High-Risk Lineages of Hybrid Plasmids Carrying Virulence and Carbapenemase Genes.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRE) are a global health threat due to their high morbidity and mortality rates and limited treatment options. This study examines the plasmid-mediated transmission of virulence and antibiotic resistance determinants in carbapenem-resistant () and () isolated from Russian hospitals. : We performed short- and long-read whole-genome sequencing of 53 clinical isolates (48 and 5 ) attributed to 15 genetic lineages and collected from 21 hospitals across nine Russian cities between 2016 and 2022.

Non- Species: Occurrence in Infections in Hospitalized Patients, Identification, and Antibiotic Resistance.

Background: species other than are becoming increasingly more important as opportunistic pathogens for humans. The primary aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, species distribution, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and carbapenemase gene content of clinical non- () isolates that were collected as part of a sentinel surveillance program of bacterial infections in hospitalized patients. The secondary aim was to evaluate the performance of MALDI-TOF MS systems for the species-level identification of isolates.

Genomic analysis of the international high-risk clonal lineage Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 395.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae, which is frequently associated with hospital- and community-acquired infections, contains multidrug-resistant (MDR), hypervirulent (hv), non-MDR/non-hv as well as convergent representatives. It is known that mostly international high-risk clonal lineages including sequence types (ST) 11, 147, 258, and 307 drive their global spread. ST395, which was first reported in the context of a carbapenemase-associated outbreak in France in 2010, is a less well-characterized, yet emerging clonal lineage.

Molecular Epidemiology of -Positive and Isolates: Results from Russian Sentinel Surveillance (2013-2018).

Background: The dissemination of mobile colistin resistance () genes is a serious healthcare threat because polymyxins represent "last-line" therapeutics for multi-drug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of colistin resistance and genes and characteristics of clinical () and () isolates and plasmids carrying these genes in Russia.

Methods: A total of 4324 and 4530 collected in the frame of sentinel surveillance in 2013-2018 were tested for susceptibility to colistin and other antibiotics using the broth microdilution method.

Fighting Antibiotic Resistance in Hospital-Acquired Infections: Current State and Emerging Technologies in Disease Prevention, Diagnostics and Therapy.

Rising antibiotic resistance is a global threat that is projected to cause more deaths than all cancers combined by 2050. In this review, we set to summarize the current state of antibiotic resistance, and to give an overview of the emerging technologies aimed to escape the pre-antibiotic era recurrence. We conducted a comprehensive literature survey of >150 original research and review articles indexed in the Web of Science using "antimicrobial resistance," "diagnostics," "therapeutics," "disinfection," "nosocomial infections," "ESKAPE pathogens" as key words.

Human Chr18 transcriptome dataset combined from the Illumina HiSeq, ONT MinION, and qPCR data.

The chromosome-centric dataset was created by applying several technologies of transcriptome profiling. The described dataset is available at NCBI repository (BioProject ID PRJNA635536). The dataset referred to the same type of tissue, cell lines, transcriptome sequencing technologies, and was accomplished in a period of 8 years (the first data were obtained in 2013 while the last ones - in 2020).

Universal Actuator for Efficient Silencing of Genes Based on Convergent Transcription Resistant to Rho-Dependent Termination.

Dynamic control is a distinguished strategy in modern metabolic engineering, in which inducible convergent transcription is an attractive approach for conditional gene silencing. Instead of a simple strong "reverse" () promoter, a three-component actuator has been developed for constitutive genes silencing. These actuators, consisting of promoters with different strengths, the ribosomal transcription antitermination-inducing sequence -AT, and the RNase III processing site, were inserted into the 3'-UTR of three metabolic genes.

Amino Acid Substitutions N123D and N149D in Hemagglutinin Molecule Enhance Immunigenicity of Live Attenuated Influenza H7N9 Vaccine Strain in Experiment.

We compared three cold-adapted live attenuated influenza vaccine strains prepared by reverse genetics methods on the basis of master donor virus A/Leningrad/134/17/57 and influenza H7N9 strains A/Anhui/1/2013 and A/Shanghai/1/2013. Two strains based on A/Anhui/1/2013 differed by amino acid positions 123 and 149 in HA1 (123N/149N; 123D/149D). All strains efficiently replicated in developing chicken embryos; A/Shanghai/1/2013-based strain and A/Anhui/1/2013-123N/149N variant were characterized by reduced replication in MDCK cells.

[Lipid metabolism state under exposure to noise and aluminum dust].

Serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides were studied in experimental machinery workers and in reference group. The examinees exposed to occupational hazards demonstrated severe dyslipidemia.

Effect of allo- and xenotransplantation of embryonic nervous tissue and umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells on structural and functional state of cerebral cortex of albino rats in posttraumatic period.

Comparative study of the structural and functional state of cerebral cortex of adult albino rats after intracerebral allo- and xenotransplantation of embryonic nervous tissue and intravenous injection of umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells at different terms after diffuse-focal cerebral trauma revealed the best cerebroprotective effect on day 7 of posttraumatic period in animals receiving embryonic nervous tissue.

[The status of and developmental outlook for sports medicine and therapeutic physical exercise in Ukraine].

The sports medicine service in Ukraine, its structure, priority tasks, manpower potential, extent and quality of care-giving to sportsmen and those individuals engaged in physical culture over the period 1997-1998 are detailed. Case follow-up findings are submitted together with indices for medical and biological supplies to sportsmen. Ways for further improvement of the sports medicine service are outlined.

[The history of the development of sports medicine and therapeutic physical exercise in Ukraine].

The article focuses on stages of the history of development of sports medicine and remedial gymnastics in Ukraine. Shown in the article is a high level development of physical culture and its medical maintenance in Ukraine in the beginning of the 20th century. A valuable contribution to the development of remedial gymnastics and sports medicine was made, among others, by Professors O.

[The characteristics of the development of cataleptic phenomena during the action of a new Ukrainian neuroleptic--a butyrophenone derivative--in experiments on mice].

There are studying the symptoms of development catalepsy at new home preparation, which is having the butirophenone's derivative. There are shown that the time development and manifestation of catalepsy are depending from preparation's dose: 0.1 mg/kg-1.

[The effect of the vibration and noise factor on the physical work capacity and autonomic nervous system function of workers in vibration-hazardous jobs].

An unexampled study was made of the peripheral vegetative incompetence syndrome developing in vibration disease. It is shown that chronic occupational exposure to vibration and noise results in damage to the segmentary apparatus of the vegetative nervous system. Vegetative inadequacies are manifested by impairement of cardiovascular functions.

[The clinical efficacy of the combined drug agent Valcophen in children].

Children affected by acute virus respiratory infection running its course with characteristic symptoms of rhinitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and acute bronchitis were administered combination therapy with a new pharmaceutical valcophen in a tablet form. In a clinical trial of the above drug, gratifying therapeutic results were found to be obtainable with a 2-to-3 day course of treatment at minimum dosage.

[Spasmophilia in children and the anticonvulsant properties of a new Ukrainian preparation containing a pyrimidine derivative].

Tablets valcophen, which are containing the pyrimidine's derivative, have an acute anticonvulsive activity. Tablets valcophen and granules phenobarbital for children are having the same activity, which have been marked about lower intensity convulsions, quantity of a lived animals and also lengthening a time of deathing mice. These investigations are showing that tablets valcophen may be used for treatment convulsive state in children.

[The physiological properties of the action of a new analgesic and antipyretic preparation].

Children's morbidity from Chernobyl accident aftereffects was studied. New preparation "Paravit" was created. This preparation is for treatment illnesses, which are accompanied by pain and slight temperature.

[An experimental study of the pharmacokinetics of a new pediatric drug form--Paravit tablets].

A comparative study of Paravit and paracetamol pharmacokinetics is carried out on impuberal rabbits. It has been shown that ascortic acid present in Paravit enhances the bioavailability of paracetamol. The relative bioequivalence of Paravit is found to be 136.

[Paracetamol pharmacokinetics in the blood plasma of sexually immature rabbits with the use of the new Paravit preparation].

"Paravit" tablets have been investigated. The pharmacokinetics of "Paravit" was studied on preadolescent rabbit. "Paracetamol" tablets were used for comparison.

[The effect of Val'kofen tablets for children on the function of the gastrointestinal tract and liver in an experiment].

It was prepared new child's medicinal form, the tablets "Valcophene" for making a wider variety of pediatric preparation's. It is studied the influence of "Valcophene" on the functional state of alimentary canal in experiment on rat's. Results investigation's are testified to absence of ulcerative action in new child's preparations.

[Eyeball shape in children with emmetropia and myopia].

In order to determine the eyeball shape, the authors have carried out ultrasonic biometry of its three major parameters, the anteroposterior axis (APA), horizontal diameter (HD), and vertical diameter (VD), and estimated the ratios of these values (APA/HD and APA/VD) in children with emmetropia (234 eyes) and those with slight and medium-grave myopia (660 eyes), aged 7 to 14. The findings evidence a compressed ellipsoidal shape of the eyeball, presenting as a vertical oval, in all subjects with emmetropic refraction, whatever their age. In myopia the eyeball shape transforms, and all the eyeball sizes are increased, but the APA size is growing more rapidly than the rest sizes, and the eyeball acquires the ball shape with a trend to an elongated ellipsoidal shape.