and focuses on the discovery and validation of candidate OA biomarkers from recent mass-spectrometry-based proteomic studies for diagnosis and monitoring disease outcomes in human.