DNA of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Binds TMCO6 to Impair CD8+ T-cell Immunity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Unlabelled: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NET), formed by the extracellular release of decondensed chromatin and granules, have been shown to promote tumor progression and metastasis. Tumor-associated neutrophils in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are prone to NET formation, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of action of NETs in liver cancer. Here, we showed that DNA of NETs (NET-DNA) binds transmembrane and coiled-coil domains 6 (TMCO6) on CD8+ T cells to impair antitumor immunity and thereby promote HCC progression.

Sex Differences in Genomic Features of Hepatitis B-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Distinct Antitumor Immunity.

Background & Aims: Aflatoxin exposure increases the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected individuals, particularly males. We investigated sex-based differences in the HCC genome and antitumor immunity.

Methods: Whole-genome, whole-exome, and RNA sequencing were performed on 101 HCC patient samples (47 males, 54 females) that resulted from HBV infection and aflatoxin exposure from Qidong.

High Mobility Group Protein B1 Decreases Surface Localization of PD-1 to Augment T-cell Activation.

High-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is a danger signaling molecule that has been found to trigger an effective antitumor immune response. However, the mechanisms underlying its antitumor effects are not fully understood. Here, we found that HMGB1 release induced by chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer was negatively correlated with PD-1 expression on CD8+ T cells.

Long Noncoding RNA lncNDEPD1 Regulates PD-1 Expression via miR-3619-5p in CD8 T Cells.

Therapies targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) have gained great success in patients with multiple types of cancer. The regulatory mechanisms underlying PD-1 expression have been extensively explored. However, the impact of long noncoding RNAs on PD-1 expression remains elusive.

Galectin-3 favours tumour metastasis via the activation of β-catenin signalling in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: High probability of metastasis limited the long-term survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous study revealed that Galectin-3 was closely associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients.

Methods: The effects of Galectin-3 on tumour metastasis were investigated in vitro and in vivo, and the underlying biological and molecular mechanisms involved in this process were evaluated.

Large-scale analyses identify a cluster of novel long noncoding RNAs as potential competitive endogenous RNAs in progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The abnormal expression of noncoding RNAs has attracted increasing interest in the field of hepatocellular carcinoma progression. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms mediated by noncoding RNAs in these processes are unclear. Here, we obtained the expression profiles of long noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, and mRNAs from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and identified hepatocarcinogenesis-specific differentially expressed transcripts.

Low-Dose IFNγ Induces Tumor Cell Stemness in Tumor Microenvironment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

IFNγ is conventionally recognized as an inflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in antitumor immunity. Although it has been used clinically to treat a variety of malignancies, low levels of IFNγ in the tumor microenvironment (TME) increase the risk of tumor metastasis during immunotherapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that IFNγ can induce cancer progression, yet the mechanisms underlying the controversial role of IFNγ in tumor development remain unclear.

Cancer-cell-secreted CXCL11 promoted CD8 T cells infiltration through docetaxel-induced-release of HMGB1 in NSCLC.

Background: Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy becomes the main trend in lung cancer intervention; however, how chemotherapy promotes the immune function remains elusive. Therefore, we sought to determine how chemotherapy promotes the immune function.

Methods: We determined in 100 NSCLC patients the expression of CD8, functional markers (IFN-γ, Granzyme B, and Perforin) and specific chemokines by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR.

A cycle involving HMGB1, IFN-γ and dendritic cells plays a putative role in anti-tumor immunity.

An important subset in regulating antitumor immunity is the maturation and accumulation of intratumor dendritic cells (DCs), inducing potent T cell cytotoxicity. In this study, we explored how the soluble abundant high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) affected DC activation and retention within lung cancers, and in which way the resultant interferon-γ (IFN-γ) further enhanced DC maturation and accumulation. It was discovered that HMGB1 was correlated with DC markers HLA-DR and CD86 in lung cancers at both mRNA and protein level.

[Application of ozone concentration detection in the medical aspects and its development].

This article introduces some commonly used methods of ozone concentration detection, including chemical method, UV absorption method, and electrochemical method etc., introduces the latest four ozone concentration sensors, and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each method. In addition, the article emphatically introduces the ozone's applications and development in the medical aspects.