A metal-organic nanoframework for efficient colorectal cancer immunotherapy by the cGAS-STING pathway activation and immune checkpoint blockade.

Immunotherapy has shown marked progress in promoting systemic anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) clinical effects. For further effectively sensitizing CRC to immunotherapy, we have engineered a pH-sensitive zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (CS/NPs), capable of efficient cGAS-STING pathway activation and immune checkpoint blockade, by encapsulating the chemotherapeutic mitoxantrone (MTX) and immunomodulator thymus pentapeptide (TP5) and tailoring with tumor-targeting chondroitin sulfate (CS). In this nanoframework, CS endows CS/NPs with specific tumor-targeting activity and reduced systemic toxicity.

Metformin promotes the survival of random skin flaps via the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.

The random flap is one of the commonly used techniques for tissue defect repair in surgery and orthopaedics, however the risk of ischaemic necrosis at the distal end of the flap limits its size and clinical application. Metformin (Met) is a first-line medication in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, with additional effects such as anti-tumor, anti-aging, and neuroprotective properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate the biological effects and potential mechanisms of Met in improving the survival of random skin flaps.

Dendrobium nobile active ingredient Dendrobin A against hepatocellular carcinoma via inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-B signaling.

Objective: Dendrobin A, a typical active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine Dendrobium nobile, has potential clinical application in cancer treatment; however, its effect and mechanism in anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unsolved.

Method: The effects of Dendrobin A on the viability, migration, invasion, cycle, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 cells were verified by in vitro experiments. mRNA sequencing was performed to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of HCC cells before and after Dendrobin A treatment, following GO enrichment and KEGG signaling pathway analyses.

Decoding active compounds and molecular targets of herbal medicine by high-throughput metabolomics technology: A systematic review.

Clinical experiences of herbal medicine (HM) have been used to treat a variety of human intractable diseases. As the treatment of diseases using HM is characterized by multi-components and multi-targets, it is difficult to determine the bio-active components, explore the molecular targets and reveal the mechanisms of action. Metabolomics is frequently used to characterize the effect of external disturbances on organisms because of its unique advantages on detecting changes in endogenous small-molecule metabolites.

Oncofetal reprogramming in tumor development and progression: novel insights into cancer therapy.

Emerging evidence indicates that cancer cells can mimic characteristics of embryonic development, promoting their development and progression. Cancer cells share features with embryonic development, characterized by robust proliferation and differentiation regulated by signaling pathways such as Wnt, Notch, hedgehog, and Hippo signaling. In certain phase, these cells also mimic embryonic diapause and fertilized egg implantation to evade treatments or immune elimination and promote metastasis.

A micro-nano interface integrated SERS-based microfluidic sensor for miRNA detection using DNAzyme walker amplification.

Background: Precise and specific miRNA detection plays a vital role in exploring development mechanisms of cancer disease, thereby it can significantly improve relevant prevention and treatment strategies.

Results: In this work, a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based microfluidic chip has been devised with a microcone array SERS substrate (MCASS) for the miR-141 detection. This substrate excels in unique SERS activity and large surface area for DNA oligonucleotide modification.

Laser-activatable oxygen self-supplying nanoplatform for efficiently overcoming colorectal cancer resistance by enhanced ferroptosis and alleviated hypoxic microenvironment.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most deadly cancer worldwide, with chemo-resistance remaining a major obstacle in CRC treatment. Notably, the imbalance of redox homeostasis-mediated ferroptosis and the modulation of hypoxic tumor microenvironment are regarded as new entry points for overcoming the chemo-resistance of CRC.

Methods: Inspired by this, we rationally designed a light-activatable oxygen self-supplying chemo-photothermal nanoplatform by co-assembling cisplatin (CDDP) and linoleic acid (LA)-tailored IR820 via enhanced ferroptosis against colorectal cancer chemo-resistance.

Immunometabolism changes in fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.

Immune cells are essential for initiating and developing the fibrotic process by releasing cytokines and growth factors that activate fibroblasts and promote extracellular matrix deposition. Immunometabolism describes how metabolic alterations affect the function of immune cells and how inflammation and immune responses regulate systemic metabolism. The disturbed immune cell function and their interactions with other cells in the tissue microenvironment lead to the origin and advancement of fibrosis.

Sertaconazole-repurposed nanoplatform enhances lung cancer therapy via CD44-targeted drug delivery.

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most frequent causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Drug repurposing and nano-drug delivery systems are attracting considerable attention for improving anti-cancer therapy. Sertaconazole (STZ), an antifungal agent, has been reported to exhibit cytotoxicity against both normal and tumor cells, and its medical use is limited by its poor solubility.

A novel CTLA-4 blocking strategy based on nanobody enhances the activity of dendritic cell vaccine-stimulated antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

Despite the great success of CTLA-4 blocking in cancer treatment, the use of anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies still faces many limitations. Now, immune checkpoint blocking coupled with adoptive cell therapy is gaining much attention. In this paper, we reported a strategy on the basis of anti-CTLA-4 nanobody (Nb)-modified liposomes to improve these obstacles.

Pan-cancer analyses reveal multi-omic signatures and clinical implementations of the forkhead-box gene family.

Background: Forkhead box (FOX) proteins belong to one of the largest transcription factor families and play crucial roles in the initiation and progression of cancer. Prior research has linked several FOX genes, such as FOXA1 and FOXM1, to the crucial process of carcinogenesis. However, the overall picture of FOX gene family across human cancers is far from clear.

Proteomic Analyses Reveal Functional Pathways and Potential Targets in Pediatric Hydrocephalus.

Introduction: Hydrocephalus is a common pediatric disorder of cerebral spinal fluid physiology resulting in abnormal expansion of the cerebral ventricles. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown.

Methods: We performed proteomic analyses of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 7 congenital hydrocephalus and 5 arachnoid cyst patients who underwent surgical treatment.

Integrated analysis of extract Dendrobin A against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and validation experiments.

(), a traditional Chinese medicine, has received attention as an anti-tumor drug, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we applied network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and experiments to explore the effect and mechanism of Dendrobin A, the active ingredient of , against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The databases of SwissTargetPrediction and PharmMapper were used to obtain the potential targets of Dendrobin A, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PDAC and normal pancreatic tissues were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases.

Enhanced insulin-regulated phagocytic activities support extreme health span and longevity in multiple populations.

The immune system plays a central role in many processes of age-related disorders and it remains unclear if the innate immune system may play roles in shaping extreme longevity. By an integrated analysis with multiple bulk and single cell transcriptomic, so as DNA methylomic datasets of white blood cells, a previously unappreciated yet commonly activated status of the innate monocyte phagocytic activities is identified. Detailed analyses revealed that the life cycle of these monocytes is enhanced and primed to a M2-like macrophage phenotype.

Integrating Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics to Explore the Effects of Dangshen () Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Validation Based on the Active Compound Luteolin.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the pharmacological mechanism of Dangshen () against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics, and to verify the anticancer effect of luteolin, the active ingredient of , on HCC cells.

Methods: The effective compounds and potential targets of were established using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database. The genes related to HCC were obtained through the GeneCards database.

Myocardin-related transcription factor A, regulated by serum response factor, contributes to diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice.

Aims: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a significant contributor to the global pandemic of heart failure. In the present study we investigated the involvement of myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A), a transcriptional regulator, in this process.

Materials And Methods: Diabetic cardiomyopathy was induced in mice by feeding with a high-fat diet (HFD) or streptozotocin (STZ) injection.

Mining the Influencing Factors and Their Asymmetrical Effects of mHealth Sleep App User Satisfaction From Real-world User-Generated Reviews: Content Analysis and Topic Modeling.

Background: Sleep disorders are a global challenge, affecting a quarter of the global population. Mobile health (mHealth) sleep apps are a potential solution, but 25% of users stop using them after a single use. User satisfaction had a significant impact on continued use intention.

Comprehensive analysis of expression and prognostic value in kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma.

Laminin subunit gamma 1 (LAMC1) protein is associated with tumor cell invasion and metastasis. However, its role in kidney cancer remains unclear. In this work, we sought to probe the expression as well as its carcinogenic mechanisms of in kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC).

The synergistic interaction landscape of chromatin regulators reveals their epigenetic regulation mechanisms across five cancer cell lines.

Chromatin regulators (CRs) regulate the gene transcription process through combinatorial patterns, which currently remain obscure for pan-cancer. This study identified the interaction of CRs and constructed CR-CR interaction networks across five tumor cell lines. The global interaction analysis revealed that CRs tend to function in synergistically.

Comprehensive Analysis of the Carcinogenic Process, Tumor Microenvironment, and Drug Response in HPV-Positive Cancers.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common virus, and about 5% of all cancers worldwide is caused by persistent high-risk HPV infections. Here, we reported a comprehensive analysis of the molecular features for HPV-related cancer types using TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) data with HPV status. We found that the HPV-positive cancer patients had a unique oncogenic process, tumor microenvironment, and drug response compared with HPV-negative patients.