Initial Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Loss and Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy Over a Four-Year Period.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the rapid rate of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thinning in short-term is associated with the future risk of developing diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: This prospective cohort study utilized 4-year follow-up data from the Guangzhou Diabetic Eye Study. The pRNFL thickness was measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Naphtho[1,8-ef]isoindole-7,8,10(9H)-trione as Novel Theranostic Agents for Photodynamic Therapy and Multi-Subcellular Organelles Localization.

A series of naphtho[1,8-ef]isoindole-7,8,10(9H)-trione derivatives as novel theranostic agents for photodynamic therapy and multi-subcellular organelles localization were designed and synthesized. Most of them possess moderate fluorescence quantum yield and long wavelength absorption simultaneously, which made them possible for dual effects of imaging and therapy. Notably, compounds 7 b and 7 d exhibited significant light-toxicity but slight dark-toxicity.

Visual outcome of various dose of glucocorticoids treatment in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy- a retrospective analysis.

Background And Purpose: The objective of this investigation was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of distinct glucocorticoid therapy dosages in the management of acute nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective, unmasked, and non-randomized study included a total of 85 patients. The patients were categorized into four groups: Group 1 (control) consisted of 15 patients who did not receive glucocorticoids, Group 2 included 16 patients administered with oral prednisone at a dosage of 1 mg/kg/d for 14 days, Group 3 comprised 30 patients who received 250 units of methylprednisolone once daily for 3 days, followed by oral prednisone at a dosage of 1 mg/kg/d for 11 days, and Group 4 encompassed 24 patients who received 500 units of methylprednisolone once daily for 3 days, followed by oral prednisone at a dosage of 1 mg/kg/d for 11 days.

Allergy Test Dosage of Fluorescein Detects Diabetic Retinopathy Changes in Fundus Fluorescein Angiography.

Background: The aims of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of allergy test dosage of fluorescein sodium (1%) for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) detection in Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA) examination as compared to the regular dosage (20%).

Methods: Totally 77 eyes from 42 DR patients were included in this prospective study. Capillary non-perfusion area, neovascularization, diabetic macular edema and microaneurysms were measured by FFA and compared at 1, 5 and 15 min after intravenous injection of 1% or 20% fluorescein sodium.

Normal-weight central obesity and risk of cardiovascular and microvascular events in adults with prediabetes or diabetes: Chinese and British cohorts.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between body fat distribution and risk of cardiometabolic and microvascular events among individuals with prediabetes or diabetes with normal body mass index (BMI).

Methods: A total of 17,232 participants with prediabetes or diabetes from UK Biobank (UKB) with 12-year follow-up and 499 diabetic participants from China with 2-year follow-up with normal BMI were included. Anthropometric measurements of waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and body fat composition assessment of trunk-to-leg fat ratio (TLFR) were obtained.

Metabolomic phenotyping of obesity for profiling cardiovascular and ocular diseases.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the impacts of metabolomic body mass index (metBMI) phenotypes on the risks of cardiovascular and ocular diseases outcomes.

Methods: This study included cohorts in UK and Guangzhou, China. By leveraging the serum metabolome and BMI data from UK Biobank, this study developed and validated a metBMI prediction model using a ridge regression model among 89,830 participants based on 249 metabolites.

Brain and Cognition Signature Fingerprinting Vascular Health in Diabetic Individuals: An International Multi-Cohort Study.

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between cognitive signatures and the risk of diabetic vascular complications and mortality, based on a multicountry prospective study.

Methods: The participants comprised 27,773 diabetics from the UK Biobank (UKB) and 1307 diabetics from the Guangzhou Diabetic Eye Study (GDES) cohort. The exposures were brain volume and cognitive screening tests for UKB participants, whilst the global cognitive score (GCS) measuring orientation to time and attention, episodic memory, and visuospatial abilities were determined for GDES participants.

The effects of a training program for reducing nurses' discrimination towards PLWHAs.

Performing a training program for reducing nurses' discrimination towards AIDS clients, and then evaluating the effect of the training model and analyzing the influencing factors of the training effect to form a long-run training model. 150 clinical nurses were selected to attend the program to reduce nurses' discrimination towards AIDS clients. The program included 3 steps: knowledge education, psychological intervention, and behavior correcting.

Diversified Treatment Options of Adult Stem Cells for Optic Neuropathies.

Optic neuropathies refer to a group of ocular disorders with abnormalities or dysfunction of the optic nerve, sharing a common pathophysiology of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and axonal loss. RGCs, as the retinal neurons in the central nervous system, show limited capacity in regeneration or recovery upon diseases or after injuries. Critically, there is still no effective clinical treatment to cure most types of optic neuropathies.

Non-pharmacological intervention effects on apathy caused by central nervous system organic diseases: A network meta-analysis.

Background: To evaluate the best non-pharmacological interventions on apathy in patients with central nervous system (CNS) organic diseases.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library electronic databases, China national knowledge infrastructure, Wanfang and Chinese biomedical literature database studies published from 2011 to May 29, 2021. A combination of subject words and free words were used for searching.

Association of Ultra-Short-Term Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation With Disease Progression in Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma: The CUPAL Study.

Prcis: This study demonstrated significant differences in ultra-short-term IOP fluctuations, measured by a contact lens sensor between progressive and stable PACG eyes, during the first one hour after falling asleep.

Purpose: To identify the most sensitive period for detecting significant ultra-short-term intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuation associated with disease progression in primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG).

Materials And Methods: PACG eyes, which had been followed up for over 2 years under the CUHK PACG Longitudinal (CUPAL) Study, were recruited.

Pain Symptoms in Optic Neuritis.

Signs and symptoms of optic neuritis (ON), an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), differ between patients. Pain, which is commonly reported by ON patients, may be the major reason for some patients to visit the clinic. This article reviews the presence of pain related to ON with respect to underlying disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOGAD).

The clinical application of critical flicker fusion frequency in demyelinating optic neuritis.

Purpose: To investigate the application of critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) in demyelinating optic neuritis (DON).

Methods: A cross-sectional study. A total of 127 eyes in 69 DON patients and 63 eyes in 33 healthy control (HC) groups were included between January 2021 to September 2021 from Department of Ophthalmology, PLA General Hospital.

A comparative study of alteration in retinal layer segmentation alteration by SD-OCT in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To evaluate the feature of different retinal layer segmentation in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to compare it with that in multiple sclerosis (MS), healthy controls (HC), and idiopathic optic neuritis (ION).

Methods: We retrieved four electronic databases, including Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception to September 1st, 2021. A meta-analysis was performed to compare different retinal layer segmentation thicknesses between patients with or without a history of optic neuritis (ON) in NMOSD and the control group, including patients with MS, HC, and ION.

Vision improvement in severe acute isolated optic neuritis after plasma exchange treatment in Chinese population: a prospective case series study.

Background: Plasma exchange (PE) is often considered as an effective treatment for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and several inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system. This study aimed to evaluate the visual outcomes of Chinese patients with severe acute isolated optic neuritis (ON) who received PE therapy after high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) treatment.

Methods: Thirty-seven acute isolated ON patients experiencing their first attack of severe visual impairment without neurological disability were recruited.

The value of transurethral thulium laser en bloc resection combined with a single immediate postoperative intravesical instillation of pirarubicin in primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

The objective of this study was to evaluate which patients might benefit from a single immediate postoperative intravesical instillation (SII) compared to maintenance intravesical instillations (MII) in primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after transurethral en bloc resection of bladder tumors (ERBT). A total of 141 patients with primary NMIBC who underwent ERBT with thulium laser between January 2012 and May 2016 were retrospectively enrolled. All the patients were categorized into two groups based on the duration of postoperative intravesical instillation of pirarubicin (THP): single intravesical instillation (SII) group, patients received a single immediate postoperative intravesical instillation of THP (30 mg), and maintenance intravesical instillations (MII) group, patients received a 1-year MII of THP (30 mg).

Intraocular pressure control and visual field changes in primary angle closure disease: the CUHK PACG Longitudinal (CUPAL) study.

Purpose: To determine the relationship of intraocular pressure (IOP) control with subsequent visual field (VF) deterioration in patients with primary angle closure disease (PACD).

Methods: 419 PACD eyes from 240 Chinese patients were included. Mean IOP and IOP fluctuation were calculated as the average and SD divided by mean IOP, respectively, of all the IOP measured in the initial 18 months for assessment of IOP control.

Novel designed azo substituted semi-cyanine fluorescent probe for cytochrome P450 reductase detection and hypoxia imaging in cancer cells.

A hypoxia activated fluorescent probe AZO-Cy which contains an azo group conjugated to the electron withdrawing part of the fluorescent dye was synthesized. In the presence of NADH, AZO-Cy displayed high selectivity and sensitivity to cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) under low . The probe showed high anti-interference capability in the presence of other biothiols and ions.

A case report of hepatitis B related optic neuritis treated with plasma exchange.

Introduction: There are few studies focusing on Binocular hepatitis B related optic neuritis (HB-ON) and associated therapies are still limited. We present a case of HB-ON which has been cured with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE).

Patient Concerns: The patient was diagnosed as acute hepatitis B in hepatology and got a rapid loss of binocular visual acuity (2/100 in the right eye and no light perception in the left eye) after the onset.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-seropositive paediatric optic neuritis in China.

Background/aims: To investigate clinical characteristics and prognosis of paediatric optic neuritis (PON) in patients seropositive for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab) in China.

Methods: Children displaying initial onset of optic neuritis (ON) were recruited from the Neuro-ophthalmology Department in the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2016 to August 2017. They were assigned into three groups based on antibody status: MOG-Ab-seropositive ON (MOG-ON), aquaporin-4 antibody-seropositive ON (AQP4-ON) and double seronegative ON (seronegative-ON).