Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of fumarate hydratase-deficient uterine smooth muscle tumors: a single-center study of 52 cases.

The fumarate hydratase (FH) gene germline mutations cause hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma syndrome (HLRCC), predisposing carriers to uterine and cutaneous leiomyomas and renal cell carcinoma. In this study, we aim to investigate morphology and the correlation between FH mutation in FH-deficient (FH-d) uterine smooth muscle tumors (uSMTs). We conducted immunohistochemical staining in 161 cases of uSMTs to detect FH deficiency.

Epithelioid leiomyosarcoma of broad ligament harboring PGR-NR4A3 and UBR5-PGR gene fusions: a unique case report.

A novel molecular subset of epithelioid leiomyosarcomas with rhabdoid features harboring PGR gene rearrangements has recently been documented. Herein, we present a unique case of PGR-rearranged smooth muscle tumor with both PGR-NR4A3 and UBR5-PGR gene fusions reported in a 30-year-old woman who had a mass in the broad ligament. The histological examination showed a round/polygonal to spindle cell tumor with abundant myxoid matrix and focal hyalinization, resulting in an epithelioid pattern.

High frequency of and promoter mutations in fibromatosis-like spindle cell carcinomas.

Aims: Fibromatosis-like spindle cell carcinomas (FLSCCs) are rare metaplastic breast cancers (MBCs) that are characterised by bland spindle cells in a collagenous stroma. Although some MBCs are highly malignant, FLSCCs have indolent behaviour with low potential for lymph node or distant metastasis. Owing to their rarity, there are limited genomic data on FLSCCs.

Intense basolateral membrane staining indicates HER2 positivity in invasive micropapillary breast carcinoma.

Invasive micropapillary carcinoma is characterized by the inside-out growth of tumor clusters and displays incomplete membrane immunostaining of HER2. According to the 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology and the College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) HER2-testing recommendation, moderate to intense but incomplete staining could be scored as immunohistochemical 2+. Furthermore, the criteria of immunohistochemical 3+ for this staining pattern are not mentioned.

ALK rearrangement: a high-frequency alteration in ovarian metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Ovarian metastatic tumors from lung adenocarcinoma are rare, and a serial study of these tumors is lacking to date. Additionally, a better understanding of the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of metastatic tumors is needed.

Methods: Seven cases of ovarian metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma from 2013 to 2017 at our institute were investigated.

The complete mitochondrial genome of (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae).

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of was at first sequenced by high-throughput sequencing. As a circular DNA molecule, the complete mitogenome is 15,717 bp in length (GeneBank accession number: MK956103) and consists of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and an AT-rich region. The nucleotide composition is A (41.

Core needle biopsy as an alternative to whole section in IHC4 score assessment for breast cancer prognostication.

Aims: IHC4 score, based on expression of four routine markers (oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and proliferation marker, Ki67), is a recently developed, cost-effective prognostic tool in breast cancer. Possibly, the score may be useful also in advanced diseases where only core needle biopsy (CNB) is available and neoadjuvant therapy. However, its studies on CNB are scant.

A decision tree-based prediction model for fluorescence hybridization gene status in HER2 immunohistochemistry-2+ breast cancers: a 2538-case multicenter study on consecutive surgical specimens.

To investigate the proportion of gene amplifications and the association between the HER2-IHC-staining pattern and gene status in IHC-2+ breast cancers according to 2013 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines. We retrospectively analyzed and re-evaluated the IHC-staining pattern of 2538 IHC-2+ surgical specimens of breast cancer from November 2014 to October 2015 in 12 institutions. All cases used for building a prediction model of gene amplification according to the IHC-staining pattern and were randomly divided into a training set (n = 1914) or validation set (n = 624).

Recruitment-promoting of dormant Microcystis aeruginosa by three benthic bacterial species.

The frequent occurrence of Microcystis aeruginosa blooms benefit from the dormant Microcystis cells, which will be recruited from sediment into overlying water to form a dominant population and algal blooms when external environmental conditions are suitable. Previous studies have unveiled factors involved in M. aeruginosa recruitment and bloom initiation, including nutrition, illumination, temperature, and hydrodynamic force.

Breast carcinoma in sclerosing adenosis: a clinicopathological and immunophenotypical analysis on 206 lesions.

Aims: To fully elucidate the clinicopathological features of breast carcinoma in sclerosing adenosis (SA-BC).

Methods: Clinical and histological characteristics of 206 SA-BCs from 180 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Immunohistochemical phenotype was examined.

Characterisation of GATA3 expression in invasive breast cancer: differences in histological subtypes and immunohistochemically defined molecular subtypes.

Aims: GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) is a sensitive and relatively specific marker in breast and urothelial carcinomas. Its diagnostic utility in primary and metastatic breast cancers has been explored and confirmed. However, the relationship between GATA3 expression and different breast carcinoma intrinsic subtypes has not been specifically defined in the literature despite a few reports with a small number of cases.

Aberrant Expression of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase in Ovarian Carcinoma Independent of Gene Rearrangement.

Ovarian carcinoma is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies. The oncogenic role of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is well characterized in many hematopoietic and solid tumors. ALK expression in ovarian carcinoma has been reported but the exact status of ALK protein and its association with clinicopathologic features requires further investigation.

Bowel mesentery (meso-appendix) microcystic/reticular schwannoma: case report and literature review.

Microcystic/reticular schwannoma is a recently described variant of schwannoma with a predilection for the gastrointestinal tract. Due to overlapping features with other tumors, unawareness of this tumor type may lead to diagnostic and therapeutic pitfalls. We here report a case of microcystic/reticular schwannoma arising in the meso-appendix of a 43-year-old woman.

Prognostic significance of the degree of extranodal extension in patients with penile carcinoma.

This study sought to assess the prognostic significance of the degree of extranodal extension (ENE) and several other risk factors in pathological ENE penile carcinoma. We analyzed prospectively collected data on a consecutive series of 31 chemotherapy-naive patients with proven ENE who underwent therapeutic regional lymphadenectomy. Postoperative external radiotherapy was then performed.

Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) promotes tumor angiogenesis.

Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth, progression and metastasis. Studies indicate that expression and activity of ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) are elevated in metastatic carcinomas. Our previous studies found that angiogenesis of tumor xenografts was decreased when the activity of CD73 in cancer cells was inhibited, implying that this enzyme is involved in tumor angiogenesis.

Short- and long-term toxicities of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in vivo and in vitro.

As nanomaterials are developed and applied, their potential for health hazards needs to be determined. In the present study, we used commercial nude multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) trimmed to a short length (50-200 nm; s-MWCNTs) and synthesized functionalized MWCNTs with polyethylene glycol (PEG) (s-MWCNTs-PEG). We then studied the toxic effects of s-MWCNTs and s-MWCNTs-PEG on cultured cells and in a mouse model.

RNAi-mediated CD73 suppression induces apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in human breast cancer cells.

Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73), a cell surface protein that hydrolyzes extracellular AMP into adenosine and phosphate, is overexpressed in many solid tumors. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that increased CD73 may promote tumor progression by examining the effect of CD73 suppression via RNA interference and CD73 overexpression on tumor growth in vivo and in vitro. Using digitized whole-body images, plate clone forming assay and TUNEL assay in frozen tissue sections, we found that the cell growth rate was significantly lower in vivo and in vitro after CD73 suppression and late apoptosis was much higher in xenograft tumors developed from the CD73-siRNA transfected MB-MDA-231 clone (P1).

Folate-bearing doxorubicin-loaded magnetic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microspheres as a new strategy for cancer therapy.

Doxorubicin is a classic anticancer agent. Recently, numerous strategies have been used to enhance efficacy of drug delivery for cancer treatment. For example, by modifying poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microspheres, a nanocarrier, makes it more effective.

[Inhibitory effect of angiogenesis inhibitor YH-16 on liver metastases from colorectal cancer].

Background & Objective: YH-16, a new recombinant angiogenesis inhibitor, has demonstrated synergetic effects with chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer treatment in stage II clinical trial. This study was to investigate the effect of YH-16 on liver metastases from colon cancer.

Methods: Inhibitory concentration 50% (IC(50)) of YH-16 on vascular endothelial cells and colon cancer cell line CT26 was determined by MTT assay.

[Univariate and multivariate regression analyses of recurrence and metastasis of colon cancer after radical resection].

Background & Objective: The prognosis of colon cancer after radical resection has seldom been reported, and the results are different. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic factors related to recurrence and metastasis of colon cancer after radical resection.

Methods: The clinicopathologic and follow-up data of 152 patients with colon cancer, treated with radical resection from Jan.

[Inhibitory effect of angiogenesis inhibitor YH-16 in combination with 5-FU on liver metastasis of colorectal cancer].

Objective: To study the effect of angiogenesis inhibitor YH-16 in combination with 5-FU on liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.

Methods: In vitro, the inhibitory effects of YH-16 and 5-FU on the growth of vascular endothelial cells and colorectal cancer cells were examined by MTT assay. In vivo, colorectal cancer cells were transplanted into BALB/c mice, and the mice were divided into six groups randomly:control group, low-dose YH-16 group, middle-dose YH-16 group, high-dose YH-16 group, 5-FU group and combination group.