Intraoral Neuromuscular Stimulation Device and Rapid Eye Movement-Dependent Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep breathing disorder characterized by recurrent pharyngeal collapse secondary to the decreased tone of the pharyngeal dilator muscles. The genioglossus muscle is a major pharyngeal dilator responsible for maintaining the upper airway. Research has shown that patients with OSA have a stronger but less endurant genioglossus muscle.

Fall, Fracture, and Two Episodes of Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious diabetic complication that is characterized by hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and ketosis. A subset of DKA patients may present with blood glucose levels <250 mg/dL which may delay the diagnosis. This subset is referred to as euglycemic DKA (euDKA).

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Hidden Etiology of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), a common variant of sleep-disordered breathing, is characterized by repeated complete or partial collapse of upper airways during sleep, leading to oxyhemoglobin desaturations. The obstruction may be iatrogenically induced in patients undergoing Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF). Damage to the pharyngeal plexus during the procedure may predispose to a new collapse of the upper airway, and the placement of the hardware for the fusion may lead to further narrowing of the upper airway.

Hidden Dangers of Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a breathing disorder secondary to collapsing upper airways while sleeping. The collapse leads to a significant decrease or a complete cessation of airflow despite an ongoing effort to breathe. OSA leads to poor sleep quantity and quality, which, in turn, causes temporary cognitive impairments.

Tramadol Induced Jerks.

Myoclonus is a sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or a group of muscles. Myoclonus may present in form of a pattern or, sporadically and infrequently. It is usually associated with neurological disorders such as epilepsy, multiple sclerosis or infections, and tumors of the central nervous system.

The Many Fronts of Battling Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a breathing disorder during sleep secondary to collapsing upper airways that leads to a significant decrease or a complete cessation of airflow despite an effort to breathe. As the name suggests, an obstruction, likely caused by an inherited narrow airway, is the most common cause. But there are less known factors that may contribute to the worsening of OSA.

Paradoxical Insomnia in a Frustrated Patient Treated With Hypnotics for Ten Years.

Insomnia remains a common complaint for which patients present to their primary care providers. The reflex response by most primary care providers to treat insomnia is by prescribing hypnotics. The most commonly prescribed hypnotic is a sedative, such as a benzodiazepine or a benzodiazepine receptor agonist (BRZA).