Enhanced permeate flux by air micro-nano bubbles via reducing apparent viscosity during ultrafiltration process.

Micro-nano bubbles (MNBs) play important roles in the reduction of membrane fouling during membrane separation; however, such improvements are always attributed to the reduced concentration polarization on the surface of membranes and little attention has been paid on the variations of physicochemical properties of the feed caused by MNBs. In this study, the separation efficiencies of the feed containing humic acid (HA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), sodium alginate (SA) or dyes can be improved by MNBs during ultrafiltration, and the normalized fluxes can be maximally increased to 139% and 127% in the dead-end and cross-flow modes, respectively in the treatment of HA solution. We further reveal that the decreased apparent viscosity of the feed in the presence of MNBs is the key factor that enhances the normalized flux during ultrafiltration.

The fast redox cycle of Cu(II)-Cu(I)-Cu(II) in the reduction of Cr(VI) by the Cu(II)-thiosulfate system.

Thiosulfate (SO) is an important ligand to complex metal cations, however, the reactivity of metal-thiosulfate complexes has barely been mentioned. In this study, the reactivity of the Cu(II)-SO system in the reduction of Cr(VI) was investigated. Kinetic results show that the reduction rates of Cr(VI) decrease with increasing pH values from 3.

Selective oxidation of aniline contaminants via a hydrogen-abstraction pathway by BiWO under visible light and alkaline conditions.

Conversion of aniline wastes to value-added products is always a promising method to treat aniline wastewater. In this study, a selective oxidation of aniline contaminants by BiWO was carried out under visible light and alkaline conditions. Kinetic results show that the oxidation rates of aniline increase with increasing pH values under visible light.

Formation of hydroperoxo (-OOH) species on the surface of self-doped BiWO: reactivity towards As(iii) oxidation.

Bi2+xWO6 is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly photocatalyst that shows high reactivity in the oxidation of various contaminants under visible light. However, under alkaline conditions, the reactive oxidative species in the Bi2+xWO6 system are still not clear yet. In this study, it is observed that the oxidation rates of As(iii) increase with increasing pH values in the Bi2.

Formation and Oxidation Reactivity of MnO(HCO) in the Mn(HCO)-HO System.

The Mn(HCO)-HO (Mn-BAP) system shows high reactivity toward oxidation of electron-rich organic substrates; however, the predominant oxidizing species and its formation pathways involved in the Mn-BAP system are still under debate. In this study, we used the Mn-BAP system to oxidize As(III) in that As(III), Mn, and HCO are common components in As(III)-contaminated groundwater. Kinetic results show that Mn(HCO) [including Mn(HCO) and Mn(HCO)] is a key factor in the Mn-BAP system to oxidize As(III).

New Insight into Polydopamine@ZIF-8 Nanohybrids: A Zinc-Releasing Container for Potential Anticancer Activity.

Despite the initial evidence on the role of zinc and zinc transporters in cancer prevention, little attention has been paid to the zinc-derived compounds. In the present work, we reported a strategy to prepare a kind of zinc-releasing container with enhanced biocompatibility and release dynamics using ZIF-8 nanocrystals as the sacrificial templates. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis demonstrated that the ZIF-8 nanocrystals were gradually etched out in the aqueous media within 48 h, resulting in hollow nanocapsules.

Correction: ZIF-8@polyoxometalate derived Si-doped ZnWO@ZnO nanocapsules with open-shaped structures for efficient visible light photocatalysis.

Correction for 'ZIF-8@polyoxometalate derived Si-doped ZnWO@ZnO nanocapsules with open-shaped structures for efficient visible light photocatalysis' by Jingyu Ran et al., Chem. Commun.

ZIF-8@polyoxometalate derived Si-doped ZnWO@ZnO nanocapsules with open-shaped structures for efficient visible light photocatalysis.

In this work, we report silicon doped ZnWO4@ZnO nanocapsules with open-shaped structures obtained by a facile encapsulation-calcination strategy derived from ZIF-8 and polyoxometalates. Owing to the unique structure and elemental composition, the as-prepared samples respond well to visible light irradiation for degradating Rhodamine B. The possible photocatalytic reaction mechanisms are presented based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Ellipsoidal Colloids with a Controlled Surface Roughness via Bioinspired Surface Engineering: Building Blocks for Liquid Marbles and Superhydrophobic Surfaces.

Understanding the important role of the surface roughness of nano/colloidal particles and harnessing them for practical applications need novel strategies to control the particles' surface topology. Although there are many examples of spherical particles with a specific surface roughness, nonspherical ones with similar surface features are rare. The current work reports a one-step, straightforward, and bioinspired surface engineering strategy to prepare ellipsoidal particles with a controlled surface roughness.

Into the polymer brush regime through the "grafting-to" method: densely polymer-grafted rodlike viruses with an unusual nematic liquid crystal behavior.

The current work reports an intriguing discovery of how the force exerted on protein complexes like filamentous viruses by the strong interchain repulsion of polymer brushes can induce subtle changes of the constituent subunits at the molecular scale. Such changes transform into the macroscopic rearrangement of the chiral ordering of the rodlike virus in three dimensions. For this, a straightforward "grafting-to" PEGylation method has been developed to densely graft a filamentous virus with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG).

Formation of iron (hydr)oxides during the abiotic oxidation of Fe(II) in the presence of arsenate.

Abiotic oxidation of Fe(II) is a common pathway in the formation of Fe (hydr)oxides under natural conditions, however, little is known regarding the presence of arsenate on this process. In hence, the effect of arsenate on the precipitation of Fe (hydr)oxides during the oxidation of Fe(II) is investigated. Formation of arsenic-containing Fe (hydr)oxides is constrained by pH and molar ratios of As:Fe during the oxidation Fe(II).

Reductive dissolution of ferrihydrite with the release of As(V) in the presence of dissolved S(-II).

In this study, reductive dissolution of As(V)-ferrihydrite and the mobilization of As(V) in the presence of S(-II) were investigated under anoxic conditions. Mobilization of As(V) strongly depended on the S(-II):Fe ratio and the amount of As(V) loading on ferrihydrite. High S(-II):Fe ratio caused a more complete dissolution of ferrihydrite and a large fraction of As(V) could be released into solution.

Response surface optimization of ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum.

In this study, an efficient ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction procedure for the water-soluble polysaccharides from the fruit of Lycium barbarum was investigated and optimized. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a three-level four-factor Box Behnken Design (BBD) was employed to optimize the extraction conditions inlcluding extraction time, ultrasonic output power, cellulose concentration and extraction temperature. The experimental data were adequately fitted into a second-order polynomial model.

Drying effects on the antioxidant properties of polysaccharides obtained from Agaricus blazei Murrill.

Three polysaccharides (ABMP-F, ABMP-V, ABMP-A) were obtained from Agaricus blazei Murrill via methods such as freeze drying, vacuum drying and air drying, respectively. Their chemical compositions were examined, and antioxidant activities were investigated on the basis of assay for hydroxyl radical, DPPH radical, ABTS free radical scavenging ability and assay for Fe(2+)-chelating ability. Results showed that the three ABMPs have different physicochemical and antioxidant properties.

Mobilization and re-adsorption of arsenate on ferrihydrite and hematite in the presence of oxalate.

In this study, mobilization and re-adsorption of arsenate on 2-line ferrihydrite and hematite in the presence of oxalate was investigated. Our results showed that arsenate could be mobilized during the dissolution of ferrihydrite and hematite. After reaching the maximum values, the released arsenate could re-adsorb on the residual ferrihydrite, whereas such an observation was not significant in hematite system.

Adsorptive removal of dibenzothiophene from model fuels over one-pot synthesized PTA@MIL-101(Cr) hybrid material.

Hybrid nanomaterials comprising phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and MIL-101(Cr) were prepared through one-pot synthesis and post-modification methods and then were used as adsorbents of dibenzothiophene (DBT) from simulated diesel fuels. Samples obtained by different ways (encapsulation and impregnation) were characterized by nitrogen adsorption, transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) and series of adsorption experiments. The equilibrium adsorption capacities of PTA@MIL-101(Cr) illustrated that the direct introduction of PTA into MIL-101(Cr) during synthesis resulted in a 10.

Effects of extraction methods on the antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Agaricus blazei Murrill.

Five polysaccharides were obtained from Agaricus blazei Murrill (ABM) through different extraction methods including hot water extraction, single enzyme extraction (pectinase, cellulase or papain) and compound enzymes extraction (cellulase:pectinase:papain). Their characteristics such as the polysaccharide yield, polysaccharide content, protein content, infrared spectra were determined, and antioxidant activities were investigated on the basis of hydroxyl radical, DPPH free radical, ABTS free radical and reducing power. The results showed that five extracts exhibited antioxidant activities in a concentration-dependent manner.

Response surface optimization of enzyme-assisted extraction polysaccharides from Dictyophora indusiata.

An enzyme-assisted procedure for the extraction of the water-soluble polysaccharides from the stipe of Dictyophora indusiata was investigated using response surface methodology. The orthogonal array design was employed to optimize the concentration of three kinds of enzyme (cellulase, papain and pectolyase) and the optimal cellulose, papain and pectolyase concentration were 2.0% (wt.

Abiotic oxidation of Mn(II) induced oxidation and mobilization of As(III) in the presence of magnetite and hematite.

Manganese (hydr)oxides are powerful oxidants mediating the transformation of As(III) to As(V) under natural conditions, however, the presence of Mn(II) on the oxidation of As(III) in the pH range of 7.0-9.0 has not been reported so far.

Effects of Mn(II) on the sorption and mobilization of As(V) in the presence of hematite.

In this study, the effects of Mn(II) on the sorption and mobilization of As(V) by synthetic hematite were investigated. Our results showed that As(V) removal by hematite was evidently dependent on pH, and simultaneous addition of Mn(II) and As(V) into hematite suspension resulted in more removal of As(V) via electrostatic attraction at pH 4.0, 7.

A facile method for improving the covalent crosslinking adsorption process of catalase immobilization.

In this paper, we introduced a polydiol (mixture of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, and 2,3-butanediol) to improve the covalent crosslinking adsorption process of immobilized catalase onto chitosan beads. The adsorption behavior was investigated by means of adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm. The protein content in crosslinking agent required for approximately 45 min to reach the relative equilibrium, and the protein content in solution of the control group and the pretreated group were 6.