Review of the genus Pseudodolbina Rothschild, 1894, with the description of a new species from Yunnan, China (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae).

The two species currently included in the genus Pseudodolbina Rothschild, 1894, Pseudodolbina fo (Walker, 1856) and Pseudodolbina aequalis Rothschild & Jordan, 1903, were studied and a new species, Pseudodolbina yunnana sp. nov., was described from Yunnan, China.

Revision of the Genus Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from China, Based on Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses.

Here, the taxonomy of the genus Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Macroglossinae, Macroglossini) from China is revised based on differences in wing morphology, male and female genitalia, and the phylogenetic relationship of the DNA barcodes. Subspecies of (Rothschild, 1894) and (Walker, 1856) are treated as "good" species, namely Mell, 1922 stat. nov.

First description of the females of Chou & Wang, 1995 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from Shaanxi and Sichuan Provinces, western China.

Background: The family Lycaenidae is a widely distributed and species-rich group with approximately 5300 described species. The rare genus Chou & Wang, with Chou & Wang as its type species was established as monotypic. In the original description, was described from a male holotype; the female remained unknown.

Checklist of Yunnan Papilionidae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) with nomenclatural notes and descriptions of new subspecies.

A checklist of the Papilionidae of Yunnan is presented, with nomenclatural and taxonomic changes made. In the nomenclatural section, the junior homonym Papilio bootes nigricans Rothschild, 1895 is replaced by Papilio bootes nigricauda Lamas & Cotton nom. nov.

Review of the Narrow-Banded Hawkmoth, (Rothschild & Jordan, 1915) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) in China, with Morphological and Phylogenetic Analysis.

(Rothschild & Jordan, 1915) is a species of the genus Hogenes & Treadaway, 1993, that was previously known from Sichuan, Yunnan, and Tibet, China. Recently, however, this species was also found in Beijing and Hebei. These populations differ from those in southwest China in body colour and the shape of the yellow patches of the hindwing-a paler body colour and triangular patches in the former and darker body colour and fan-like patches in the latter.

The life history of Hayesiana triopus (Westwood, 1847), with taxonomic notes on both present and former species of the genus Hayesiana Fletcher, 1982 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae).

The two species previously included in the genus Hayesiana Fletcher, 1982 were studied. The life history of the sole currently included species, Hayesiana triopus (Westwood, 1847) is illustrated in colour for the first time. Field records of Hayesiana triopus and Dahira farintaenia (Zhu & Wang, 1997) (previously Hayesiana farintaenia) are given, with the first description of the female genitalia of the latter.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the little-known regional endemic (Oberthür, 1892) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae).

The present study reports the mitochondrial genome of (Oberthür, 1892), a little-known species endemic to the southern margin of the Hengduan Mountains in Yunnan Province. This genome is circular, 15,148 bp in length, and consists of 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, and two rRNAs. The Bayesian phylogenetic tree clusters with other taxa inside tribe Pierini Duponchel, [1835].

Species Richness of Papilionidae Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in the Hengduan Mountains and Its Future Shifts under Climate Change.

The family of Papilionidae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) is a group of butterflies with high ecological and conservation value. The Hengduan Mountains (HMDs) in Southwest China is an important diversity centre for these butterflies. However, the spatial distribution pattern and the climate vulnerability of Papilionidae butterflies in the HDMs remain unknown to date.

A comprehensive phylogeny and revised taxonomy illuminate the origin and diversification of the global radiation of Papilio (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae).

The swallowtail genus Papilio (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) is species rich, distributed worldwide, and has broad morphological habits and ecological niches. Because of its elevated species richness, it has been historically difficult to reconstruct a densely sampled phylogeny for this clade. Here we provide a taxonomic working list for the genus, resulting in 235 Papilio species, and assemble a molecular dataset of seven gene fragments representing ca.

Cut to Disarm Plant Defence: A Unique Oviposition Behaviour in (Coleoptera: Attelabidae).

Female weevils of the family Attelabidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) possess a unique behaviour of partially cutting the branches connecting egg-bearing organs of their host plants during oviposition. However, the consequence of such behaviour remains unclear. Using and its host pear (), the present study tested the hypothesis that the oviposition behaviour could disarm the host plants' defence.

Graphium septentrionicolus Page amp; Treadaway, 2013 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) is a distinct species.

After molecular and morphological analyses, the taxon septentrionicolus Page Treadaway, 2013 is shown to be a distinct species, and Graphium adonarensis (Rothschild, 1896) is placed as conspecific with Graphium sarpedon (Linnaeus, 1758). Graphium huangshanensis Wu Ma, 2016 syn. nov.

A new species of Rhodambulyx Mell, 1939 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from Southwest Chongqing, China.

A new species of the genus Rhodambulyx Mell, 1939, Rhodambulyx xinyuae sp. nov., is described from Simianshan Nature Reserve in Southwest Chongqing, China.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the recently discovered multivoltine () Hu, Duan & Cotton, 2018 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae).

() Hu, Duan & Cotton, 2018 is a recently discovered, wide ranging, multivoltine swordtail butterfly in China and Vietnam. The present study reports the complete mitochondrial genome of this butterfly, which is the fifth mitochondrial genome record for subgenus Moore, 1888. The mitochondrial genome of () is circular and 15,212 bp in length, and consists of 37 genes, including 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, and two rRNAs.

The first record of the monospecific genus (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from China.

Background: The family Nymphalidae is the largest group of butterflies with high species richeness. (Cramer, [1779]), a forest species, was discovered in the mid-stream of the Yuanjiang-Red River Valley of Yunnan Province for the first time, which represents the first record of the genus in China.

New Information: The species (Cramer, [1779]) is the first record of the genus from China.

New records of two lycaenid butterfly species (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in China, with the description of a new subspecies.

Background: The family Lycaenidae is the second-largest group of butterflies which contains about one third of the known species of Papilionoidea. The genera Moore, [1881] and Moore, 1884 are both mainly found in the Oriental and Australian realms. In a very recent expedition to south-west China in Xishuangbanna (Yunnan Province), specimens of Saito, 2005 and (Hewitson, 1869) were collected for the first time, a new subspecies of the former: ssp.

Complete mitochondrial genomes of two insular races of swordtails from Taiwan, China (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae: ).

The mitogenomes of two insular subspecies of , () and () from Taiwan Island, are reported. Both mitogenomes are circular, 15,228 bp and 15,240 bp in length respectively, and consist of 37 genes, including 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, and two rRNAs. The Bayesian phylogenetic tree containing the focal taxa and 31 other Papilioninae members clustered them with () (Alphéraky, 1897) and then () (Nicéville, 1900) inside tribe Leptocircini, which agrees with their taxonomic positions.

A New Species of Aporia/ (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from Northwest Yunnan, China with Taxonomic Notes on Its Similar Sympatric Taxa.

The northwest corner of Yunnan Province, China is the world-class diversity centre of the genus Aporia Hübner, 1819 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). During our expeditions to this area in 2019 and 2020, a new species of Aporia was discovered from the upper Yangtze River valley in northwest Yunnan, China. The new taxon, A.

The first record of the genus (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from China.

Background: The family Pieridae is a large group of butterflies which plays an important role in evolutionary biology and contains many potential pests (Courtney 1986). Pieridae is a cosmopolitan family while the tropics harbour higher species richness. In a very recent expedition to the Chinese-Indian border area in Tibet Autonomous Region, a migratory species, (Fabricius, 1793), was discovered for the first time, which comprises the first record of the genus in China and the highest altitude record of this species.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Endangered long-armed scarab (Coleoptera: Euchiridae).

The long-armed scarab is an endangered large insect in southwestern China and neighboring countries. Herein, we present the first complete mitochondrial genome of . The 16,899 bp long circular genome consists of 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and a non-coding control region.

Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae).

Three Graphium species belonging to two species groups of the subgenus Pazala, the alebion and tamerlanus groups, were examined in molecular and morphological studies, and their female genitalia are reported for the first time. Their relationship with other species groups within the subgenus is assessed and their divergence times are estimated. We find that G.

Butterfly Conservation in China: From Science to Action.

About 10% of the Earth's butterfly species inhabit the highly diverse ecosystems of China. Important for the ecological, economic, and cultural services they provide, many butterfly species experience threats from land use shifts and climate change. China has recently adopted policies to protect the nation's biodiversity resources.

Spatial Distribution of Pollinating Butterflies in Yunnan Province, Southwest China with Resource Conservation Implications.

Pollinating butterflies are an important asset to agriculture, which still depends on wild resources. Yunnan Province in Southwest China is a region with typical montane agriculture, but this resource is poorly investigated. From literature reference and specimen examination, the present study identified 554 species of pollinating butterflies (50.

Migration sources and pathways of the pest species in Yunnan, China, and across the border inferred from DNA and wind analyses.

The migration sources and pathways of (Horváth) in topologically complex regions like Yunnan, China, and adjacent montane areas have long been a challenging task and a bottleneck in effective pest forecast and control. The present research reinvestigated this issue using a combination of mtDNA and long-term historical wind field data in an attempt to provide new insights. Genetic analyses showed that the 60 populations of collected across Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan lack genetic structure and geographic isolation, while spatial analysis of haplotype and diversity indices discovered geographic relevance between populations.