Cancer-related outcomes in kidney allograft recipients in England versus New York State: a comparative population-cohort analysis between 2003 and 2013.

It is unclear whether cancer-related epidemiology after kidney transplantation is translatable between countries. In this population-cohort study, we compared cancer incidence and all-cause mortality after extracting data for every kidney-alone transplant procedure performed in England and New York State (NYS) between 2003 and 2013. Data were analyzed for 18,493 and 11,602 adult recipients from England and NYS respectively, with median follow up 6.

Current trends in the treatment of hepatitis C: interventions to avoid adverse effects and increase effectiveness of anti-HCV drugs.

Viral hepatitis, an inflammatory liver disease, is caused by various genotypes of hepatitis C viruses (HCV). Hepatitis C slowly sprouts into fibrosis, which progresses to cirrhosis. Over a prolonged period of time compensated cirrhosis can advance to decompensated cirrhosis culminating in hepatic failure and death.

ABCB1-C3435T polymorphism and breast cancer risk: a case-control study and a meta-analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the association of ABCB1-C3435T transition with breast cancer risk which was followed by a meta-analysis.

Methods: In a case-control study we collected blood samples from 290 women (including 150 breast cancer patients and 140 healthy controls). ABCB1-C3435T genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.

A driver role for GABA metabolism in controlling stem and proliferative cell state through GHB production in glioma.

Cell populations with differing proliferative, stem-like and tumorigenic states co-exist in most tumors and especially malignant gliomas. Whether metabolic variations can drive this heterogeneity by controlling dynamic changes in cell states is unknown. Metabolite profiling of human adult glioblastoma stem-like cells upon loss of their tumorigenicity revealed a switch in the catabolism of the GABA neurotransmitter toward enhanced production and secretion of its by-product GHB (4-hydroxybutyrate).

Association of CCND1 Gene c.870G>A Polymorphism with Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-ControlStudy and a Meta-Analysis.

Cyclin D1 (CCND1) plays an essential role in regulating the progress of the cell cycle from G1 to S phase. There is a common c.870G>A polymorphism in the CCND1 gene.

Acute kidney injury and post-reperfusion syndrome in liver transplantation.

In the past decades liver transplantation (LT) has become the treatment of choice for patients with end stage liver disease (ESLD). The chronic shortage of cadaveric organs for transplantation led to the utilization of a greater number of marginal donors such as older donors or donors after circulatory death (DCD). The improved survival of transplanted patients has increased the frequency of long-term complications, in particular chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Better prognostic marker in ICU - APACHE II, SOFA or SAP II!

Objectives: This study was designed to determine the comparative efficacy of different scoring system in assessing the prognosis of critically ill patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in medical intensive care unit (MICU) and high dependency unit (HDU) Medical Unit III, Civil Hospital, from April 2012 to August 2012. All patients over age 16 years old who have fulfilled the criteria for MICU admission were included.

Ductal Spread Versus High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Diagnostic Pitfall.

Ductal spread (DS) of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate can lead to an incomplete replacement of the benign epithelium by cancer cells, resulting in a lesion that can be indistinguishable from high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). Kovi and colleagues demonstrated 30 years ago that there is a significant association between the presence of DS and local extent of invasive adenocarcinoma, making the distinction between DS and HGPIN clinically relevant. However, despite the existence of certain morphologic features that are suggestive of DS, a definitive differentiation between the aforementioned lesions cannot always be attained.

EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANALGESIC AND ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITIES OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF SEEDS OF BUCHANANIA LANZAN SPRENG. IN ANIMAL MODELS.

The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of seeds of Buchanania lanzan Spreng. Albino mice were used as experimental animals to evaluate these activities. The study was performed in three phases; Phase-I for evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity, Phase-II for antipyretic and Phase-HI for analgesic activities were evaluated.

Transplant Medicine in China: Need for Transparency and International Scrutiny Remains.

Previous publications have described unethical organ procurement procedures in the People's Republic of China. International awareness and condemnation contributed to the announcement abolishing the procurement of organs from executed prisoners starting from January 2015. Eighteen months after the announcement, and aligned with the upcoming International Congress of the Transplantation Society in Hong Kong, this paper revisits the topic and discusses whether the declared reform has indeed been implemented.

Outcomes After Weekend Admission for Deceased Donor Kidney Transplantation: A Population Cohort Study.

Background: Outcomes for weekend hospital admissions or emergency procedures have become a topical and controversial issue for the UK National Health Service. Deceased-donor kidney transplantation is frequently performed at weekends and evidence for its relative safety are lacking.

Methods: We undertook a population-based cohort analysis, obtaining data from every deceased-donor kidney-alone transplant procedure performed in England between January 2003 and December 2014.

The Spectrum of Renal Allograft Failure.

Background: Causes of "true" late kidney allograft failure remain unclear as study selection bias and limited follow-up risk incomplete representation of the spectrum.

Methods: We evaluated all unselected graft failures from 2008-2014 (n = 171; 0-36 years post-transplantation) by contemporary classification of indication biopsies "proximate" to failure, DSA assessment, clinical and biochemical data.

Results: The spectrum of graft failure changed markedly depending on the timing of allograft failure.

Oxidative stress responses in Wistar rats on subacute exposure to pharmaceutical wastewater.

Water pollution has been a major concern for agrarian societies like Pakistan. Pharmaceutical industries are amongst the foremost contributor to industrial waste. Present study addresses the generation of oxidative stress caused by 2 months exposure to pharmaceutical wastewater in rats and their response to oral treatment with vitamin E, a potent antioxidant.

Factors Influencing Animal Bites in Iran: A Descriptive Study.

Objectives: Animal bite is a significant health economic challenge worldwide. In Iran, there has been an increase in the number of animal bites in recent years. This study was performed to investigate the epidemiology of animal bites and their influencing factors in Semirom, Iran, from 2008 to 2012.

Detecting and Trapping of a Single C. elegans Worm in a Microfluidic Chip for Automated Microplate Dispensing.

Microfluidic devices offer new technical possibilities for a precise manipulation of Caenorhabditis elegans due to the comparable length scale. C. elegans is a small, free-living nematode worm that is a popular model system for genetic, genomic, and high-throughput experimental studies of animal development and neurobiology.

Comparing glycaemic benefits of Active Versus passive lifestyle Intervention in kidney Allograft Recipients (CAVIAR): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Lifestyle modification is widely recommended to kidney allograft recipients post transplantation due to the cardiometabolic risks associated with immunosuppression including new-onset diabetes, weight gain and cardiovascular events. However, we have no actual evidence that undertaking lifestyle modification protects from any adverse outcomes post transplantation. The aim of this study is to compare whether a more proactive versus passive interventional approach to modify lifestyle is associated with superior outcomes post kidney transplantation.

The Effect of a Yeast Probiotic on Acute Diarrhea in Children.

A probiotic is a living micro-organism administered to promote the health of the host by treating or preventing infections owing to strains of pathogens. Saccharomyces boulardii is a nonpathogen yeast that has a direct inhibitory effect on the growth of many pathogens, an anti-secretory effect and a trophic effect on enterocytes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of S.

Stress-Induced Stroke and Stomach Cancer: Sex Differences in Oxygen Saturation.

Sex differences in stress-related diseases such as stroke and stomach cancer are well established, but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unknown. Despite the fact that sexual hormones play an important role in the high resistance of females to harmful effects of stress compared with males, the regulation of oxygenation status can be a potential factor, which might explain sex differences in stress-induced cerebrovascular catastrophes in newborn rats and in mutagens activation in adult rats with stomach cancer.

ANALGESIC, ANTIPYRETIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF GREWIA ASIATICA FRUIT EXTRACTS IN ALBINO MICE.

The present study was aimed to assess biological (analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory) activities of methanolic and aqueous fruit extracts of Grewia asiatica. The study was performed on albino mice. Analgesic effect of the extracts was determined by acetic acid induced writhing.

A Rare Case of Epstein-Barr Virus Negative Inflammatory Pseudotumor-like Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma Presenting as a Solitary Colonic Mass in a 53-Year-Old Woman; Case Report and Review of Literature.

Follicular dendritic cell (FDC) sarcoma is a rare neoplasm that occurs predominantly in lymph nodes. One third of FDC sarcomas happens in extranodal sites. There are 2 morphologic variants of this tumor: conventional and inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT)-like.

Mitochondrial clearance by the STK38 kinase supports oncogenic Ras-induced cell transformation.

Oncogenic Ras signalling occurs frequently in many human cancers. However, no effective targeted therapies are currently available to treat patients suffering from Ras-driven tumours. Therefore, it is imperative to identify downstream effectors of Ras signalling that potentially represent promising new therapeutic options.