Simultaneous determination of twelve microcystins in algal supplements on the Chinese market and possible risks to exposed populations.

Algae supplements are widely recognized for their nutritional benefits and are commonly marketed as natural health products. However, concerns regarding contamination with cyanobacterial toxins have been raised. Moreover, there is very little data regarding the potential contamination of algal supplements on the Chinese market by these toxins.

UPLC-MS/MS-Based Target Screening of 90 Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in 5 Dietary Supplements.

The aim of individuals consuming health supplements is to attain a robust state through nutritional regulation. However, some unscrupulous manufacturers, motivated by profit, fraudulently incorporate drugs or unauthorized components with therapeutic effects into the product for instant product performance enhancement. The long-term use of these products may inadvertently inflict harm on human health and fail to promote nutritive healthcare.

Eco-friendly one-step egg white gel preparation for sensitive detection of 13 trichothecenes in oats using UHPLC-MS/MS.

Oat products have gained widespread recognition as a health food due to their rich and balanced nutritional profile and convenience. However, the unique matrix composition of oats, which differs significantly from other cereals, presents specific challenges for mycotoxin analysis. This study presents an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method enhanced with an innovative egg white gel pretreatment for the simultaneous analysis of 13 regulated and unregulated trichothecenes in oats.

Preparation and Application of Volatilized Wormwood Essence Derived Naturally into Green Insecticide.

Naturally occurring substances and their derivatives function as vital resources for pesticides that can be used in fields, such as insecticide production and fungicide development. As a botanical entity displaying multifaceted biological functions, wormwood has received thorough scrutiny across multiple sectors. The insect repellency potency combined with antibacterial and antifungal activities of wormwood position it as a potential candidate for prospective development into eco-friendly chemical pesticides.

High-Coverage UHPLC-MS/MS Analysis of 67 Mycotoxins in Plasma for Male Infertility Exposure Studies.

Mycotoxins are a class of exogenous metabolites that are major contributors to foodborne diseases and pose a potential threat to human health. However, little attention has been paid to trace mycotoxin co-exposure situations in vivo. To address this, we devised a novel analytical strategy, both highly sensitive and comprehensive, for quantifying 67 mycotoxins in human plasma samples.

Restricted-Access Media Column Switching Online Solid-Phase Extraction UHPLC-MS/MS for the Determination of Seven Type B Trichothecenes in Whole-Grain Preprocessed Foods and Human Exposure Risk Assessment.

With increasing health awareness and the accelerating pace of life, whole-grain prepared foods have gained popularity due to their health benefits and convenience. However, the potential risk of type B trichothecene toxins has also increased, and these mycotoxins in such foods are rarely regulated. In this study, a quantitative method combining a single-valve dual-column automatic online solid-phase extraction system with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed for the first time using restricted-access media columns.

[Liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry analysis of 300 illegally added drugs and their analogues in functional milk powder for the elderly].

Various types of milk powder purportedly providing diverse health functions have emerged with the growth of the country's elderly population. Some manufacturers illegally add chemical drugs to their products to achieve their reported benefits, which poses a threat to consumer health. The existing standard methods are inapplicable to such complex sample matrices and require testing based on functional claims and classification.

A Green Bridge: Enhancing a Multi-Pesticide Test for Food by Phase-Transfer Sample Treatment Coupled with LC/MS.

The preparation and treatment of the sample has become an important part of the determination process, which directly affects the accuracy of detection. The preparation of the sample for final detection is actually a process of separation and transfer of the target to be tested from the sample matrix. The phase-transfer process of analysis and detection is the process of transferring the target substance to be measured from a complex multiphase system to a simple homogeneous system.

Simultaneous Quantification of -Hydroxybutyrate, -Butyrolactone, and 1,4-Butanediol in Four Kinds of Beverages.

-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a neurotransmitter, which exhibits a strong central nervous system depressant effect. The abuse of GHB or its precursor substances (-butyrolactone (GBL) and 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD)) may cause serious problems. This study developed a fast and effective UHPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of GHB, GBL, and 1,4-BD in four popular beverages, including carbonated drinks, tea, apple cider vinegar, and coffee.

2-Deoxyglucose-Modified Folate Derivative: Self-Assembling Nanoparticle Able to Load Cisplatin.

Folic acid has been widely introduced into nano-drug delivery systems to give nanoparticle-targeted characteristics. However, the poor water solubility of folic acid may hinder the exploitation of its ability to load antineoplastic drugs. In the present study, we designed a new folate derivative (FA-2-DG) synthesized from folic acid and 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG).

Novel Targeted Anti-Tumor Nanoparticles Developed from Folic Acid-Modified 2-Deoxyglucose.

The glucose analog, 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG), specifically inhibits glycolysis of cancer cells and interferes with the growth of cancer cells. However, the excellent water solubility of 2-DG makes it difficult to be concentrated in tumor cells. In this study, a targeted nano-pharmacosome was developed with folic acid-modified 2-DG (FA-2-DG) by using amino ethanol as a cleavable linker.

The pressure-induced, lactose-dependent changes in the composition and size of casein micelles.

The effects of lactose on the changes in the composition and size of casein micelles induced by high-pressure treatment and the related mechanism of action were investigated. Dispersions of ultracentrifuged casein micelle pellets with 0-10% (w/v) lactose were subjected to high pressure (400 MPa) at 20 °C for 40 min. The results indicated that the level of non-sedimentable caseins was positively related to the amount of lactose added prior to pressure treatment, and negatively correlated to the size.

Nanosized aspirin-Arg-Gly-Asp-Val: delivery of aspirin to thrombus by the target carrier Arg-Gly-Asp-Val tetrapeptide.

Resistance and nonresponse to aspirin dramatically decreases its therapeutic efficacy. To overcome this issue, a small-molecule thrombus-targeting drug delivery system, aspirin-Arg-Gly-Asp-Val (A-RGDV), is developed by covalently linking Arg-Gly-Asp-Val tetrapeptide with aspirin. The 2D ROESY NMR and ESI-MS spectra support a molecular model of an A-RGDV tetramer.