Phyllanthi Fructus ameliorates hyperuricemia and kidney injure via inhibiting uric acid synthesis, modulating urate transporters, and alleviating inflammation.

Phyllanthi Fructus, known as Yuganzi (YGZ), is a unique medicine and food homologous fruit with both medicinal and nutritional properties. Its historical use in treating hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout is well-documented. However, the precise therapeutic effects and potential molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Real-Time Monitoring of the Evaporation and Fission of Electrospray-Ionized Polystyrene Beads and Bacterial Pellets at Elevated Temperatures.

This study uses real-time monitoring, at microsecond time scales, with a charge-sensing particle detector to investigate the evaporation and fission processes of methanol/micrometer-sized polystyrene beads (PS beads) droplets and bacterial particles droplets generated via electrospray ionization (ESI) under elevated temperatures. By incrementally raising capillary temperatures, the solvent, such as methanol on 0.75 μm PS beads, experiences partial evaporation.

Rapid Quantification of Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymer from Single Bacterial Cells with Mass Spectrometry.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is one of the biocompatible and biodegradable plastics that can be produced and accumulated as granules inside microorganisms. In this study, a new approach to rapidly quantify a short-chain-length PHA, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), produced from genetically engineered containing is presented. The mass of each bacterial cell was measured using a laser-induced radio frequency (rf) plasma charge detection quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer (LIRFP CD QIT-MS), and then, the PHB contents were determined by calculating the change in cellular mass.

Amelioration of AOM/DSS-Induced Murine Colitis-Associated Cancer by Evodiamine Intervention is Primarily Associated with Gut Microbiota-Metabolism-Inflammatory Signaling Axis.

Evodiamine (EVO), an indole alkaloid derived from Rutaceae plants (Juss.) Benth.、 (Juss.

Pharmacokinetic studies of multi-bioactive components in rat plasma after oral administration of Xintiantai Ⅰ extract and effects of guide drug borneol on pharmacokinetics.

Objective: To investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of 17 bioactive components including ginsenoside Rg1, Rb1, Rd, berberine, epiberberine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine, columbamine, coptisine, evodiamine, dehydroevodiamine, rutaecarpine, limonin, hyperin, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in rat plasma after oral administration of Xintiantai I extract powder (XI) and Xintiantai I without guide drug borneol extract powder (XI without borneol), and study the compatibility effects of guide drug borneol on the pharmacokinetics.

Methods: A UHPLC-MS/MS method was established and fully validated for the comparative pharmacokinetics of 17 bioactive components. The pharmacokinetics parameters of 17 bioactive components after oral administration of XI and XI without borneol were calculated by the software of DAS 3.

Autophagy in Alzheimer's disease and promising modulatory effects of herbal medicine.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and unremitting neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment. It affects the quality of life of victims severely. The prevalence of AD has been increasing in recent years.

Morphology, structure and in vitro digestibility of starches isolated from Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. by alkali and ethanol methods.

The tubers of Ipomoea batatas was one of the main sources of starch. This work aimed to assess the effect of extraction methods (alkali method and ethanol method) on the structural and physicochemical properties of Ipomoea batatas starches. The amylose content ranged from 10.

Ionization of Submicrometer-Sized Particles by Laser-Induced Radiofrequency Plasma for Mass Spectrometric Analysis.

A laser-induced rf plasma (LIRFP) ion source was developed to ionize submicrometer-sized particles for the first time. The LIRFP ion source can increase the charge of those particles to several thousand charges via charge exchange reactions so that those particles can be trapped and analyzed with a charge detection quadrupole ion trap-mass spectrometer (CD QIT-MS). Different reagent gases for charge exchange reaction were investigated, viz.

[Comparison of dissolution properties between Ginseng micropowder and common powder].

Objective: To compare the dissolution properties of Ginseng micropowder and common powder in vitro and investigate the effect of micronization on dissolution of Ginseng.

Methods: Five ginsenosides including Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, and Rb2 were determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and the dissolution curves of Ginseng micropowder and common powder were drawn.

Results: The dissolution rates of ginsenosides from micropowder exceeded 90% within 5 min, significantly greater than that from common powder.

[Comparative analysis of volatile oils of Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction and its major constituted herbs by GC-MS].

Objective: To evaluate the correlativity between volatile oils of Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction and its major constituted herbs in composition and proportion.

Methods: The chemical compositions of volatile oils obtained by wet distillation from Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction and its major constituted herbs (Herba Ephedrae, processed Radix Aconiti Lateralis, Herba Asari) were analyzed by GC-MS.

Results: 44 volatile components of Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction were identified, which mainly derived from its constituted herbs Mahuang and Xixin.