Identification of cigarettes with different grades by using FTIR microspectroscopy.

In this paper, FTIR microspectroscopy was used to identify the cigarettes of three different grades such as Jinwan cigarettes (J group), Yinxiangyipin cigarettes (Y group) and Hongsanhuan cigarettes (H group). IR spectra and peak-area ratios (A /A, A /A, A/A and A/A) revealed significant differences among H, Y and J groups, reflecting the changes in chemical compositions with increased grade. Discriminant analysis was carried out on basis of the above peak-area ratios, achieving 100% accuracy for identification of H, Y and J groups.

A novel approach for quantitative determination of cellulose content in tobacco via 2D HSQC NMR spectroscopy.

Cellulose is an important component of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cell walls, which can be precursors for many harmful compounds in smoke. Traditional cellulose content analysis methods involve sequential extraction and separation steps, which are time-consuming and environmentally unfriendly.

Electrodialysis Metathesis (EDM) Desalination for the Effective Removal of Chloride and Nitrate from Tobacco Extract: The Effect of Membrane Type.

Electrodialysis Metathesis (EDM) desalination was investigated using a squad of three ion-exchange membranes (ACS, TW-A, and A3) and simulated tobacco extract liquid for selective ions removal. We have studied various factors affecting EDM desalination efficiency using a complete experimental design. First, diffusion dialysis (DD) was conducted to determine the permeation rate of different anions in tobacco liquor with different membrane materials.

A Comprehensive Analysis of Inorganic Ions and Their Selective Removal from the Reconstituted Tobacco Extract Using Electrodialysis.

Many tobacco stalks, dust, and fines are discharged in the tobacco industry, rich in inorganic minerals ions and nicotine salts. The high salinity and nicotine salts are challenging to be addressed by traditional treatment and are a severe threat that ought to be overcome. Thus, proper techniques can regenerate the tobacco stalks into reconstituted tobacco flakes used as cigarette filler.

Plasma Treatment for Cellulose in Tobacco Paper-Base: The Improvement of Surface Hydrophilicity and Mechanical Property.

This paper reports a plasma treatment (PT) method for improving the surface hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of cellulose in reconstituted tobacco paper-base. The absorption and infiltration rates of water droplets on PT-reconstituted tobacco paper-base-15 s were significantly accelerated. Notably, the increased content of methylene and alkyl groups enabled the tobacco paper-base to absorb more useful substrates in the tobacco extract after plasma treatment.

A High-Throughput, Multi-Index Isothermal Amplification Platform for Rapid Detection of 19 Types of Common Respiratory Viruses Including SARS-CoV-2.

Fast and accurate diagnosis and the immediate isolation of patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are regarded as the most effective measures to restrain the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Here, we present a high-throughput, multi-index nucleic acid isothermal amplification analyzer (RTisochip™-W) employing a centrifugal microfluidic chip to detect 19 common respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, from 16 samples in a single run within 90 min. The limits of detection of all the viruses analyzed by the RTisochip™-W system were equal to or less than 50 copies·μL, which is comparable to those of conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Fast analysis of selected compounds in inhaled and exhaled vapor phase of cigarette smoke to evaluate components retained in the upper respiratory tract.

Rationale: The aim of this work is to use a new design of online sampling photoionization mass spectrometer to analyze chemical ingredients in inhaled and exhaled cigarette smoke directly without separation.

Methods: Based on vacuum ultraviolet photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (VUV-PI-TOFMS) and a sampling system, a newly developed rapid online sampling design approach was used for the upper respiratory tract retention study of gaseous mainstream cigarette smoke components during smoking. The cigarette smoke inhaled or exhaled by seven subjects who displayed three different smoking patterns was directly sampled into a vacuum chamber, photoionized, and analyzed using TOFMS.

Electrodialytic Desalination of Tobacco Sheet Extract: Membrane Fouling Mechanism and Mitigation Strategies.

In the papermaking industry (reconstituted tobacco), a large number of tobacco stems, dust, and fines are discharged in the wastewater. This high salinity wastewater rich in ionic constituents and nicotine is difficult to be degraded by conventional biological treatment and is a serious threat that needs to be overcome. Electrodialysis (ED) has proved a feasible technique to remove the inorganic components in the papermaking wastewater.

Development of a rapid method for the quantification of cellulose in tobacco by (13)C CP/MAS NMR.

A method was developed for rapid quantitative determination of cellulose in tobacco by utilizing (13)C cross polarization magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy ((13)C CP/MAS NMR). Sample powder was loaded into NMR rotor, which was customized rotor containing a matched silicon tube as an intensity reference. (13)C CP/MAS NMR spectra of tobacco samples were processed with spectral deconvolution to obtain the area of the C-1 resonance at 105.

Dissociative photoionization of β-pinene: an experimental and theoretical study.

We investigated the photoionization and dissociation photoionization of the β-pinene molecular using time-of-flight mass spectrometry with a tunable vacuum ultraviolet source in the region from 8.00eV to 15.50eV.

Expression of bacterial GshF in Pichia pastoris for glutathione production.

Conventionally, two consecutive enzymatic reactions catalyzed by γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthetase are most commonly used for glutathione production. Here we demonstrate that bacterial bifunctional GshF can be used for glutathione production in a eukaryotic system without accumulation of the intermediate γ-glutamylcysteine.

Beta-Aminobutyric acid-mediated enhancement of resistance in tobacco against TMV and consideration of its capability in wounded tobacco plants.

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is an important component of disease-resistance arsenal of plants, and is associated with enhanced potency of activating local and systemic defense-related responses upon pathogen attack. In this report, we demonstrated that pre-treatment with beta-aminobutyric acid (BABA), a new elicitor of SAR in the plants, enhanced resistance against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in a temperately-sensitive tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivar Yunyan 85.