Candidate agents for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma identified by a sub-pathway based method.

Aim: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of PDAC and identify biologically active small molecules capable of targeting the sub-pathways which were dysregulated in the development of PDAC.

Methods: The gene expression profile of GSE28735 microarray data (including 45 matching pairs of pancreatic tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues) was downloaded from GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) database.

Prevalence of hoarding disorder in individuals at potential risk of eviction in New York City: a pilot study.

This study estimated the prevalence of hoarding disorder (HD) in individuals seeking help from Eviction Intervention Services Housing Research Center (EIS), a not-for-profit community organization in New York City (NYC) that aids clients with housing problems including eviction. One hundred fifteen EIS clients were screened for HD. The prevalence of HD among those seeking help from EIS was 22% (clinician-rated) and 23% (self-rated), which is nearly 5 to 10 times greater than the rate of hoarding (2% to 5%) in the general population.

[Measuring and analyzing infrared spectrum of periodically polarized lithium niobate].

The present paper reports theoretical and experimental research on the tunable output characteristics of periodically polarized lithium niobate. We made six equal distance crystal grating sections, with each distance being 0.5 mm and the polarization period range of 29.

A 6-year experience with Pap smears in an urban adolescent practice: the scope and burden of abnormalities.

Study Objective: To determine the prevalence of cervical dysplasia and adherence to recommendations for referral/follow-up in a group of adolescent girls undergoing routine reproductive health care in a primary care setting.

Design: Retrospective review of all screening Papanicolaou (Pap) smears performed between 12/99 and 12/05.

Setting: An urban academic adolescent medicine practice in New York City.

Changes in childhood immunization disparities between central cities and their respective states, 2000 versus 2006.

Central cities have lower childhood immunization coverage rates than states in which they are located. We conducted a secondary analysis of the National Immunization Survey (NIS) 2000 and 2006 of children 19-35 months old for 26 NIS-defined central cities and the rest of their respective states in order to examine patterns in early childhood immunization disparities between central cities and their respective states and the contextual factors associated with these disparities. We examined three measures of immunization disparities (absolute, difference, and ratio of change) and the patterns of disparity change with regard to selected contextual factors derived from the census.

Effectiveness of a community coalition for improving child vaccination rates in New York City.

We used a retrospective, matching, birth cohort design to evaluate a comprehensive, coalition-led childhood immunization program of outreach, education, and reminders in a Latino, urban community. After we controlled for Latino ethnicity and Medicaid, we found that children enrolled in the program were 53% more likely to be up-to-date (adjusted odds ratio = 1.53; 95% confidence interval = 1.

Is underimmunization associated with child maltreatment?

Objective: To assess the relationship between underimmunization and child maltreatment among children referred to a child advocacy center for a child maltreatment evaluation.

Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis of 399 children aged 3 to 48 months who were referred to a child advocacy center at an academic medical center. The primary independent variable was age-appropriate immunization status.

Early onset of overweight and obesity among low-income 1- to 5-year olds in New York City.

Early-childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions, particularly among low-income, minority, urban children. Understanding the progression of obesity prevalence rates from infancy through early childhood can inform public health efforts to combat this epidemic and create developmentally appropriate strategies. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of overweight and obesity among urban 1- to 5-year olds and estimated risk by age and gender.

Is there a relationship between lacking a primary care provider and child abuse?

Objective: To examine the association between lacking a primary care provider and child abuse.

Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis of 1462 children aged View Article and Find Full Text PDF

"Energy Up": a novel approach to the weight management of inner-city teens.

There are few successful adolescent obesity prevention programs. We evaluated "Energy Up," an innovative program for inner-city girls that focuses on addictive food avoidance, exercise, and self-esteem building. Over a 9-month period, obese participants lost 12.

Influenza vaccine coverage and missed opportunities among inner-city children aged 6 to 23 months: 2000-2005.

Objective: In 2002, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended universal influenza vaccination of 6- to 23-month-olds. Little is known about coverage and missed opportunities for influenza vaccination at inner-city practices. The objective of this study was to assess the 2000-2001 to 2004-2005 coverage and the prevalence of missed opportunities for influenza vaccination among inner-city children.

The impact of DTaP-IPV-HB vaccine on use of health services for young infants.

Background: In 2003, a pentavalent vaccine (diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis, injectable polio and hepatitis B) was introduced into the childhood vaccination schedule. A premarketing study showed a higher incidence of fever than with the vaccines administered separately. Because fevers in young infants prompt medical evaluations, this study examines the impact of this vaccine (DTaP-IPV-HB) on subsequent use of health services.

Community-based strategies to reduce childhood immunization disparities.

This study demonstrates how community-based immunization promotion reduced immunization disparities. In 2002 to 2004, the coalition enrolled 3,748 children younger than 5, with 1,502 aged 19 to 35 months in April 2004. Disparity reduction was assessed by comparing coalition immunization coverage rates (4:3:1:3:3) to the National Immunization Survey 2003 rates.

Challenges and successes of immunization registry reminders at inner-city practices.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of two serial registry reminder protocols and the interactive effects of reminders with child characteristics on immunization rates.

Methods: At an inner city practice network in New York City we randomized 1662 children aged 6 weeks-15 months due or late for a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTaP) to 3 groups: continuous reminders (as needed), limited reminders (up to 3) and controls, for 6 months. Reminders were triggered by the hospital registry and immunizations were tracked with both the hospital and city registries.

Community empowerment to reduce childhood immunization disparities in New York City.

This paper reports on the impact of the community-based Start Right program on childhood immunization coverage in 2 communities of color in New York City. Fully launched in 2002, Start Right operates through the major social service programs of its 23 member organizations. Immunization promotion strategies are based on the following guiding principles: community leadership; integration with community programs; parental empowerment; peer health educators; tracking and feedback; and linkage with health providers.

Early continuity of care and immunization coverage.

Objective: We examined the relationship between early and exclusive continuity of care at the initial source of care and immunization coverage.

Methods: We used a cohort study design with 641 randomly selected children initiating care before 3 months and making 2 or more visits to an inner-city practice network. We used 2 complementary data sources: medical records and the New York City Department of Health Citywide Immunization Registry.

Impact of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices' 4-day grace period in a low-income community.

Background: In 2002, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended vaccine doses administered < or = 4 days before the minimum age or interval be counted as valid. The study objective was to assess the impact of the 4-day grace period on the need for revaccination and associated costs in a low-income community, compared to standard practice (i.e.

Community-provider partnerships to reduce immunization disparities: field report from northern Manhattan.

In 1996 we launched a community-provider partnership to raise immunization coverage for children aged younger than 3 years in Northern Manhattan, New York City. The partnership was aimed at fostering provider knowledge and accountability, practice improvements, and community outreach. By 1999 the partnership included 26 practices and 20 community groups.