Modified constraint-induced movement therapy enhances cortical plasticity in a rat model of traumatic brain injury: a resting-state functional MRI study.

Modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) has shown beneficial effects on motor function improvement after brain injury, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. In this study, amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) metrics measured by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was obtained to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of mCIMT in a control cortical impact (CCI) rat model simulating traumatic brain injury. At 3 days after control cortical impact model establishment, we found that the mean ALFF (mALFF) signals were decreased in the left motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, insula cortex and the right motor cortex, and were increased in the right corpus callosum.

The Wnt/-Catenin Pathway Regulated Cytokines for Pathological Neuropathic Pain in Chronic Compression of Dorsal Root Ganglion Model.

Neuropathic pain is one of the important challenges in the clinic. Although a lot of research has been done on neuropathic pain (NP), the molecular mechanism is still elusive. We aimed to investigate whether the Wnt/-catenin pathway was involved in NP caused by sustaining dorsal root ganglion (DRG) compression with the chronic compression of dorsal root ganglion model (CCD).

Exosomes Derived from CXCR4-Overexpressing BMSC Promoted Activation of Microvascular Endothelial Cells in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a severe acute cerebrovascular disease which can be improved with neuroprotective therapies at an early stage. However, due to the lack of effective neuroprotective drugs, most stroke patients have varying degrees of long-term disability. In the present study, we investigated the role of exosomes derived from CXCR4-overexpressing BMSCs in restoring vascular function and neural repair after ischemic cerebral infarction.

[The Effect of Exosomes Secreted by Astrocytes on the Vitality of Neural Stem Cells].

Objective: To investigate the effects of exosomes of mouse astrocytes on the viability of neural stem cells.

Methods: Cultured and isolated the mouse astrocytes, and collected the cell supernatant for obtain the exosomes by ultracentrifugation. Neural stem cells that primary cultured for 2 to 6 generation were obtained and treated with medium contained 0, 20, 40, 60 μg/mL of exosomes respectively.

[Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Promote Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Migration in Rats].

Objective: To study the effect of bone marrow mesenchyml stem cell (BMSC) exosomes (Exo) on the proliferation and migration of brain microvascular endothelial cells in rats.

Methods: BMSCs were extracted from rats and identified. The BMSCs were co-cultured with bEnd.

Brain Endothelial Cell-Derived Exosomes Induce Neuroplasticity in Rats with Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Exosomes derived from the cerebral endothelial cells play essential roles in protecting neurons from hypoxia injury, but little is known regarding the biological effects and mechanisms of exosomes on brain plasticity. In this study, exosomes were isolated from rodent cerebral endothelial cells (bEnd.3 cells) by ultracentrifugation, either endothelial cell-derived exosomes (EC-Exo) or PBS was injected intraventricularly 2 h after the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model surgery in the Exo group and control group, respectively.

Vascular Endothelial Cell-derived Exosomes Protect Neural Stem Cells Against Ischemia/reperfusion Injury.

Vascular endothelial cells were activated during acute ischemic brain injury, which could induce neural progenitor cell proliferation and migration. However, the mechanism was still unknown. In the current study, we explored whether vascular endothelial cells promoted neural progenitor cell proliferation and whether migration occurs via exosome communication.

Paired associated magnetic stimulation promotes neural repair in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke.

Paired associative stimulation has been used in stroke patients as an innovative recovery treatment. However, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effectiveness of paired associative stimulation on neurological function remain unclear. In this study, rats were randomly divided into middle cerebral occlusion model (MCAO) and paired associated magnetic stimulation (PAMS) groups.